unemployment in zambia
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IN ASSOCIATION WITH
PAGLORY COLLEGE OF
EDUCATION
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
NAME: NSOFWA GETRUDE
COURSE: ECONOMICS
PROGRAMME: SECONDARY TEACHERS DIPLOMA
COMBINATION: CIVIC EDUCATION/ RE
TERM: TWO
NAME OF THE LECTURER: MR.CHIMOTO B.C
ASSIGNMENT NO: TWO
ASSIGNMENT QUESTION: There is a loud cry of unemployment in Zambia, Discuss the means and
ways of creating employment in Zambia, to curb youths problem economically.
DUE DATE: 10
th
July, 2012
LECTURERS COMMENTS:
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Of the total population of Zambia, 70% constitute of the youths, defining Zambias population as
young. There are a number of issues affecting the youths were HIV is one of the big issues
affecting the young people in Zambia is unemployment. In this paper, I discuss means and ways
of creating employment in curbing youths problem economically.
According to one of the biggest problems facing the young people of Zambia today is youth
unemployment. There are a number and masses of young people that have good qualification but
do not have a job. There are just no jobs for them. It always pains them if they are heading a
family or taking care of their fellow brothers and sisters. A lot of young people have blamed the
government for the poor educational and employment policies despite having the ministries of
education and labour. This disparity has increased the number of street vendors (who are mainly
the youths) in the communities and towns. This is for the reason that they want to at list find
something to get home so that they feed the ones they taking care of. It is so unfortunate because
even the university graduates can still hover around the communities.
Youth unemployment is still very high in Zambia. The 2000 census shows that 23 and 21 percent
of the youths aged between 1519 and 20-24, respectively, were unemployed. By residence,
youth unemployment was higher in the urban areas than rural areas, 55 percent compared to 12
percent in the age group 15-19 and 42 percent compared to 9 percent in the age group 20-25.
Youth unemployment was slightly lower among females at 21 percent compared to 25 percent in
the age group 15-19 and 18 percent compared to 23 percent in the age group 20-25 (CSO,2006).
The PF government says it is keen to set up financing for youths entrepreneurship projects in the
2013 National Budget in a bid to create more jobs. And the PF government has told youths to
stop looking for jobs but create employment.
It is in this line that, if Zambia has to create employment we have to concentrate on
strengthening youth empowerment fund to meet the demand of the youths. The Government has
to set up skill training centers in all districts where young people will be equipped with creative
skills such as bricklaying, power electrical, tailoring and sewing, carpentry, agriculture,
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computer skills and entrepreneurship. These skills empower an individual to start his or her own
job and employ other, thereby providing economical development.
According to The Post (2012:2) reports that, Finance Deputy Minister Miles Sampa said, youth
unemployment was a global problem. He noted that all countries were grappling with
unemployment especially among the youths. This on Monday after attending the opening
session of the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) 2012 Annual Ministerial Review
meeting focusing on promoting productive capacity and decent work to eradicate poverty in the
context of inclusive, sustainable and equitable economic growth at all levels for achieving the
Millennium Development Goals.
According to Sampa (2012:2) notes that, What we observed from the meeting today is that the
solutions are not only in providing jobs to the youths from Government and companies. The
youths should become innovative and come up with bankable ideas that can be financed either
by the Government or the private sector, the Deputy Minister said. He urged the youths to start
thinking of becoming employers and not depending on being employed.
According to UNCTAD (2006) The creative industries are a fast-growing economic sector that
holds great potential for developing countries, which often have rich traditions of art, music,
dance, literature, film, and other forms of creative talent, as well as vast cultural heritage andprofound traditional knowledge. As per UNCTAD, throughout this decade the creative
industries became one of the most dynamic sectors in the world economy and in international
trade.
Creative industries comprise the creation, production, marketing and distribution of products and
services resulting from human creativity. According to UNCTAD (2006:76), the creative
industries deal with the interplay of various knowledge-based economic activities comprising
tangible products and intangible intellectual assets, with economic and culture value, creative
content and market objectives. They include the performing arts, the motion picture and
recording industries, book, journal and newspaper publishing; and the computer software and
games industry, music and theatre production, photography, commercial art, advertising, radio,
television and cable broadcasting industry.
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The prominent role of creativity in shaping the direction and volume of trade flows has important
implications for both development and socio-economic growth, especially in developing
countries. In developed countries, the creative economy is becoming a platform for promoting
innovation, enhancing services and reducing unemployment. The strengths of this creative
economy rely on its capacity to improve competitiveness and to help countries to diversify their
economies. While the range of skills and specific cultural features of a country are preconditions
for successful expansion of the creative economy, creativity is becoming crucial to articulate
development strategies. Creativity is a strategic asset that can offer a comparative advantage in
the globalizing world and help maintain a country's cultural identity.
According to Mfune (2008:8) The creative industries also contribute to sustainable
development. It is becoming increasingly recognized that the concept of "sustainability" has alarger scope beyond its application to the environment. The tangible and intangible cultural
capital of a community, a nation or a region of the world is something that must be preserved for
future generations just as natural resources and ecosystems need to be safeguarded to ensure
continuation of human life on the planet.
To support Mfune, it can be supported that emphasis should be on entrepreneurship rather than
on white collar jobs rather than waiting for the Government to employ them. The role of the
Government is to create an enabling environment for private and public partnership andencourage indigenous Zambians to access land and financing.
Creative industries built on cultural capital and heritage often have deep roots in the natural
environment. The traditional knowledge that makes the creative industries so unique evolved
over centuries through observation and use of the natural environment. From the study and use of
plants came our first systems of medicine and the basis of the natural health and cosmetics
industry.
In conclusion, in curbing youth unemployment in Zambia, Government should create an
enabling environment for youth financing in form of a youth banks that shall provide revolving
loans to unemployed youths. There should be emphasis on entrepreneurship skills rather than
white collar syndrome. Evidence has it that creative arts and promotion of Indigenous
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knowledge of the natural environment has created lucrative markets for visual arts, eco fashion
and ecotourism.
References
CSO (2006) Zambia Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, 2004, Lusaka, Zamstart
Mfune F (2008). Tourism Development in Southern Africa. The Official SADC Trade,
Industry and Investment Review 2007/08, SADC.
The Post (2012) Government Keen to set up financing for youths- Sampa, dated 4th
July 2012,
Lusaka, Zambia
Namwenda Henry (2006) Zambia Youth Perspective, Lusaka, Youth Alive
UNCTAD (2006). Business Linkages Programme Guidelines. United Nations publication.
New York and Geneva.
UNCTAD (2006). Investment Policy Review of Zambia. Strategic Perspectives on FDI and
Diversification. United Nations publication. New York and Geneva
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