underwater sensor [presentation]
TRANSCRIPT
7/23/2019 Underwater Sensor [Presentation]
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Underwater SensorCommunication Systems
Raja Jurdak ([email protected])
Antonio Ruzzelli ([email protected])
Gregory O’Hare ([email protected])
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Outline
=Rationale
=
Existing Solutions
=Project overview
=Benefits to Ireland’s marine sector
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Why Underwater Sensing Systems
= Marine environment remains largely inaccessible= Marine Sensing Application Opportunities
q Environmental monitoringq Scientific data collectionq Underwater exploration
= Underwater communication identified as an existing gap in currentresearch competencies in Ireland (Sea Change, Feb. 2007)
= Existing monitoring strategiesq Surface buoysq Suspension of probesq Underwater cablesq Satellites
= Gaps in state-of-the-art marine monitoring
q Require sensing at multiple spatial and temporal scalesq Equipment, deployment, and maintenance costq Must not interfere with the ambient environment and human activities
(fishing, shipping, etc..)
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Outline
=Rationale
=
Existing Solutions
=Project overview
=Benefits to Ireland’s marine sector
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Existing PlatformsBuoys/Probes
= High temporalgranularity
= Low spatial granularityfor Ireland’s 7,500 km
coastline= Cost limited to initial
deployment and periodicmaintenance
= Interfere with ambientenvironment (marinewildlife, fishing,shipping)
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Research Vessels
= High spatial granularity
= Low temporal granularity
= High collection cost(equipment, manpower,
logistics, etc…)= Does not interfere with
the environment, asvessel presence is onlytransient in theenvironment
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Human Intervention A Recent Example: Tolka River
= Reports by local fishermanin July 2005 on poor qualitydischarge of effluent andfish kill
= Response processq Inspectors on sceneq Collection of water samplesq Laboratory Analysisq Several subsequent visits
= Low spatial granularity=
Low temporal granularity= High personnel cost= Does not interfere with
environment
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Underwater SensorCommunication Systems
=Dense network of in-situ sensor nodes in thewater qWireless acoustic communicationq High spatial and temporal granularityq Low transmission power >> Minimal interference
with evironment=Problem: Current acoustic communication
hardware cost is prohibitive>> Develop acoustic communication system
based on generic acoustic hardware(microphones and speakers) that are built-into sensor modules
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Underwater Sensor NetworksNovel Features
=Use off-the shelf sensor modules
=Develop software modemsqComplement module acoustic hardware
qEnable modules to communicateunderwater
= Cost-effective underwater sensingqLow cost per node
qNo maintenance costs
qNo personnel costs
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
A Comparison
Low
High
Low
Low
HumanIntervention
Low
High
High
Low
Satellites
LowHighModerateCost
LowLowHighInterferencewithenvironment
HighLowHighTemporalGranularity
HighHighLowSpatialGranularity
SensorNetworks
ResearchVessels
Buoys/Probes
Platform
Metric
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Project OverviewUnderwater Network Architecture
Underwater sensor nodes
Surface Buoy
BroadbandRadioConnection
To Internet
datarepository
Wirelessacoustic
links
Interactive Maps
Query and Download tools
Deploy sensor nodes in bay for environmental monitoring• Dense deployment
• Modules periodically collect environmental data,communicate the data through multi-hop wireless links toaggregation point• Aggregation point forwards data to central server for storageand disseminations
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Project OverviewIntegration with Smart Bay
datarepository
Interactive Maps
Query and Download tools
Deploy sensor nodes in bay for environmental monitoring• Dense deployment
• Modules periodically collect environmental data,communicate the data through multi-hop wireless links toaggregation point• Aggregation point forwards data to central server for storageand disseminations
Underwatersensor nodes
Wirelessacousticlinks
Underwatercable
Aggregationpoint
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
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Project OverviewTarget Platform
= Off-the-shelf sensor modules for aircommunications
= Project focusq Develop the software to enable wireless
underwater acoustic communicationthrough generic acoustic hardware♦
Software modem♦ Protocols♦ Applications
= Platform cost/unitq Currently US $80-$200q Expected to drop below $10/unit in next
5 years
= Currently working together with Tyndallto create underwater-ready motes withoptimized features
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Project OverviewResearch Challenges
=Software modemq Signal design and processingq SynchronizationqModulation and demodulation
=Communication protocolsq Efficient medium access controlq Effective data routing
= Application
q Support configurable operation= In-the-water testing required at all stages of
the project development
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Data Communication
0
20
40
60
80
100
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17
Distance (m)
S y m b o l s R e c e i v e d ( % )
6bps 12bps 24bps 48bps
•Experiments with Tmote Invent
Modules/On-board microphone/On-board speaker inside latex membrane
•Evaluate acoustic communication
capability of software modem+Tmote
hardware
2 4 6 8 10 12
x 104
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Symbol Synchronization=
Measurements in the River Dodder q Strong currents
q Wildlife (ducks)
q Vegetation and floating objects
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 3 6 9 12 1 5
distance (m)
s y n c h r o n i z a t i o n s h i f t ( m s e c
)
RiverDodder 7m
15m
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Underwater Sensor NetworksSynergy with Marine Sector Development
=Future workq Prototype network deployment
q Communication protocol stack development
q Application development
=Complement existing monitoring systems=Our contribution: underwater
communication and networking with sensormodulesq
Higher spatial and temporal granularityq Flexible and low interference solutionq Unattended in-situ operationq Affordable and easily-deployable
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This material is based upon work supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. 03/IN3/1361
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
Related Publications
= R. Jurdak, A. G. Ruzzelli, G.M.P. O’Hare, and C. V. Lopes. “Reliable SymbolSynchronization in Acoustic Sensor Networks,” Submitted to IEEE GlobeCom.
March, 2007.= R. Jurdak, P. M. Q. Aguiar, P. Baldi, and C. V. Lopes. “Software Modems for
Underwater Sensor Networks,” To appear at IEEE/OES Oceans’07. Aberdeen,Scotland. June, 2007.
= R. Jurdak, P. M.Q. Aguiar, P. Baldi, and C.V. Lopes. “Software Acoustic
Modems for Underwater Sensor Networks,” Submitted to IEEE Journal onOceanic Engineering. November, 2006.
= R. Jurdak, C.V. Lopes, P. M. Q. Aguiar, and P. Baldi. “A Comparative Analysisand Experimental Study on Wireless Aerial and Underwater AcousticCommunications,” In Proc. IEEE International Conference on DigitalTelecommunications (ICDT). Cap Esterel, France. August, 2006.
= R. Jurdak, C.V. Lopes, and P. Baldi. “Software Acoustic Modems for ShortRange Mote-based Underwater Sensor Networks,” In proc. of IEEE Oceans –
Asia Pacific. Singapore. May, 2006.= R. Jurdak, C. V. Lopes and P. Baldi. “Battery Lifetime Estimation andOptimization for Underwater Sensor Networks” In Sensor Network Operations,published by Wiley-IEEE Press, edited by Shashi Phoha, Thomas F. La Portaand Christopher Griffin. pp. 397-420. ISBN: 0-471-71976-5. May, 2006.