understanding teams

8/21/2019 Understanding Teams

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UNDERSTANDING

WORK TEAMS

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WHY HAVE TEAMS

BECOME SO POPULARTeams typically outperform individuals.

Teams use employee talents better.

Teams are more flexible and responsive to changes in the

environment.

Teams facilitate employee involvement.

Teams are an effective way to democratize and organization

and increase motivation.


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TEAM VERSUS GROUP: WHAT’S THE

DIFFERENCE

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Work Group

A group that interacts primarilyto share information and tomake decisions to help each

group member perform withinhis or her area of responsibility.

Work Team

A group whose individual effortsresult in a performance that isgreater than the sum of theindividual inputs.


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COMPARING WORK GROUPS AND

WORK TEAMS

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E X H I B I T 9 –

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TYPES OF TEAMS

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Problem-Solving Teams

Groups of 5 to 12 employees from thesame department who meet for a fewhours each week to discuss ways of

improving quality, efficiency, and thework environment.

Self-Managed Work Teams

Groups of 10 to 15 people who takeon the responsibilities of their formersupervisors.


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TYPES OF TEAMS (CONT’D)

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• Task forces

• Committees

Cross-Functional Teams

Employees from about the same hierarchical level,but from different work areas, who come together toaccomplish a task.


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TYPES OF TEAMS (CONT’D)

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Team Characteristics

1. The absence of paraverbal and nonverbal cues

2. A limited social context

3. The ability to overcome time and space constraints

Virtual Teams

Teams that use computertechnology to tie togetherphysically dispersed

members in order toachieve a common goal.


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A TEAM-

EFFECTIVENESSMODEL

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E X H I B I T 9 –

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CREATING EFFECTIVE TEAMS

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CREATING EFFECTIVE

TEAMS (CONT’D)

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KEY ROLES OF TEAMS

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(CONT’D)

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(CONT’D)

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EFFECTS OF GROUP PROCESSES

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CREATING EFFECTIVE TEAMS: DIVERSITY

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Group Demography

The degree to which members of a group share acommon demographic attribute, such as age, sex,race, educational level, or length of service in the

organization, and the impact of this attribute onturnover.

Cohorts

Individuals who, as part ofa group, hold a commonattribute.


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TURNING INDIVIDUALS INTO TEAM

PLAYERS

The Challenges

• Overcoming individual resistance to team membership.

• Countering the influence of individualistic cultures.

• Introducing teams in an organization that has historically

valued individual achievement.

Shaping Team Players

• Selecting employees who can fulfill their team roles.

• Training employees to become team players.

• Reworking the reward system to encourage cooperative

efforts while continuing to recognize individual contributions.

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TEAMS AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Team Effectiveness and Quality Management Requires That

Teams:

1. Are small enough to be efficient and effective.

2. Are properly trained in required skills.

3. Allocated enough time to work on problems.

4. Are given authority to resolve problems and take

corrective action.

5. Have a designated “champion” to call on when needed.

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BEWARE: TEAMS AREN’T ALWAYS

THE ANSWER

Three tests to see if a team fits the situation:

• Is the work complex and is there a need for different

perspectives?

• Does the work create a common purpose or set of goals forthe group that is larger than the aggregate of the goals for

individuals?

• Are members of the group involved in interdependent tasks?

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understanding teams

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