undergraduates in minnesota: who are they and how do they finance their education? tricia grimes...
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Undergraduates in Minnesota: Who are they and how do they finance their education?
Tricia Grimes
Shefali Mehta
Minnesota Office of Higher Education
November 2005
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
2
• What are the characteristics of Minnesota’s undergraduate student population?
• What is the financial situation facing Minnesota’s undergraduates?
– Price of attendance after grants– Annual and cumulative borrowing– Types of loans borrowed
• How do these characteristics differ across sectors?
Policy Questions
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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• National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS) for 2003-2004
• Data was retrieved using the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) online Data Analysis System (DAS) at:
http://www.nces.ed.gov/dasol
Source of Data
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Undergraduate Student Demographics in Minnesota
Demographic Variables Included in the NPSAS Data
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Enrollment by Institutional Sector
Public 4-year, 32%
Private not-for-profit 4-year,
16%
Public 2-year, 41%
Private for-profit, 5%
Others or attended more
than one school, 6%
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Dependency Status by Institutional Sector
Dependent Status of Undergraduates
59%
43%
71% 76%
41%
57%
29% 24%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit4-year
Institutional sector
Dependent Independent
While the public 2-year sector has more independent students, more than 70% of the undergraduates in both 4-year sectors are dependent students.
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Age by Institutional Sector
Age of Undergraduates in Minnesota
64%51%
75% 79%
14%
18%
13% 9%21%
31%
13% 12%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit4-year
Institutional sector
15-23 years old 24-29 years old 30 years old or above
The public 2-year sector has an older population.
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: English is Not the Primary Language
Undergraduates for whom English is not the primary language spoken at home
12% 13% 11% 11%6% 6% 6% 6%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit4-yearInstitutional sector
U.S. Minnesota
In all three sectors, 6% of undergraduates said that they come from homes where English is not the primary language.
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Hours Employed per Week
Hours worked per week by undergraduates in Minnesota
17%
9%
16%
21%
14%
23%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Did not work < 10 hours 10-19 hours 20-29 hours 30-39 hours 40 hours +
Hours worked per week
Total Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit 4-year
Only 17% of Minnesota’s undergraduates report that they do not work. Students at public 2-year institutions work the most hours each week.
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Students with Children by Sector
Undergraduate Students With Children
21%
33%
10% 12%8%
12%
3% 5%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit4-year
Institutional sector
Students with dependent children Single-parent independent students
About 1 out of 5 undergraduates has children.
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Parents’ Educational Attainment
Undergradutes by Their Parents' Educational Attainment
26%36%
19% 17%
31%
35%
32%
20%
41%
27%
47%
62%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit4-year
Institutional sector
No college Some college BA or more
About 1 in 4 undergraduates is the first generation to attend college.
The majority of parents in both 4-year sectors have at least some college.
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Parents’ Place of Birth
Undergradutes by Their Parents' Place of Birth
89% 91% 89% 87%
9% 7% 8% 10%3%3%2%3%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit4-year
Institutional sector
Both parents were born in the US One parent was born in the USBoth parents were not born in the US
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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U.S. and Minnesota: Racial and Ethnic Demographics
Race/ethnicity of undergraduates in the U.S. and Minnesota
63%
14% 13%6%
1% 3%
85%
6%2% 5%
1% 2%0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
White Black orAfrican
American
Hispanic orLatino
Asian AmericanIndian or
Alaska Native
Other, morethan one race
Race and ethnic groups
U.S. Minnesota
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Racial and Ethnic Demographics by Sector
Race/ethnicity of Undergraduates in Minnesota
85%
6%2% 5%
1% 2%0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
White Black orAfrican
American
Hispanic orLatino
Asian AmericanIndian or
Alaska Native
Other, morethan one race
Race and ethnic groups
Total Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit 4-year
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Net Prices for Postsecondary Institutions
Student Budgets and Net Prices (Student Budgets Minus Total Grants) for Full-time, Full-Year Undergraduate Students
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota
Mean Student Budget and Net Prices of Full-Time, Full Year Undergraduate Students
$16,700 $16,300$18,100
$19,800
$15,900 $16,000$14,200
$10,300$12,200
$14,900$17,800
$12,200 $13,400 $12,300
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
< $30,000 $30,000-$59,999
$60,000-$89,999
$90,000 + < $20,000 $20,000-$39,999
$40,000+
Average student budget Average net price
------------Dependent students' parents' income------------ Independent students' income
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Public Four-Year Institutions
Mean Student Budget and Net Prices of Full-Time, Full Year Dependent Undergraduate Students in the Public 4-Year Sector
$13,600 $13,500$14,300
$14,500
$8,950$11,100
$13,500 $13,900
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
< $30,000 $30,000-$59,999 $60,000-$89,999 $90,000 +
Dependent students' parents' income
Average student budget Average net price
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Public Two-Year Institutions
Mean Student Budget and Net Prices of Full-Time, Full Year Undergraduate Students in the Public 2-Year Sector
$12,600 $12,900$14,300
$14,800$14,700 $15,200 $14,000
$9,190$11,300
$13,600 $14,300$11,200
$13,000 $12,100
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
< $30,000 $30,000-$59,999
$60,000-$89,999
$90,000 + < $20,000 $20,000-$39,999
$40,000+
Average student budget Average net price
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Private Not-for-Profit Four-Year Instit.
Mean Student Budget and Net Prices of Full-Time, Full Year Dependent Undergraduate Students in the Private Not-For-Profit 4-Year Sector
$29,400$27,100$27,800$28,300
$14,600 $15,800$18,000
$24,600
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
< $30,000 $30,000-$59,999 $60,000-$89,999 $90,000 +
Dependent students' parents' income
Average student budget Average net price
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Annual Borrowing
Average Annual Borrowing by Undergraduates
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Public 4-Year Sector
Average annual borrowing for full-time, full year undergraduates by year of enrollment in the Minnesota public 4-year sector
$6,370$5,830
$6,940 $6,850
71% 69%
89%
77%
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Average loan Percent who borrowed
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Private Not-For-Profit 4-Year Sector
Average annual borrowing for full-time, full year undergraduates by year of enrollment in the Minnesota private nfp 4-year sector
$6,940
$8,250$7,040
$8,920
77% 79%
63%
76%
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Average loan Percent who borrowed
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Percent of full-time, full year students borrowing loans by institutional sector
38%
17%
48%
37%
52%
53%
8%
0%
1%
16%
1%
7%
3%
6%
19%
14%
23%
44%
27%
32%
29%
12%
25%14%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
MN
U.S.
MN
U.S.
MN
U.S.
Stafford subsidized Stafford unsubsidized State loans Private (alternative) loans
Pu
bli
c 2-
year
P
ub
lic
4-ye
ar
P
riva
te n
ot-
for-
pro
fit
4-ye
ar
U.S. and Minnesota: Type of Loans Borrowed
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Percent of full-time, full year dependent students borrowing in MN (2000)
70%
50%
35%
9%10% 8%4%
11%
26%
12%12%
32%
19%13%
6%
17%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
< $30,000 $30,000-$59,999 $60,000-$89,999 $90,000 +
Stafford subsidized Stafford unsubsidized Private loans State loans
Minnesota: Borrowing in 2000
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Percent of full-time, full year dependent students borrowing in MN (2004)
53%
60%
49%
14%11% 11%
15%12%
23%18%
5%
32%
44%
18% 18%21%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
< $30,000 $30,000-$59,999 $60,000-$89,999 $90,000 +
Stafford subsidized Stafford unsubsidized Private loans State loans
Minnesota: Borrowing in 2004
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: Types of Loans Borrowed by Sector
Percent of Full-time, Full Year Students Borrowing Loans
44%
38%
48%52%
16%
8%
16%12%
7%
19%23%
32%
44%
32%
25%
14%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Total for all sectors Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit 4-year
Stafford subsidized Stafford unsubsidized State loans Private (alternative) loans
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Private Loans Borrowed by Full-time, Full year Students
$6,200$5,600
$8,440
$4,110
12%7%
14%19%
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
Total for all sectors Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit4-year
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Average private loan amounts Percent who borrowed private loans
Minnesota: Private Loans Borrowed by Sector
About 20% of undergraduates in the private not-for-profit 4-year sector borrow private loans.
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota: State Loans Borrowed by Sector
State Loans Borrowed by Full-time, Full Year Students
$3,830$3,620
$4,680
$3,470
16%
8%
25%
16%
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
Total for all sectors Public 2-year Public 4-year Private not-for-profit4-year
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%Average state loan amounts Percent who borrowed state loans
25% of undergraduates in the public 4-year sector borrow state loans.
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Cumulative Borrowing
Cumulative Borrowing by Graduating Seniors
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Cumulative Borrowing for Graduating Seniors Attending Postsecondary Institutions
$17,900 $16,900 $18,200 $17,800$21,600 $21,000 $19,400
72%68%
64%
76%72%
57%53%
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
< $30,000 $30,000-$59,999
$60,000-$89,999
$90,000+ < $20,000 $20,000-$39,999
$40,000+
Tota
l loa
n am
ount
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Average borrowed Percent who borrowed
----------Dependent students' parents' income----------- ------Independent students' income-----
National Data
More than half of the students in the highest income category borrow.
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota
Cumulative Borrowing for Graduating Seniors
$20,300$22,200 $21,300 $20,400
$17,300
76%72%
89%
65%
80%
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
Total Under $30,000 $30,000-$59,999 $60,000-$89,999 $90,000 and above
Income categories
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Average borrowed Percent who borrowed
The majority graduate with an average of $20,000 in loans.
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Summary
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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• The NPSAS data provides some previously unavailable data.
• The data has limitations, such as small sample sizes for some areas, which can lead to large standard errors and statistically insignificant estimates.
• However, the NPSAS data provides much valuable information and increases the understanding of several key variables
Summary
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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– The net prices faced by those in the lower income groups are a substantial share of their incomes.
– A large number of students borrow as undergraduates, even those in the highest income category ($90,000+).
– Within each sector, the total amounts borrowed do not vary across the income categories.
Summary: Observations
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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• Data can be retrieved from the website:
http://www.nces.ed.gov/dasol
• For tutorials and technical assistance:
http://nces.ed.gov/dasol/help/
• For help with tables:
http://www.nces.ed.gov/dasol/help/tables.asp
Retrieving NPSAS Data
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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Minnesota Information from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study 2003-2004
Percent of undergraduates with selected characteristics, by institutional sector
Total Public Four-Year
National Minnesota National Minnesota
Percent of undergraduates who:
Were Dependent Students 50% 59% 66% 71%
Lived on campus 14% 20% 25% 31%
Lived with parents 24% 15% 20% 8%
Were 30 years old or older 26% 21% 13% 13%
Were married 21% 21% 14% 12%
Had children 25% 21% 13% 10%
Were single parents 13% 8% 6% 4%
Reported a disability 11% 9% 10% 7%
Were first generation to attend college 34% 26% 26% 19%
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
Large Table with Socioeconomic Characteristics
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November 2005 Minnesota Office of Higher Education, Data Source: NCES NPSAS, 2003-2004
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If you have questions or comments, please contact
– Tricia Grimes ([email protected])
OR
– Shefali Mehta ([email protected])
Further Information