undergraduate thesis the unfinished extradition …thesis.umy.ac.id/datapublik/t81169.pdfiii...
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UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
THE UNFINISHED EXTRADITION TREATY BETWEEN INDONESIA
AND SINGAPORE
(2007-2012)
Presented as partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Sarjana Ilmu
Politik (S.IP) in the Department of International Relations, Social and Political
Sciences Faculty, University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Written by:
Arselma Trus’tee Audrey
20110510119
Department of International Relations
Faculty of Social and Political Science
Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
2016
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ENDORSEMENT PAGE
This undergraduate thesis entitled:
THE UNFINISHED EXTRADITION TREATY BETWEEN INDONESIA AND
SINGAPORE (2007-2012)
Written by:
ARSELMA TRUS’TEE AUDREY
(20110510119)
This undergraduate thesis has been examined and endorsed by the Board of
Examiners from the Department of International program of International
Relations, Social and Political Sciences Faculty, University Muhammadiyah
Yogyakarta On:
Day / Date: Wednesday / December 30, 2015
Time: 08.00
Place: Ruang Sidang Fisipol
Acknowledged by,
Grace Lestariana W. S.IP, M.Si.
Advisor / Chairman of Board Examiners
Ali Muhammad, M.A., Ph.D
Examiner I
Adde Marup Wirasenjaya, S.IP,
M.A.
Examiner II
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STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that to the best of my knowledge, the content of this thesis is my
own work. This Thesis has not been submitted for any degree or other purposes.
I certify that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work
and that all the assistance received in preparing this thesis and sources have been
acknowledged.
Yogyakarta, January 3rd, 2016
Arselma Trus’tee Audrey
iv
“
”
v
This Undergraduate Thesis is dedicated to:
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It’s been a long journey for me to complete my undergraduate thesis and in the
process I would like to thank the important figures that have helped me in writing
this undergraduate thesis and have put the effort to help me to get through this
phase. I would like to thank,
Mrs. Grace Lestariana S.IP, M.Si as my advisor that have helped me a lot, so
much, give me confidence to write and complete my undergraduate thesis as good
as possible for more than a year, I can finally complete and get through this phase
Mr. Ali Muhammad M.A., Ph.D and Mr. Adde Marup Wirasenjaya S.IP,
M.A. as my examiners that also have helped me to improve and complete my
undergraduate thesis.
Mrs. Sitta Zumalla S. Ant as my Language Consultant that have patiently helped
me to make this writing as a beautiful writing, to make this writing is correct in
the term of grammar and is written in better language, easier to understand.
vii
EXTENDED GRATITUDE
Many people has not only helped but also motivated me in finishing this
undergraduate thesis, I would like to thank:
1. HS, de persoon die altijd naast me, helpt me om mijn probleem te
overwinnen, me motiveren om mijn scriptie te voltooien, helpen me
letterlijk in het proces van het schrijven, begeleiden mij in mijn reis voor
meer dan afgelopen 2 jaar onvoorwaardelijk van mij houdt. Ik weet niet of
ik zal klaar zijn met mijn schrijven als het was zonder hem. Dank u voor
altijd bij me.
2. Meyda Bestari my best friend that has always helping me since the
beginning with assignments and others, without hesitation.
3. Pramaditya Dewi Sekartaji for helping me with one of the theory that I use
in writing this thesis. Well, I have to write your name here even though it
is awkward.
4. Rayhana Fajria for patiently helping me with practicing Qur’an reading,
one thing that I always worry in the process of finishing my study.
5. Fatimah Artayu , Ditto Reyza, Maylita Kusuma and Mira Dewi that have
become my best friends also in living the live inside and outside college.
6. My beloved 7Wonders; Arin, Sekar, Dina, Bibie, Epik, Yani that have
always been my best friends also since our time in Senior High School,
friends that always supports me in up and down.
7. All of my friends in International Class batch 2011 class I, we have fought
together since the beginning, now it is time for us to make our fights were
not in vain.
8. All of my friends in Chelsea Indonesia Supporters Club Regional
Jogjakarta, as a second family for me, have become a place for me to
throw away my stress and make it easier for me to go through further.
9. Mrs. Linda Quayle, because without her I’m sure that I would have not
write this thesis, thank you for the assignment in South East Asia class,
thank you for what you have thought to me and thank you for motivating
me that you are sure I can do it.
10. Mrs. Atik, that have provided some important information related to the
thesis writing.
11. Mr. Waluyo that have helped me a lot in the process of the examination for
my undergraduate thesis.
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12. My weird pal, Maria Lee as a friend that always listening to my stories no
matter how weird it might be, for always motivating me.
13. To all my lecturers since the 1st semester until the last theoretical semester
that have taught me a lot of knowledge that I am sure will be beneficial for
my future. Especially Mr. TKH for the very important lesson.
14. My big family that always bothering me with the question “kapan lulus?
kapan wisuda?” so it becomes a big motivation for me to finish my
undergraduate thesis as soon as possible.
15. All of my friends, colleague that have parts in my journey in college that I
cannot mention one by one.
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ABSTRACT
This article aims to analyze the reason behind the unfinished extradition
treaty between Indonesia and Singapore. The author argues that the extradition
treaty is not finished yet as the Legislative of Republic Indonesia cannot agree on
the Defence Cooperation Agreement (DCA) which is included in the Extradition
Treaty. This research has shown that the reason behind the Legislative’s
disagreement is the contents in the DCA, which is according to the Legislative,
potentially violating the sovereignty of Indonesia. The author use the Graham
Allison’s Bureaucratic Politics model to identify how the Legislative
disagreement can cause the unfinished Extradition Treaty. This research has
applied such approach to analyze the problem in the process of the Extradition
Treaty between Indonesia and Singapore.
Keywords: Extradition Treaty, Indonesia, Singapore, DCA
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Table of Contents
COVER PAGE ............................................................................................................. i
ENDORSEMENT PAGE ........................................................................................... ii
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ......................................................................... iii
DEDICATION PAGE: ............................................................................................... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................... vi
EXTENDED GRATITUDE ..................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................ x
LIST OF TABLE ...................................................................................................... xii
GLOSSARYUM ....................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I: PRELIMINARY ................................................................................. 1
A. Background .................................................................................................. 2
B. Research Question ........................................................................................ 7
C. Theoretical Frameworks............................................................................... 7
Concept of Foreign Policy ............................................................................... 8
Perception Theory............................................................................................ 9
Governmental Politics Model (Bureaucratic Politics Models) ..................... 13
D. Hypothesis .................................................................................................. 18
E. Objective of The Research ......................................................................... 18
F. Range of The Research .............................................................................. 18
G. Methods of Writing .................................................................................... 19
H. Systematic Writing ..................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER II: EXTRADITION .............................................................................. 21
A. Extradition Treaty ...................................................................................... 22
A.1 Definition of Extradition Treaty .............................................................. 22
A.2 Elements of Extradition Treaty................................................................ 25
A.3 The Kinds of Extradition ......................................................................... 28
A.4 The System of Criminal Arrangement ..................................................... 30
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A.5 Principles of Extradition ......................................................................... 33
B. The Background of Indonesia in Extradition Treaty negotiation............... 36
C. Diplomatic Efforts from Indonesia ............................................................ 40
CHAPTER III: INDONESIA AS ONE OF THE MAIN ACTORS IN THE
EXTRADITION TREATY NEGOTIATIONS ...................................................... 48
The History of Indonesia…………………………………………………………49
A.1 The Political System of Indonesia ........................................................... 51
A.2 The Foreign Policy of Indonesia ............................................................ 59
The Foreign Policy of Indonesia 2007-2012 ..................................................... 62
The Objectives of Foreign Policy ...................................................................... 64
Indonesia – Singapore Bilateral Relations ........................................................ 66
Bilateral Economic Relations ........................................................................ 67
Military Cooperation ..................................................................................... 74
CHAPTER IV: THE PROCESS OF RATIFICATION AND COMPETING
PERSPECTIVE BETWEEN THE LEGISLATIVE AND THE EXECUTIVE .. 78
A. The Signing of Extradition Treaty ............................................................. 81
B. Ratification Process .................................................................................... 83
C. The Difference of Perspective .................................................................... 88
The Legislative Point of View ........................................................................ 88
The Executive Point of View .......................................................................... 94
Other Views.................................................................................................... 95
Disagreement Between the Legislative and Executive ..................................... 98
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION .............................................................................. 102
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 109
ATTACHMENTS ................................................................................................... 117
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LIST OF TABLE
Table 1 : The Scheme of Procedures of International Bilateral Treaty
Making
Table 2 : Corruption Index by PERC
Table 3 : The Consideration of the Decision Maker
xiii
GLOSSARYUM
ASEAN : Association of Shout East Asia Nation
BLBI : Bantuan Likuiditas Bank Indonesia
BPD : Bintang Pelopor Demokrasi
DCA : Defence Cooperation Agreement
IE : International Enterprises
MTA : Military Training Area
NAM : Non-Aligned Movement
PAN : Partai Amanat Nasional
PBR : Partai Bintang Reformasi
PD : Partai Demokrat
PDIP : Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan
PERC : Political and Economic Risk Consultancy
PKB : Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa
PKS : Partai Keadilan Sejahtera
PPP : Partai Persatuan Pembangunan
RAM : Rational Actor Model
RSAF : Republic of Singapore Air Force
TNI AU : Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Udara
UN : United Nations
UNCAC : United Nations Convention against Corruption
WGAC : Working Group on Anti-Corruption