unclassified somali piracy overview brief - transec sept 2010
TRANSCRIPT
Somali Piracy Update - Sept 2010
Piracy in the Horn of Africa
NATO UNCLASSIFIED
Pirates take advantage of
Somalia Instability
• No effective central
government
• No effective rule of law
• Civil War since 1991
• Ruled by War Lords and
Elders
• Al Shabaab “AQ”-inspired
Insurgency
• Clan vice State loyalties
• Poverty / Famine
• Pirates operate in space
between anarchy and
established rule of law
Daarood
Hawiye
Roots of the Piracy Problem
Galmudug
Coast
Garacad
Harardheere
Hobyo
GoA Backdrop: Fishing & Local Commerce
Human Migrant Ferry
Legitimate Fishing Activity
Human Migrants & Smuggling
Migrant Smuggling Yemeni-type skiff
Twin outboards
one in use
Flag markers
for fishing netFlag markers
for fishing net
Fishing Activity from Yemeni skiff
Twin outboards
one in use
How They Target: Pirate Attack Skiffs (Puntland, Darod)
Boarding ladder
Yemeni-type
Yemeni-type
length 12-14 m
Wooden construction
Sleek with pointed bow
Fibre-glass
Length 6-8 mSomali-type
How They Target: Pirate Equipment / Weapons
01 Oct 08
What They Target: Damage from Small Arms/RPG
Who They TargetHigh Risk Vessel
• Max speed less than 15 knots
• Freeboard lower than 6 meters
• Day time transit
• Complacent & Compliant crew
• No Defensive Measures taken
Low Risk Vessel
• Max Speed greater than 15 knots
• Freeboard higher than 6 meters
• Night time transit
• Vigilant crew
• Defensive Measures taken
Rules are Different in Somali Basin
& where CP Forces are Thin
Pirate Tactics: Darood Clan
Operate mostly in Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea & Northern Basin
3-4 day ops unless using pirated dhow, then 3-4 weeks possible
Typically 1-2 Skiffs leave north Puntland coast with 5-9 armed pirates
Drift & wait for targets of opportunity – initially in IRTC, may continue north towards Yemen
Pirates take advantage of vessels not following best management practice
If successful, take vessel to east coast anchorage (Garacad)
Darood clan pirates also take dhows IVO Kismayo
Some use of Whalers for range extension reported
Piracy Incidents Gulf of Aden/Arabian SeaFeb 2008 - July 2010
Legend
Pirated
Attacked
10N
15N
50E 60E
Areas of Expansion in Somali Pirate Activity: Late-2009 - July 2010
Growing Piracy Incidents in Red Sea/Bab el Mandeb
ESG EXPLORER
03 AUG 09
BUM YOUNG
07 JUN 10
BSLE TERESA
18 JUN 10
STOLT STRENGTH
31 MAY 09
AL MASILAH
24 APR 10
ELLENITA
21 JUN 10
MOTIVATOR
04 JUL10
A ELEPHANT
13 JUL 09
BAM SRS Backdrop
OSCAR AUSTIN July 2010
Southern Red Sea
PARRAMATA July 2010
Southern Red Sea
Florescent Lighting
Generator
Pirate Tactics: Hawiye Clan
Operate in larger area for longer periods (3-4 weeks)
Travel out 900+ NM
Now rely on large open Mother-Skiffs (whalers) rather than mother-ships as floating logistics base; tow 2 x Attack Skiffs in trail to conduct attack
Can maintain attacks for hours
Ops launched primarily from central coast bases but also out of Mogadishu & possibly further south to Kismayo
Primary bases – Hobyo & Harardheere
Reduced coalition presence allows for longer attacks
Pirated ships taken to central east coast Anchorages
Recent
Attacks/Pirating
Anchorage areas
Mogadishu
Harardheere
Hobyo
Piracy Incidents Horn of Africa – Somali BasinFeb 2008 - July 2010
Legend
Pirated
Attacked
50E 65E
05N
05S
Areas of
Expansion in
Somali Pirate
Activity:
Somali Basin,
Arabian Sea &
Indian Ocean (Late-09–Jul 10)
Location of Pirated Vessels July 2010
Border according to Puntland
Border according to Somaliland
Disputed Area
Bender Beila
Xabo/
Caluula
BoosaasoLas Koreh/
Cape Gacaan
Eyl
Garacad
Harardheere
Hobyo
RAK AFRIKANA
Daarood Clan Pirate Network
Hawiye Clan Pirate Network
10N
50E 51E
6N
Bargaal
SAMHO DREAM
AL NISR AL SAUDI
JIH CHUN TSAI 68
MARIDA MARGUERITE
PANEGA
PRANTALAY 11
PRANTALAY 12
PRANTALAY 14
FRIGIA
VOC DAISY
ELENI P
ICEBERG 1
TAI YUAN 227
GOLDEN
BLESSING
MOTIVATOR
Vessels Held for Ransom – Sept 2010AL NISR AL SAUDI ICEBERG 1
JIH CHUN TSAI No. 68 FRIGIA
ELENI PMARIDA MARGUERITE PRANTALAY 11,12,14
VOC DAISYSAMHO DREAM
PANEGA
TAI YUAN 227
RAK AFRICANA