SREEJITH ADUKADUKKAM VEETTIL &MUHAMMED FAYIZ KARIYATTUCHALIL

WHAT IS THE UNO ?WHAT IS THE UNO ?

The UN is an international organization The UN is an international organization that aims to promote peace and that aims to promote peace and understanding between nations.understanding between nations.

The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of

Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for

dialogue. It contains multiple subsidiary organizations to carry out its dialogue. It contains multiple subsidiary organizations to carry out its missions.missions.

UN HEADQUARTERS:-The permanent headquarters of the UN since 1952, are New York.

The first meeting of the General Assembly was held here in October 1952.

UN FLAG:-

UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS

UN OFFICIAL LANGUAGES:-There are six official working languages recognised by the United

Nations.They are Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish and Arabic.

UN FINANCES:-Contributions of member states constitute the main source of funds

for theregular budget. A state’s share is primarily determined by its total

nationalincome in relation to that of the member states.

MEMBERSHIP:-Membership of the United Nations is open to all peace loving

nations whichaccept the obligations of its charter and in the judgement of the

organization,are able and willing to carry out these obligations. Members may

be suspended or expelled by the General Assembly on the

recommendation of the Security Council.

11) Maintain international peace and security.) Maintain international peace and security.

2)2)Developed friendly relations among nations. Developed friendly relations among nations. 3) Cooperate in solving international, 3) Cooperate in solving international,

economic, social, cultural and humanitarian economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems.problems.

4) and to be a centre for harmonizing the 4) and to be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.actions of nations.

PRINCIPLES OF UNPRINCIPLES OF UN

1. It is based on the sovereign equality of all its members.2. All members are to fulfill in faith their charter

obligations.3. To settle their international disputes by peace.4. To refrain from the threat or use of force against other state.5. To give the United Nations every assistance in every action it takes in accordance with the charter.6. Nothing in the charter is to authorize the United

Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the

domestic jurisdiction of any state.

1. It is based on the sovereign equality of all its members.2. All members are to fulfill in faith their charter

obligations.3. To settle their international disputes by peace.4. To refrain from the threat or use of force against other state.5. To give the United Nations every assistance in every action it takes in accordance with the charter.6. Nothing in the charter is to authorize the United

Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the

domestic jurisdiction of any state.

The organization is divided The organization is divided into administrative bodies, into administrative bodies,

including theincluding the 1) General Assembly,1) General Assembly, 2) Security Council,2) Security Council, 3) Economic and Social 3) Economic and Social Council,Council,

4) International Court of4) International Court of JusticJusticee

5) 5) Trusteeship councilTrusteeship council 6) 6) SecretariatSecretariat

Various Agencies of UNWorld Health Organization(WHO), United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF)United Nations Educational, Scientific

and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)International Labour Organization(ILO) World Bank Group(WB)International Monetary Fund(IMF)World Trade Organization (WTO)

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•Assurance of Peace

•Protection of Human Rights

•Economic and Social Development

•Environmental Protection

Role of the UN

70 YEARS OF UN PEACEKEEPINGToday, peace and security are not longer viewed only in terms of

absence of

military conflicts but the common interests of human- kind. Over the years the

General Assembly has helped to promote peaceful relations among nations by

adopting several resolutions and declarations on peace, the peaceful

settlement of disputes and international cooperation in strengthening peace.

UN played effective peace making role in Afghanistan, Somalia, crisis in

former Yugoslav Republics, Kosovo, Middle East (Arabs, Israel conflict),

Angola, Congo, Rwanda, and in Gulf crisis.

it guarantees six it guarantees six fundamental rights:-fundamental rights:-

1) Right to equality. 1) Right to equality. 2) Right to freedom.2) Right to freedom.3) Right against exploitation3) Right against exploitation4) Right to freedom of religion4) Right to freedom of religion5) Cultural and educational rights5) Cultural and educational rights6) Right to constitutional remedies6) Right to constitutional remedies

UNCITRAL

The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL),

established by the United Nations General Assembly

It is the core legal body of the United Nations system in the field of international trade law.

In order to increase commercial trade opportunities worldwide, UNCITRAL is formulating modern, fair, and harmonized rules on commercial transactions

Its responsibilities include preparing and promoting the use and adoption of legislative and non-legislative instruments in a number of key areas of commercial law.

Those areas include dispute resolution, international contract practices, transport, insolvency, electronic commerce, international payments, secured transactions, procurement and sale of goods

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Period of 1970s-1980s

Securing Peace: UN failed in a series of peace keeping missions

A period of deep crisis, UN failed to prevent conflicts or find solutions to conflicts in Nicaragua, West Sahara, Cambodia, Afghanistan, and Iran-Iraq war

Thanks for your listening!Thanks for your listening!

SREEJITH ADUKADUKKAMVEETIL &

MUHAMMED FAYIZ KARIYATTUCHALIL