udc inspector training

7/30/2019 UDC Inspector Training

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UDC Inspector Seminar

2007 Understanding

Manufactured HomeInstallation Standards


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Presenter Ross KinzlerExecutive Director of Wisconsin Housing

Alliance

Presenter Mike Zenner

Inspection Services


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Ross KinzlerWith MH industry since 1989

Chief lobbyist for the industry


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Mike ZennerOver 35 years of manufactured housing

experience

Wick Quality Control

Currently Inspection ServicesAC inspections under the HUD Code

UDC Construction and other creditials


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What were going to learnBasics of the HUD Code

Installation standard for existing homes

New HUD Installation Standard

New licensing law for installers


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Whats in your book? Key to the Code

Did you know?

Commerce contacts

Web links

Older home installation standard info

Licensing info

New installation standard Resources


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Whats What

Home is covered by HUD Code which preemptsstate and local law

New installation standards preempt localordinances just like the UDC

Pier installation standards are now a part of theUDC

Watch out for places where codes interface

Understanding the HUD Code
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What is the TimelineSept to March training installers

Jan 1licensing in effect

Jan to April training inspectors

April 1 new code effective and inspectionsbegin

Inspectors may not be employees of homemanufacturer, a salesperson involved in the saleor an installer involved with the particular home


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Critical WebsitesSee page 6


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LicensingTrigger is installing a home on a foundation

Anchoring no

Grading no

Excavation no

Pouring basement no

The person supervising the home going on thefoundation - yes


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LicensingGeneral supervision the installer does not

need to be on the job site

Homeowner is exempt from licensing but if

people help and would otherwise need alicense they must be licensed


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Licensing of InstallersQualifications

18 years oldNot been found responsible in any court or agency

hearing of a violation of the installation law during prior2 years

Not been found responsible in any court or agencyhearing for failure to perform under installation contractor defrauding a person in the provision of installationservices


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Application for Installers License$100 license fee plus one time $10 application

fee for 4 year license

Take 12 hour qualifying class & pass exam

Unless application made by June 1 Have installed 10 or more

homes personally


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RenewalRenewal requires 12 hours of continuing

education over the 4 year period

Also must not have been found responsible for

breaking the rule or defrauding a customer


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Wisconsin Installation StandardAct 45 authorized Commerce to adopt standard

Manufactured Housing Code Council -recommended rule adopted draft federal rule

Council is attached to the Dept of CommercePublished in Administrative Register


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Comm 21.40Formerly Comm 27.18

Now a part of the UDC

Applies to homes built before April 1, 2007


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Comm 21.40 No footing on unprepared fill. All organic

matter must be removed.

Soil bearing test using pocket penetrometer

Grade site to drain water away for minimumof 5 ft from home

A footing for every pier, nominal 16 by 16

Consult others if soil is less than 2000 psi


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Comm 21.40 Footings A. one 4 by 16 by 16 solid blocks or two 4 by

8 by 16 solid blocks.

B. 16 by 16 ABS pad rated at not less than

6000 lbs C. 18 inch diameter hole bored below the

frost line or to unfractured bedrock and filledwith poured concrete

D. Other materials or systems approved byCommerce


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Comm 21.40 Piers Concrete blocks, manufactured steel stands

or manufactured concrete stands

Single stack piers limited to 36 inches

Single stack piers loads limited to 8,000 lbs 36 to 80 inch piers double blocked (layered

in opposing layers)

80 inch or more double blocked laid inconcrete mortar, cores filled with mortar and inch steel reinforcing rod


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Comm 21.40 Concrete Blocks 2 core design, construction grade 8x8x16

Cores placed with cores open vertically

Block nearest main frame shall be

perpendicular to the linear direction of frame No block may contact the frame


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Comm 21.40 Pier Spacing No more than 7 feet on center

No more than 3 feet from exterior side ofeach end wall

Can be varied to follow manufacturer tables Piers under clear-span openings of 4 feet or

more in mating walls

Piers must be plumb and centered underpoint of support


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Comm 21.40 - Caps Solid concrete block or solid wood block

having nominal thickness of at least 2 inches

Cap must be same width and length as top

of pier No more than 2 pieces 2 piece caps

positioned with joint perpendicular to frame ifused


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Comm 21.40 - Shims Where used, driven from opposing sides

and be no less than 4 by 8

Wood caps and shims at least equal to #2

spruce pine fir with min bending stressrating of 1200 psi. All wood caps must beof same species of wood. All shims mustbe of same species of wood.


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Comm 21.40 Height limits Combination of nominal 2 inch solid concrete

block or wood cap plus shims must notexceed 3 inches

Minimum clearance under home of 12 inchesbetween lowest point of main frame in areaof utility connections. Min clearance of 12inches for 75% of home. Remainder may be

less than 12 inches but cannot touch ground


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Federal Installation Standard

MHCC recommended rule

HUD Secretary published rule for comment

HUD Secretary published proposed final rule

OMB Review completed

Awaiting final publication (November??)


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The Standards

3280 HUD Construction Standards for thehome

3285 HUD Model Installation Standards

VERY IMPORTANT (means will be on test)The following must be AT LEAST AS

STRINGENT as the federal model State Standards

Manufacturer Manuals


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HUD Code Development

Manufactured Home Consensus Committeeapproves standards

Secretary of HUD submits for public comment

Secretary of HUD issues final rule followingOMB input (White House)

Rule is published in Federal Register


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Understanding Part 3285

Use the Blue and Red Cheat Sheet


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Definitions

Words have meaning so read them carefullysee 3285.5

A manufacturer must provide with each new

home a DAPIA approved designs andinstructions that are consistent with thestandards 3285.2

DAPIA means Design Approval Primary

Inspection Agency


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Variations by Installer

If you vary support and anchorage from themanufacturers instructions, the installer

must obtain site-specific instructions from the(1) manufacturer or (2) a registeredprofessional engineer or (3) registeredarchitect. 3285.2(b)


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Temporary Storage

The manufacturers instructions must provideat least one method for temporarilysupporting each section to prevent structuraldamage when those sections are sited at theplant, retailers lot or home site. 3285.2(c)


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Reference publications

Some to remember

ASTM American Society for Testing &Materials

NFPA National Fire Protection AssnFEMA Federal Emergency Management

Agency


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Application

These standards apply to HUD Codemanufactured Homes not modulars.


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Fire Separation

Fire separation distances in accord withNFPA 501(a) must be maintained. Means10 feet

Fire separation distance must also complywith Comm 26 in a mobile home park(10 feet between basic structures)

Local ordinances might have additionalrequirements


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Flood Zones

Installer is responsible to determine if home isbeing installed in flood zone. 3285.102(c)

If it is, special installation methods are

required.Also note Shoreland zoning implications


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Zone Maps

3 maps in the HUD Code Wind Wisconsin in Zone 1

Roof Load Wisconsin is South and MiddleZones

Thermal Zone Wisconsin is Zone 3

U/O value must be less than 0.079

U/O is inverse of R value 0.079 = R 12.6

Homes may not be installed in a wind zone thatexceeds the design load for the home.


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Site PreparationSoil MechanicsSoil tests can be conducted with a pocket penetrometer

Footings must be sized and spaced according to soilbearing capacity

Also see the tables in 3285.202

Poor soils peat, organic clays or uncompacted fillrequire a geologist, engineer or architects opinion


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Site Drainage

Drainage must provided to direct surface wateraway from home and prevent build up underhome.

Minimum slope of inch per foot for the first

10 feetWhere site is sloped, home must be protected

from surface runoff


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Crown and Grade Site


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Gutters and Downspouts

Manufacturer must specific if the home isdesigned for them

When installed, runoff must be directed away

from the home


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Ground Moisture Control

Vapor barrier must be installed except in arid regions

Min. 6 mill poly or equivalent

Overlap 12 inches and sealBarrier may be under, over or around footings

Voids and tears must be repaired

3285.204


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Ground Moisture Control

1 pint of water vapor is generated in 24 hours

@ 55 degrees under 10 sq. ft of floor area.1500 sq ft home then equals 150 pints ofwater. Thats 16-19 gallons of water


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Foundations - Piers

Concrete blocks Must conform to ASTMstandard C 90-02

Pressure treated wood think pilings

Adjustable metal - Manufactured piers must belabeled or listed for loads and installed to thepier manufacturers instructions

Listed means approved for use


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Pier loads

Must be designed with load taken intoconsideration

Spacing is dependant on factors such as soil

bearing capacity and foot sizeSee tables at 3285.303

Pier spacing tables do not taken intoconsideration flood or seismic loads see an

engineer or architect


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Pier Configuration

Load bearing blocks not decorative

Nominal 8 by 8 by 16 inches

Stacked with hollow cores aligned vertically

When stacked side by side, each layer at rightangles to preceding one

Center beam/mating line supports are alwaysrequired for multi-section homes


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Caps

Must evenly distribute loads across the capped hollowblock piers

May be made of solid concrete or masonry at least 4

inches nominal thickness OR hardwood lumber atleast 2 inches thick OR corrosion protected min inch thick steel or other listed materials


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Caps

Must be same length and width as piers

Split caps on double stacked piers must beinstalled with long dimension across the joint

in blocks below


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Gaps

Must be filled with one of these methods

Nominal 4 by 6 by 1 inch shimsa. Must be used in pairs

b.

Driven tightlyc. Must not occupy more than 1 inch of vertical

space


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Manufactured Piers

Adjustable risers must not extend more than 2inches when finally positioned


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Clearance under Home

Minimum of 12 inches between lowest member of mainframe and grade under all areas of the home

Comm 21.40 for older homes is

A minimum clearance of 12 inches shall bemaintained beneath the lowest point of the mainframe in the area of any utility connection. Aminimum clearance of 12 inches shall also bemaintained under the home for at least 75% of the

home. The remainder of the home may be less than12 inches above the ground but may not touch theground.


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Less than 36 Piers

Permitted to constructed of open or closedcell 8 by 8 by 16 when capacity of block isnot exceeded

Long sides are at right angles to supported

I-beamHollow cores stacked vertically and at right

angles to the footings

Horizontal offsets from top to bottom not to

exceed inchNo mortar unless instructions require


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Piers 36 to 67 and Corner Piers

All frame piers 36 to 67 high and all cornerpiers over 3 block high must be doubleblocked

No mortar unless instructions require

Horizontal offsets not to exceed 1


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Piers over 67

Must be designed by registered professionalengineer or registered architect

Mortar not required unless specified


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Perimeter support piers

Piers at mate-line supports, perimeter piers,and piers at exterior wall openings can besingle open-cell or closed cell blocks to amaximum height of 54 inches

Must be installed with the long dimensionparallel to perimeter rail


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Pier Support Locations

No more than 24 inches from both ends offrame

No more than 120 inches center to centerunder the main I beam

Mating line, marriage wall line, ridge beam allmean the point where sections join and theyrequire support Be alert to extreme weight

considerations in these locations!


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Perimeter Support Locations

Both sides of any exterior doorAny side wall opening of 48 inches or more

Under any load-bearing porch posts, factory

installed fireplaces and wood stoves3285.311


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Alternative to Perimeter Supports

If additional floor joists or outriggers areproviding perimeter support, the sizing ofpiers and footers under the main chassisbeam must be adjusted.


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Footings

Must be located on undisturbed soil or fillcompacted to 90% of maximum relativedensity

A footing for every pier

Footing size depends on the load bearingcapacity of soil, footings and piers

3285.312


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Footing Types

Concrete types 4 inch nominal pre-cast pads meeting ASTM C

90-02 with 28 day compressive strength of1,200 psi

6-inch minimum poured in place concrete pads,slabs or ribbons with at least 28 daycompressive strength of 3,000 psi


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Footing Types

Pressure-treated wood Minimum 2 layers of nominal 2 inch thick

pressure treated wood

Single layer of nominal inch pressure treatedplywood with a max size of 16 by 16 (must berated exposure 1 or exterior sheathing PS-1-95rated

Cut ends must be field treated


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Footing Types

ABS footing pads Installed according to pad manufacturer

instructions and certified for use in soilclassification at the site

Must be listed for required load capacity


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Frost Protection

Footings must be designed using methods and practicesthat prevent the effects of frost heave by:

1. Conventional below the frost line footing

2. Monolithic slab above frost line must bedesigned by registered engineer or architect

3. Insulated foundation system above frost line -must be designed by registered engineer orarchitect

Frost line is 48 inches statewide as set byCommerce

3285.312


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Footing Sizing Table

How to use the tables

Use soil bearing capacity to determine size andthickness needed


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Anchorage

After blocking and leveling, the manufactured homemust be secured against the wind by an anchoringsystem

Anchoring equipment means ties, straps, cables,

turnbuckles, chains and other approved componentsincluding tensioning devices that are used to securea manufactured home to anchor assemblies.

Conventional anchors or alternative foundation system(Tie Down or Oliver Technologies type systems)

Tie Down Engineering


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Tie Down Engineering

Vector System

Vector System with Longitudinal


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Vector System with Longitudinal

Support

Note base plate and longitudinal support


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Anchorage

The anchors must be capable of meeting theloads the home was designed to withstandsee data plate

Follow the anchor companys instructions for

spacing, angles, connections and so forthInstall anchors to theirFULL depth

A diagonal anchor tie is intended to resisthorizontal or shear forces, but may also

resist vertical, uplift and overturning forces

3285.401


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Ground Anchors

Must be listed (listed means approved)Steel coated with zinc to not less than 0.30

oz/ft2 of surface

Capable to resist a min ultimate load of 4750 lb

and a working load of 3150 lbs (check listinglabels)


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Tie Down Straps

1 inch by 0.035 in or larger steel strappingconforming to ASTM D 3953-97 standard

Capable to resist a min ultimate load of 4750 lb and aworking load of 3150 lbs (check listing labels)Same capacity as the anchors

Coated with zinc to not less than 0.30 oz/ft2 of surface


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Tie Downs

Maximum spacing see the tablesSee drawings for near beam and second beam

methods

If sidewall or over the roof, mate-line or shear wallstraps are installed, they must be connected

Must be augured below the frost line unless thefoundation is a frost protected above frost linesystem


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Tie Down Tips

No long tailsTension evenly or you might pull the home off

the supports

Determine if stabilizer plate is needed Seeanchor manufacturer instructions

Try locking clamp version


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Tie Down Safety Issues

Locate Utilities- abandoned electrical drops is a concern

- utility linemans gloves are recommended

- Testing for power on anchor beforeconnecting to home can be done using asimple voltage checker

$5.25 worth

of safety

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On-site structures

Each expansion room or other on-site structuremust be able to support its own weightincluding any garage unless pre-designed bymanufacturer, engineer or architect

Any addition must be designed by either thehome manufacturer, a registered engineer orarchitect


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Optional Equipment

Comfort systems (HVAC) must be installed by alicensed HVAC contractor if not factory installed

Air conditioning equipment must be properly sized

All heat producing equipment must be properly ventedthru the skirting or exterior wall as appropriate

When not installed by home manufacturer, must beinstalled according to the appliance manufacturersinstructions


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Skirting

Must be weather resistantAttached so no water is trapped

between siding and trim or forcedup into the wall cavity trim it is

attached toAll wood skirting within 6 inches of

the ground must be pressuretreated or be naturally resistant todecay and termites This would

include lumber and sheathingextension if any of the wood isless than 6 inches above theground


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Crawlspace Venting

NEW - One square foot for every 1,500 sq ft of floorareaImportant Check with your manufacturerbefore proceeding with reduced venting

Vent openings as high as practicable

Vents must located on at least two opposite sides of

homeOpenings must be covered with a perforated corrosionand weather resistant covering to prevent rodententry


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Access Opening

Not less than 18 wide by 24 high and not lessthan 3 sq ft

Must be located so that any utility connectionsunder the home are accessible

3285.505


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Dryer vents, air conditioning, &


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y , g,

combustion air vents

Must pass through skirting to the outside This includes fireplace air inlets

Ductwork, Plumbing & Fuel


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, g

Supplies

Manufacturer must supply instructions forproper field assembly


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Water

When local water supply pressure exceeds 80 psi, apressure reducing value must be installed

An identified and accessible shutoff value must beinstalled underneath or adjacent to the home

Crossovers and lines must be protected from

freezingOnly listed for MH heat tape is permitted

Water system must be inspected and tested for leaksafter completion at the site.

Disconnect water heater if test is air only


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Piping support

Water lines supported every 3 feetDrain lines supported every 4 feet See 48

inch on center max - 3280.608


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Gas Supply

Home design calls for system pressure of10 to 14 inches of water columnpressure (0.036 psi)


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Ductwork Crossovers

All ductwork connections must be sealed

Galvanized metal straps or tape and mastics listed toUL 181 A or B must be used around duct collarand secured tightly

Metal straps required metal sheet screwsMetal ducts must be fastened with at least 3

galvanized sheet metal screws equally spacedaround the collar


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Ductwork

Max distance for duct supports is 4 feetIf straps are used they must be wider than spacing

of spirals in flex duct

Arrange so that straps cannot slip between spirals and

to prevent kinkingCannot contact ground

Listed for exterior use only

Crossovers outside the envelop must be insulated with

proper materialsIn-floor or ceiling crossover connections must be sealed

to prevent air leakage


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Subpart H - Electrical

Snap connections may or must be fastened toadjacent studCHECK instructions

If a fixture is mounted on a combustible surfacea limited combustible or non-combustible

ring must be installedWires connected black to black, white to white

and ground to ground

Test all connections


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Smoke Alarms

Additional shipped loose alarms for basementset models are typically provided by themanufacturer

They may be wired to communicate withfactory installed units at main floor


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Exterior close-up

Manufacturers provide instructions for joiningsections. Pay particular attention todirections on fasteners

The mate-line gasket must be installed

following manufacturer instructions

Exterior close up strips are trim that must befastened securely and sealed with an

exterior sealant


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Before Sections are Secured

The poly sheeting used for transport must beremoved completely

Hinged roofs and eaves


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May be subject to alternative construction

inspections if flue penetrations are above thehinge

Gaps


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Gaps

UPON COMPLETION no gaps are permitted between

structural elementsPRIOR TO COMPLETION minor gaps not exceeding one

inch are permitted PROVIDED they are filed uponcompletion

Fill gaps must be shimmed with dimensional lumber andfastener lengths used to make connections must beincreased to provide adequate penetration into receivinglumber.

Pay particular attention to end wall and floor completiongaps May have marriage wall sheathing in from endwall ends


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Close up

All shipping blocking, strapping or bracing must beremoved from appliances, window and doors.

At a minimum, shipped loose wall panels must be

installed using PVA adhesive on all framingmembers and fastened with 1 inch long staples ornails 6 inch on center panel edges and 12 incheson center in the field unless manufacturer directsother methods


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Bottom Board

Bottom Board is an industry term for barrier installed bythe factory on the bottom of the floor system. It is forrodent control.

Inspect for loosing or areas damaged by transport orinstallation

Tears must be repairedAny missing insulation must be replaced

Splits or tears must be resealed with tape or patches

P traps must be checked to be sure they are well

insulated and coveredAll repaired edges must be taped or otherwise sealed


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Access to site

The installer is responsible to ensure thattransportation routing is possible and permitsobtained

Effective 4/01/07 disturbed soil areas of 1 acreor more at property site are subject topermits and UDC erosion control regulations

(This also includes entire driveway areas!)


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Gas appliances

Make sure orifices match the fuel supply

Inspect vents to make sure they were notdamaged in transit


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Other UDC Issues to Watch

Site constructed elements subject to UDC Basement stairs

Exterior decks, stairs and railings

Garage attachments Habitable basements

Egress windows for bedrooms

Heating calculations for entire envelop

Trouble spots-Basement Stairs


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Finished Stairwell Length (FSL)

Headroom

(Min. 6'-4")

Headroom + Floor/Ceiling Depth (HFCD) Finished Stairwell Length(FSL)

Unit Rise Unit Run

So to solve for FSL, FSL = Unit Run x HFCDUnit Rise

Floor/Ceiling

Depth

Unit Rise

Max. 8"

Unit Run

Min. 9"

Two Similar

RightTriangles

Maintain

6'-4"

Headroom

In

Required

3' Long

Landing

Maintain 6'-4" Headroom In

Required 3' Long Landing


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Structural Analysis per Dept. of Comm.


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Comm. 20.07 (Definitions.)

(73) Structural Analysis is a branch of the physical sciences which uses the principles

of mechanics in analyzing the impacts of loads and forces and their effect on the

physical properties of materials in the form of internal stress and strain.

Comm. 21.02 (Structural Analysis Standards.)

Structural analysis shall conform to the following nationally recognized

standards.

( c ) Concrete. Plain, reinforced or pre-stressed concrete construction shall conform to

the following standards:

1. ACI Standard 318, Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete.

2. ACI Standard 318.1, Building Code Requirements for Structural Plain Concrete.

Comm. 21.16 (Frost Penetration.)

(2) Exceptions. (a) Floating slabs constructed on grade need not be installedbelow the minimum frost penetration line provided measures have been taken to

prevent frost forces from damaging the structure.

Also, ( c ) Stoops or ramps need not be installed below the minimum frostpenetration level provided measures are taken to prevent frost forces from damaging

the structure.

Cl V ifi ti C tifi t


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Class Verification Certificate

Continuing Education = 8425

Password is

If password is not on the form it wont be

processed by the state.

udc inspector training

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