tyverb slide kit

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Tyverb® (lapatinib):Introduction and Background

TYV/SLK/08/39072/1Date of preparation: Nov 2008TYV/SLK/08/39072/1Date of preparation: Nov 2008

Prescribing information can be found at the end of the full slide set


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1.Cancer Research UK. UK breast cancer incidence and mortality statistics. www.cancerresearchuk.org (accessed May 2008) 2. Penault-Llorca F, Vincent-Salomon A, Mathieu MC et al. J Clin Oncol 2005;23(16S):764. 3. NICE. Technology Appraisal Guidance Number 34. London: NICE, 2002

ErbB2-positive breast cancer

● Most common malignancy in women in UK 44,000 new cases and 12,509 deaths in UK in 20031

● Approximately 20-30% have tumours that overexpress ErbB22,3

● ErbB2-positive disease tends to be more aggressive and has a poorer prognosis

● Average survival time, with treatment, from diagnosis of advanced or metastatic disease is 18-24 months; reduced by up to 50% if ErbB2-positive3

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Treatment of ErbB2-positive breast cancer (BC)

● Trastuzumab was previously the only licensed ErbB2-targeted agent available in UK Significant activity in first-line metastatic setting1-3

● Majority of patients receiving trastuzumab for metastatic disease progress within 12 months of starting treatment1-3

● Management of brain metastases in BC patients is a challenging clinical problem4-5

● Few treatment options were previously available for patients who progress on or following trastuzumab and there has been no alternative ErbB2-targeted agent

1. Vogel CL et al. J Clin Oncol 2002; 2. Marty M et al. J Clin Oncol 2005; 3. Slamon DJ et al. N Engl J Med 2001; 4. Tsao MN et al. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2003; 5. Palmieri D et al. Breast Dis 2006

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Tyverb® (lapatinib) is licensed

● Conditional marketing authorisation was granted by EMEA in June 2008 for use in combination with capecitabine (Xeloda®) for treatment of ErbB2+ve advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in patients with progressive disease following received prior therapy including: Anthracyclines Taxanes Trastuzumab for metastatic disease

● Once-daily oral treatment

● Targets both the ErbB1 (EGFR) and ErbB2 (HER2) receptors

● Small molecule, works ‘inside’ the cancer cells

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Tyverb® (lapatinib):Mode of Action




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Tyverb is an oral, small-molecule, dual-targeted agent

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Antibody versus small-moleculeErbB2-targeted agents

Small molecule – Tyverb2-4 • Directed toward kinase domain

(intracellular target)• Can directly and efficiently inhibit

phosphorylation and activation of downstream signalling pathways

Monoclonal antibody – trastuzumab1

• Directed toward extracellular portion of receptor • Works mainly by

triggering antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity

1. Plosker GL et al. Drugs 2006; 2. Rusnak DW et al. Mol Cancer Ther 2001; 3. Hegde PS et al. Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 4 Xia W et al. Oncogene 2002

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Tyverb® (lapatinib):EGF100151 Study

(Pivotal Registration Study)




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EGF100151 study design1,2

Treatment continued until progression or unacceptable toxicity

Patients with ErbB2-positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer

that progressed after prior anthracycline, taxane and trastuzumab

(N=399)

RANDOMISATION

1. Cameron D et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 2. Geyer GE et al. N Engl J Med 2006

Tyverb 1250 mg po od continuously +

capecitabine 2000 mg/m2/d po days 1-14 q 3 wk

Capecitabine 2500 mg/m2/day

po days 1-14 q 3 wk

po = oral; od = once daily; q 3 wk = once every 3 weeks

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EGF100151: Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Key inclusion criteria Key exclusion criteria

● Women aged ≥18 years with life expectancy ≥12 weeks

● Progressive ErbB2-positve (IHC 3+ or IHC 2+ with FISH confirmation) locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer

● Prior treatment with an anthracycline or taxane in either adjuvant or metastatic setting

● Prior treatment with trastuzumab for at least 6 weeks in metastatic setting

● Measurable disease by RECIST

● ECOG performance status 1 or 0

● Stable brain metastases

● Prior capecitabine treatment

● Pre-existing heart disease

● Pre-existing conditions that may affect GI absorption

Geyer GE et al. N Engl J Med 2006

IHC = immunohistochemistry; FISH = Fluorescence in situ Hybridization; GI = gastro-intestinal;RECIST = response evaluation criteria in solid tumours; ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group

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EGF100151: Study overview

● The primary endpoint of the study was time to progression (TTP) by independent review

● Secondary endpoints included: Progression free survival, overall response rate, overall survival,

clinical benefit rate and adverse events

● The planned interim analysis (15 November 2005 cut-off) demonstrated a clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvement in TTP

● Independent Data Monitoring Committee recommended that enrolment to the study should be halted early (3 April 2006)

Geyer GE et al. N Engl J Med 2006

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EGF100151: Patient and tumour characteristics

CharacteristicTyverb + capecitabine

n=198Capecitabine

n=201

Hormone receptor status ER+ and/or PR+ ER- and PR- Unknown

Stage IV disease

Number of metastatic sites> 3

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Metastatic sitesVisceral onlyVisceral/ Non-visceralNon-visceral only

Progressed on trastuzumab

48%50%2%

96%

49%31%20%

17%61%23%

97%

46%53%<1%

96%

48%30%21%

18%61%21%

98%

Cameron D et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008

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EGF100151: prior therapyTyverb +

capecitabine(N=198)

Capecitabine(N=201)

Anthracyclines 194 (98) 199 (>99)

Taxanes 198 (100) 199 (>99)

Trastuzumab Metastatic Adjuvant Neoadjuvant

196 (99)187 (95)

9 (5)0

197 (98)189 (94)

7 (4) 1 (<1)

Median duration of trastuzumab, weeks (range) 44 (3-296) 45 (0-329)

Time from discontinuation of trastuzumab to randomisation – no. < 4 weeks 4 - 8 weeks > 8 weeks Missing

196 55 (28)62 (32)79 (40)

0

197 52 (27)65 (33)77 (39)

3 (2)


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EGF100151: independently assessed time to progression1

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EGF100151: key efficacy results1

Outcome Tyverb +

capecitabine (N=198)

Capecitabine (N=201)

Hazard ratio

(95% CI)

Odds ratio

(95% CI)

p-value

Median TTP [weeks (months)]a 27.1 (6.2) 18.6 (4.3)

0.57 (0.43, 0.77)

– 0.00013

ORR (%) 23.7 13.9 – 1.9 (1.1, 3.4)0.017

a Primary endpoint of the study1; CI = confidence interval; TTP = time to progression; ORR = overall response rate (PR or CR); CR = complete response; PR = partial response

Investigator assessment2,3

Independent assessment1

1. Cameron D et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 2. Tyverb Summary of Product Characteristics; 3. GSK data on file (TYV/DOF/08/34764/1)

Outcome Tyverb +

capecitabine (N=198)

Capecitabine (N=201)

Hazard ratio

(95% CI)

Odds ratio

(95% CI)

p-value

Median TTP [weeks (months)]

23.9 (5.5) 18.3 (4.2)0.72 (0.56,

0.92)– 0.008

ORR (%) 31.8 17.4 - 2.2 (1.3, 3.6)0.002

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EGF100151: overall survival by independent assessment

Tyverb + capecitabine

Capecitabine

No. of patients 198 201

Median overall survival (weeks [months])

67.7 (15.6) 66.6 (15.4)

Hazard ratio (95% CI) 0.78 (0.55, 1.12)

p-value 0.177

1. Cameron D et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008; 2. Tyverb Summary of Product Characteristics

September 2007 cut-off – after cross-over2

April 2006 cut-off – before cross-over1


Capecitabine

No. of patients 207 201

Median overall survival (weeks [months])

74.0 (17.1) 65.9 (15.2)

Hazard ratio (95% CI) 0.9 (0.71, 1.12)

p-value 0.3

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EGF100151: effect of interval from last administration of trastuzumab to randomization on TTP

Interval between last trastuzumab dose and randomization


Capecitabine alone

Hazard ratio

(95% CI)

P value

No. of pts

Median TTP, wk

No. of pts

Median TTP, wk

< 8 weeks 117 27.1 117 18.6 0.59 (0.40, 0.86)

0.004

> 8 weeks 79 26.1 77 14.6 0.56 (0.35, 0.91)

0.012


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EGF100151Relapse of brain metastases (BM) with Tyverb plus capecitabine

Outcome Tyverb +capecitabine

(n=198)

Capecitabine alone

(n=201)

Patients with symptomatic CNS progression as part of first progression event, n (%)

4 (2) 13 (6)

p=0.045

● Patients with ErbB2-positive MBC are at increased risk of relapsing with BM1

● Retrospective exploratory analysis in Study EGF100151 demonstrated that Tyverb + capecitabine may reduce the incidence of BM as the first site of recurrence2

● Preliminary results from the LEAPa suggest that Tyverb + capecitabine is active in ErbB2-positive BM previously treated with trastuzumab and whole brain radiotherapy3

● Further studies are warranted

1. Bendell JC et al. Cancer 2003; 2. Cameron D et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008 3. Kaufman B et al. EBCC 2008

a Lapatinib (Tyverb) Expanded Access Programme

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EGF100151: overview of safety1

● Adverse event (AE) rates were similar in both arms for: All adverse events

Serious adverse events

● AEs leading to discontinuation of study medication were the same (14%) in both arms

● Most common AEs: diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, rash & PPE Diarrhoea and rash were more common with Tyverb + capecitabine

than with capecitabine alone

● The majority of adverse events were Grade 1 or 2

● The incidence of Grade 3 & 4 AEs was low and similar in both treatment arms

1. Cameron D et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008

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EGF100151: six most common adverse events (all grades)

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Recommendations for diarrhoea management1,2

● Grades 1 & 2 Avoid all lactose-containing products Stay well hydrated (8–10 large glasses/day) Eat frequent small meals Administer standard doses of loperamide Grade 2: Consider Tyverb dose reduction / interruption; consider reducing /

withholding capecitabine

● Grade 3+ IV fluids Hospitalisation if at risk of life-threatening complications Discontinue Tyverb and/or capecitabine permanently, or until patient recovers and

re-start at reduced dose Continue loperamide Consider prophylactic antibiotics Consider second-line agents (e.g. codeine) Follow local treatment guidelines

1. Benson AB et al. J Clin Oncol 2004; 2. Tyverb Summary of Product Characteristics, June 2008

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Recommendations for managing skin events associated with Tyverb● No clear evidence-based treatment options for management of

lapatinib-associated rash1

● Guidance based on experience from Tyverb clinical trials and from managing rash associated with ErbB1 inhibitors1,2

Emollients (e.g. aqueous cream) where dry skin component Topical antibiotics (e.g. clindamycin gel) or oral antibiotics (e.g.

tetracycline, minocyline) where pustular component Mild-to-moderate topical steroids Short course of oral steroids for severe (≥50% BSA) maculopapular rash Antihistamines may be useful if pruritic component Note: Topical / oral retinoids not recommended Interrupt Tyverb treatment

● Severe/persistent cases – reduce dose or interrupt Tyverb treatment, refer to dermatologist

1. Moy B, Goss P . Oncologist 2007; 2. Lacouture ME et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008

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EGF100151: impact on LVEF

● ErbB2-targeted therapies have been associated with reports of decreased LVEF1,2

● Cardiac functiona monitored closely during trial

● Decrease in LVEF reported in 2.5% of patients in Tyverb + capecitabine group vs 1% for capecitabine alone4

● No withdrawals due to decrease in LVEF5

● No decline in mean LVEF in either treatment group5

1. Ewer MS, O’Shaughnessey JA. Clin Breast Cancer 2007; 2. Seidman A et al. J Clin Oncol 2002; 3. Geyer GE et al. N Engl J Med 2006; 4. Tyverb Summary of Product Characteristics; 5. Cameron D et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2008

a Defined as symptomatic regardless of degree of declineor

Asymptomatic ↓ LVEF(relative decrease 20% from baseline and below the LLN)3

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● QoL scores were generally higher for Tyverb + capecitabine vs. capecitabine alone but differences were not statistically significant1

● There was no detriment to QoL in patients receiving Tyverb + capecitabine1

EGF100151: Quality of Life

1. Zhou X et al. EBCC 20081. Zhou X et al. EBCC 2008

Adjusted change from baseline in FACT-B scores1Adjusted change from baseline in FACT-B scores1A

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BaselineBaseline– 2– 2

– 1– 1

00

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

88

Week 6Week 6 Week 12Week 12 Week 18Week 18 Week 24Week 24

T + C minus C:p value:

T + C minus C:p value:

0.7 (–1.4, 2.6)0.505

0.7 (–1.4, 2.6)0.505

1.5 (–0.7, 3.7)0.186

1.5 (–0.7, 3.7)0.186

2.2 (–0.1, 4.4)0.057

2.2 (–0.1, 4.4)0.057

1.7 (–0.6, 3.9)0.157

1.7 (–0.6, 3.9)0.157

Capecitabine 2,000 mg/m2 (n = 166)Capecitabine 2,000 mg/m2 (n = 166)

Tyverb 1,250 mg + capecitabine 2,000 mg/m2 (n = 163)Tyverb 1,250 mg + capecitabine 2,000 mg/m2 (n = 163)FACT-B total scores

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EGF100151: overall conclusions

● First RCT to have examined continued ErbB2 suppression in patients with ErbB2-positive MBC who have progressed on trastuzumab

● Tyverb + capecitabine significantly extended TTP and improved response rates vs capecitabine alone

● Tyverb + capecitabine was generally well tolerated Declines in LVEF were infrequent, asymptomatic and reversible

● Tyverb + capecitabine is a rational and evidence- based option for patients with ErbB2-positve MBC who have progressed on trastuzumab

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Tyverb® (lapatinib):Practical considerations

TYV/SLK/08/37076/1 Date of preparation: Nov 2008TYV/SLK/08/37076/1 Date of preparation: Nov 2008



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Tyverb® (lapatinib):Dosage and administration




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Tyverb (lapatinib) 250mg tablets

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General presentation

● Tyverb is an oral (tablet) treatment

● Tyverb is taken in combination with the chemotherapy agent capecitabine, also an oral treatment

● Tyverb and capecitabine are dispensed in separate packs

● Tyverb is available in packs of 70 tablets, packed in aluminium foil blisters

● Capecitabine tablets are available in two strengths:

150mg and 500mg

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Tyverb dosage and administration1

● Recommended dosage of Tyverb: 1,250mg (5 tablets) Once daily

Continuously throughout treatment

Standardised, i.e. always before or always after the same meal

Take at least 1h before or 1h after a meal

Swallow tablets whole with water

1. Tyverb Summary of Product Characteristics, June 2008

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Capecitabine dosage and administration (in combination with Tyverb)

● Capecitabine dosage (when given in combination with Tyverb) is:1

2000mg/m2 per day in two divided doses

12 hours apart (morning and evening) for first 14 days of each 21-day treatment cycle

Taken with food or within 30 min of food2

● Capecitabine dose when taken with Tyverb is lower than recommended in the capecitabine SmPC2

● Tyverb plus capecitabine is therefore an all-oral regimen

1. Tyverb Summary of Product Characteristics, June 2008; 2. Xeloda Summary of Product Characteristics

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Tyverb® (lapatinib):Information for patients

Practical advice on administering/dosing




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● What should I do if forget to take my Tyverb or capecitabine tablets?

Answers:

If it is still the same day, take your Tyverb tablets as soon as you remember

If capecitabine dose is missed (e.g. morning dose), take next dose as usual (do not double up)

Remember to inform the cancer unit

● What if I missed a whole day?Answers:

Take the usual dose of Tyverb (or capecitabine) on the day after the missed day at the usual time(s)

Remember to inform the cancer unit

Questions your patient may ask (1)

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● What if I am sick after taking Tyverb or capecitabine?Answers:

Do not take a second dose to make up for the vomited dose

Take next dose as normal when due

If vomiting continues, contact the cancer unit

● Can I crush, split or dissolve the tablets?Answers:

Tyverb tablets should be swallowed whole with a drink of water

Crushing, splitting, chewing and dissolving the tablets are not recommended

Talk to the breast cancer/chemotherapy nurse if experiencing difficulty taking tablets

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● What should I do if I get diarrhoea while taking Tyverb?Answers:

If diarrhoea occurs it usually happens during the first week or so but can happen at any time during treatment

It is usually mild or moderate, but can be severe in some cases

Most people with diarrhoea should be able to continue their treatment with Tyverb with appropriate management

If experiencing diarrhoea or a change in your normal bowel pattern, inform the cancer unit


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● What should I do if I get a rash while taking Tyverb?Answers:

Rash is a very common side-effect of taking Tyverb

It usually develops within the first 2 weeks of treatment

The rash will usually improve or disappear after a few weeks.

Most people who develop a rash are able to continue their treatment with Tyverb

If a rash develops, or if your skin feels dry, itchy or painful, inform your doctor or nurse


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Prescribing Information (Refer to full SmPC before prescribing)

Adverse events should be reported. Reporting forms and information can be found at: www.yellowcard.gov.uk

Adverse events should also be reported to GlaxoSmithKline on 0800 221 441.

Adverse events should be reported. Reporting forms and information can be found at: www.yellowcard.gov.uk

Adverse events should also be reported to GlaxoSmithKline on 0800 221 441.

Further information is available from Customer Contact Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Stockley Park West, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB11 1BT

[email protected]; Freephone: 0800 221 441. Tyverb is a registered trademark of the GlaxoSmithKline group of companies.

Further information is available from Customer Contact Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Stockley Park West, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB11 1BT

[email protected]; Freephone: 0800 221 441. Tyverb is a registered trademark of the GlaxoSmithKline group of companies.

Tyverb®▼(lapatinib) 250mg film-coated tablets. Each tablet contains 250mg lapatinib as ditosylate monohydrate. Indications In combination with capecitabine for treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer whose tumours overexpress ErbB2 (HER2). Patients should have progressive disease following prior therapy which must include anthracyclines and taxanes and therapy with trastuzumab in the metastatic setting. Dosage and administration Only to be initiated by physician experienced in use of anti-cancer agents. Lapatinib: 1250mg (5 tablets) once daily continuously. Taken at least one hour before, or at least one hour after food. Standardise administration in relation to food intake. Capecitabine: 2000 mg/m2 /day taken in 2 doses 12 hours apart on days 1-14 in a 21-day cycle. Taken with food or within 30 mins after food. Renal impairment: No lapatinib dose adjustment necessary in mild to moderate renal impairment. Caution advised in severe renal impairment as no experience of lapatinib in this population. Hepatic impairment : Discontinue lapatinib if changes in liver function are severe and do not retreat patients. Insufficient data available to provide a dose adjustment recommendation. Use with caution in moderate to severe hepatic impairment due to increased exposure to product. Elderly: Limited data in patients > 65 years. Paediatrics: Not recommended. Dose delay and dose reduction Cardiac events: Discontinue lapatinib in patients with symptoms associated with decreased LVEF that are NCI CTCAE grade > 3 or if LVEF drops below institution’s LLN. May be restarted at 1000mg/day after > 2 weeks and if LVEF recovers to normal and patient is asymptomatic. Interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis: Discontinue lapatinib in patients who experience pulmonary symptoms that are NCI CTCAE grade > 3. Other toxicities: Consider discontinuation or interruption of lapatinib dosing if patient develops toxicity that is NCI CTCAE grade > 2. Can be restarted at 1250mg/day when toxicity improves to < grade 1. If recurs, restart lapatinib at 1000mg/day. Consult capecitabine SmPC for guidance on dose delay and dose reduction recommendations for capecitabine. Contra-indications Hypersensitivity to active substance or excipients. Refer to capecitabine SmPC for relevant contraindications and safety information. Special Warnings and Precautions Decreases in LVEF reported. Caution advised if lapatinib given to patients with conditions that could impair LVEF. Evaluate LVEF in all patients prior to starting treatment to ensure baseline LVEF within institution’s normal limits. Evaluate LVEF during treatment to ensure it does not decline to unacceptable level; Hepatotoxicity has occurred (may rarely be fatal).

Monitor liver function before initiation of treatment and monthly thereafter or as clinically indicated; Pulmonary toxicity including interstitial lung disease reported. Monitor for symptoms of pulmonary toxicity; Diarrhoea including severe diarrhoea reported. Proactive management of diarrhoea with anti-diarrhoeal agents is important. Severe cases may require oral or i.v. electrolytes and fluids, and interruption/discontinuation of therapy.. Interactions Avoid grapefruit juice during lapatinib treatment; Avoid concomitant treatment with inducers (incl. St. John’s Wort) and strong inhibitors of CYP3A4, and with medical products with narrow therapeutic windows that are substrates of CYP3A4 or CYP2C8; Avoid concomitant use of substances that increase gastric pH as lapatinib solubility and absorption may decrease. Pregnancy and lactation No adequate data on use in pregnant women. Not to be used unless clearly necessary. Contraception advised; Not known whether lapatinib excreted in human milk. Breastfeeding should be discontinued. Effects on ability to drive and use machines No studies conducted. Detrimental effect cannot be predicted from pharmacology of lapatinib. Undesirable effects Following adverse reactions reported in association with lapatinib + capecitabine therapy: Very common: Diarrhoea (may lead to dehydration), nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, stomatitis, constipation, abdominal pain; Rash (including dermatitis acneiform), dry skin, PPE; Anorexia; Fatigue, mucosal inflammation; Pain in extremity; back pain. Insomnia. Common: Decreased LVEF; Headache; Hyperbilirubinaemia, hepatotoxicity. Uncommon: interstitial lung disease/pnuemonitis. Specific events: Decreased LVEF: Reported in ~1% of all patients receiving lapatinib across clinical programme and asymptomatic in > 90% cases. Symptomatic LVEF decreases observed in ~ 0.1% of patients on lapatinib monotherapy. Symptoms included dyspnoea, cardiac failure, palpitations. LVEF decreases reported in 2.5% of patients on lapatinib + capecitabine vs. 1% for capecitabine alone. Diarrhoea: Occurred in ~ 65% of patients on lapatinib + capecitabine. Most cases grade 1 or 2 and did not result in discontinuation of lapatinib. Rash: Occurred in ~ 28% of patients on lapatinib + capecitabine. Generally low grade and did not result in discontinuation of lapatinib. Overdose No specific antidote. Haemodialysis not expected to be effective method of elimination as lapatinib is not significantly renally excreted and is highly bound to plasma proteins. Basic NHS Cost 70 tablet pack £804.30. Marketing authorisation (MA) no. EU/1/07/440/001 MA holder Glaxo Group Limited, Berkeley Avenue, Greenford, Middlesex UB6 ONN. Legal category POM. TYV/PRI/08/36896/1. June 2008

tyverb slide kit

Health & Medicine

treatment of erbb2

erbb2positive breast

erbb2positive disease

metastatic breast cancer

uk breast cancer incidence

metastatic disease progress

capecitabine n

trastuzumab n