TYPES OF YARNS PROPERTIES

END APPLICATIONNATIONAL INSITUTE OF FASHIION TECHONOLOGY

(CHENNAI)Tina dhingra

MFTECH

JUTE

• 2ply• S Twist• Jute is also called "the golden fiber" for its color

and high cash value.• It falls into the BAST FIBRE category • It is the second most important vegetable fiber

after cotton, in terms of usage, global consumption, production, and availability.

Length 1.5-4mm

Diameter 0.015-0.020mm

Moisture Regain(MR%) 13.75%

Resiliency BAD

COLOR white, off-white, yellow, brown, grey, golden

Strength(Tenacity) 3-4 gm/denier

Elongation 1.7% at the break

Physical Properties

Physical Properties

Dimensional Stability Good

Abrasion Resistance Average

Effect of light and heat Average

Effect of Micro organism Good(better than cotton)

BURNING TEST FOR JUTE

In Flame Ignites immediately

Removed From Flame Continues to burn, doesn’t shrink from flame

Odor Burning paper or wood

Ash Light colored

• ADVANTAGES OF JUTE FIBERS• Under stress jute extends only 0.5% to its stable

form and so gives wonderful dimensional stability. • Protecting Environment• The hairy surface of jute fabric gives it a capacity

to grip• DISADVANTAGES OF JUTE FIBERS• The crease resistance of Jute is very low.• Drape Property is not good enough.• Create Shade effect and becomes yellowish if

sunlight is used.• If Jute is wetted it lose it’s strength

END-USES OF JUTE GOODS

• Bags and sacks for packing almost all kinds of agricultural products, minerals, fertilizer, cement

• Wool packs and cotton bales

• Wrapping materials

• Carrier and backing fabric for carpet and linoleum

• Cordage and twines

• Webbing and fabric to cover inner springs in auto seats and upholster furniture

• Cargo separator in ship

END-USES OF JUTE GOODS

• Brattice cloth for mine ventilation and partition• Filling material in cable• Roofing and floor covering apparel• Footwear lining• Wall covering and furnishing fabric• Fashion accessories• Jute geo-textile for erosion control and many more.

END APPLICATIONS

END APPLICATIONS

ACRYLIC

• 2ply • S Twist• Acrylic is also called acrilan fabric• Acrylic fibers are synthetic fibers made from a

polymer (polyacrylonitrile) • DuPont created the first acrylic fibers in 1941

and trademarked them under the name Orlon.

BURNING TEST FOR ACRYLIC

In Flame Burns QuicklyRemoved From Flame Continues To Melt

Odor Acidic Odor

Ash Plastic Looking Bead

PHYSICAL PROPERTIESTenacity 2-4.2 gm/denDensity 1.16 gm/cc

Elongation at break 20 to 55%

Elasticity GoodMoisture Regain(MR%) 1-2.5%

Resiliency Good

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Melting point 230°C

Ability to protest friction Good

Color White or grey whiteLight reflection ability Good

Ability to protest heat It can protest up to 150°C temperature

Lusture Bright to light

• ADVANTAGES OF ACRYLIC FIBER

• They are light weight but have more bulk. • They are odor and mildew resistant too• Cleans easily.• A transparency rate of 93% makes acrylic the

clearest material known.

• DISADVANTAGES OF ACRYLIC FIBER• It is more expensive than glass.• If exposed to a direct flame it will melt and

eventually burn.

END-USES OF ACRYLICFOR CLOTHING: Sweaters, Women's and Children's Wear, Sports Wear, Socks, Knitted Underwear, Pajamas, Gloves, etc

FOR HOME FURNISHINGS AND BEDDING: Carpets, A Variety of Rugs, Upholstery, Cushions, Blankets, Pile Sheets, etc.

FOR INDUSTRIAL USES: Felts for Paper Making, Filter Cloth, Alternative Asbestos, Tents, Sheet, etc.

FOR OTHER USES: Rag Doll, Toys, Auxiliary Tapes for Bags, Braids, Cloth for Bags, Wigs, etc.

END-USES OF ACRYLIC

END-USES OF ACRYLIC

NYLON

• Nylon with Polythene• Braided yarn• Nylon is a generic designation for a family of

synthetic polymers known generically as aliphatic polyamides

• Nylon was intended to be a synthetic replacement for silk It replaced silk in military applications such as parachutes and flak vests, and was used in many types of vehicle tires

PHYSICAL PROPERTIESTenacity 6.0-8.5 gm/den

Density 1.14 gm/ccElongation at break 15-45%

Elasticity Very good

Moisture Regain(MR%) 3.5-5%

Resiliency Good

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Melting point 215°C

Ability to protest friction Excellent

Color White

Light reflection ability Not good

Ability to protect heat Upto 150°C

Lusture Bright to light

BURNING TEST FOR NYLON

In Flame Melts slowly

Removed From Flame Self extinguishesOdor Unidentified odor

Ash Plastic bead

• ADVANTAGES• High elongation • Excellent abrasion resistance • Highly resilient (nylon fabrics are heat-set) • High resistance to: insects, fungi and animals,

molds, mildew, rot, many chemicals • DISADVANTAGES• Attacked by oxidizing agents • High shrinkage in molded sections • environmental problems regarding its lack of being

biodegradable

END USES OF NYLON• Women’s hosiery• Lingerie• Active sportswear• Soft floor coverings• Carpeting• Industrial uses include: Tire cord, machine

parts, such as gears and bearings • Automotive uses: Belts, Ropes, Parachute fabric

– rip-stop nylon, intake manifolds, gas (petrol) tanks

• carpet fiber

END USES OF NYLON• fishing lines • footwear • pantyhose • Wind pants • toothbrush bristles • Velcro • airbag fiber • slings and rope used in climbing gear and

slack lining

END APPLICATIONS

SPANDEX (LYCRA)

• Monofilament yarn• Spandex or elastane or elastomeric fiber is a

synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity.

• The name "spandex" is an anagram of the word "expands". It is the preferred name in North America; in continental Europe it is referred to by variants of "elastane",

PHYSICAL PROPERTIESTenacity 0.7 gm/den

Density: 1.21-1.35 gm/cc

Elongation at break 400-700%

Elasticity Excellent

Moisture Regain(MR%) 0.6%

Resiliency Very Good

Ability to protest friction Excellent

Color White or near white

Ability to protest heat Not good

Lusture Less bright

BURNING TEST OF SPANDEX

In Flame Melts slowly

Removed From Flame Self extinguishing

Odor Acidic

Ash Plastic bead

ADVANTAGES OF LYCRA• IT IS USED IN CLOTHING BECAUSE ITS LIGHTWEIGHT,

COMFORTABLE, AND BREATHABLE.• DUE TO ITS FITTING NATURE IT IS OFTEN USED IN

WOMEN'S CLOTHING RATHER THAN IN MEN'S CLOTHING.

• IT DRIES QUICKLY, MOISTURE WICKING AND IT IS EASY TO DYE.

• IT HAS BACTERIA RESISTANT NATURE, BLOCKS ULTRAVIOLET RAYS AND SO IT IS USED IN GARMENTS.

• GARMENTS THAT ARE MADE USING LYCRA ARE SOCKS, SWIMWEAR, EXERCISE CLOTHING AND LEGGINGS.

DISADVANTAGES OF LYCRA

• SINCE IT IS TIGHT-FITTING, NON-CYCLISTS FEEL HARD TO ACCEPT ITS APPEARANCE.

• SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE OF THIS TIGHT-FITTING IS STILL SLOWLY BEING IMPLEMENTED.

• IF THE LYCRA IS BEING USED AS A BASE FOR GLUING, AS MIGHT BE THE CASE IN A FOAM BODYSUIT, THE GLUE WILL TEND NOT TO SOAK IN THE FIBERS AND YOU WILL NOT GET GOOD ADHERENCE.

END APPLICATIONS

COTTON• Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber

that grows in a boll, Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will tend to increase the dispersion of the seeds.• ply- 6• Twist- S

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COTTONColor White, creamy white, bluish white,

yellowish white or grey.

Textile Strength 3.5gm/den.

Elongation at break 5-10%.

Specific Gravity 1.54

Moisture Regain(MR%):

Standard moisture regain is 8.5

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COTTONElastic Recovery It is inelastic and rigid fiber

Effect of Sunlight gradual loss of strength when cotton is exposed to sunlight and the fiber turns yellow.

Effect of age It shows a small loss of strength when stored carefully

Effect of Heat cotton is severely damaged after few minutes at 240ºC

BURNING TEST OF COTTONIn Flame Ignites immediately

Removed From Flame Continues to burn

Odor Burning paper or wood

Ash Light ash, blows away

ADVANTAGES OF COTTON• Environmentally friendly • Durable• SoftDISADVANTAGES OF COTTON• Cotton clothes will begin to fade after a few

years, particularly if left in direct sunlight. • Cotton is not a very weatherproof fabric. If left

outside it is also likely to be damaged by mold and mildew. Man-made fabrics tend to be much tougher, and mold resistant

END APPLICATION

THANK YOU!!!