types of diagnosis

8/2/2019 Types of Diagnosis

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TYPES OF

DIAGNOSIS

RUCHIKA GARG

080301232


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WHAT IS DIAGNOSIS ?It can be defined as recognition of a

disease or condition by its outward signs

and symptoms

It comprises of 4 main parts

1. Logics

2. Analytics

3. Experience

4. Intuition


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What is oral diagnosis ?

It is the systematic approach to identify oral

disease process based on the facts obtained

from case history, physical examinationand

investigative procedures


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What is Provisional Diagnosis ?

It is a clinical or tentative diagnosis that is

given after corroborating the facts recorded

in history and findings of clinical

examination


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Casehistory

Clinicalexamination

Provisionaldiagnosis


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What is Differential Diagnosis ?

It refers to a list of conditions that resemble the

clinical diagnosis but differ from it by at least one

feature

In this list each disease is considered as a

hypothetical diagnosis until the condition that most

completely and accurately explains the abnormality


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Investigative Diagnosis

The common methods are

Hematological Biochemical

Radiological Histopathological

Microbial


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Hematological investigations

Patient presenting with h/o recurrent ulcers,bald tongue ,angular cheilitis and pale gingiva

TESTS NORMAL VALUES

Red blood cell count 30,00,000 40,00,000 cell /

cumm

Hemoglobin Males - 14-18 gm/dlFemales - 12-16gm/dl

Serum iron Male - 65-176 g/dlFemale - 50-17o g/dl

Ferritin Male- 30-400 ng/mlFemale- 15-200 ng/ml

Total iron binding capacity 250 370 g/dl


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Biochemical investigations

Patient presenting with a family h/o diabetes , any infectionand may be aggressive periodontitis

TESTS NORMAL VALUES

Specific gravity 1.0003 1.030

Glucose (threshold) 180 mg/dl

Ketones None


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Radiological investigations Patient presenting with h/o carious lesion & tenderness

on percussion

Patient presenting with multiple impacted teeth is

advised for an OPG


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Histopathological investigations

Patient presenting with a non healing ulcer on lateralborder of tongue


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Microbial investigations Endodontists frequently advise preparation of smear from

paper points removed from root canals for evaluation ofmicrobiologic status of canal prior to filling


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Casehistory

Clinicalexamination Finaldiagnosis

Investigations


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What is final diagnosis ?

It is diagnosis arrived at after all the data

(history taking , clinical examination and

investigations ) has been collected, analyzed

and subjected to logical thought

It is also known as definitive diagnosis

They are of following 5 types


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Comprehensive diagnosis

It is done for patients who have not been evaluatedpreviously and requests for total dental care

Its data reflects the patients initial status which serves

for comparison later in assessing treatment effectiveness

It protects the clinician by documenting the patientsstatus if treatment complications lead to accusations of

sub standard care

It provides a sound diagnostic foundation for

comprehensive dental care


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Recall diagnosis

It is done for patients who have been evaluated before andthe results of prior comprehensive diagnosis is available

The goal is to identify conditions which have changed andsupplement it to reflect the patients current status

It can be of 2 types

Asking patient for repeating most of comprehensive

any changes dental diagnosis

It refamiliarizes the dentist with patients originalconditions and provides new findings for comparison


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Diagnosis of a specific problem It is done when the dentist is asked to provide an

opinion concerning a specific problem for recentlyevaluated patient

If diagnostic database is unavailable, significant part ofpatient history and physical examination must beperformed

It is done bySOAP evaluation

S

subjective information or symptoms

O objective or physical findings

A analysis or clinical impression

P

plan or recommended management


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Emergency diagnosis

It is done to manage a chief complaint that requiresimmediate attention

Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is sacrificed in interest

of providing attention to urgent problem

Clinician must determine from complaint the diagnosticinformation needed to adequately evaluate & safely treat the

problem


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Screening diagnosis

It is done to answer a specific question about the patient

It is limited only to obtain information needed to answerthis question

The focus is on the specific diseasewhich is undergoingscreening

Importance is to determine patients general dentaltreatment & to arrange comprehensive dental diagnosis &treatment


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Importance of diagnosis ?

1. For planning the management of disease and itsfollow ups

2. To understand the depth of disease and preventing

the spread of disease

3. Advising the patient regarding ideal diet , regimen

and other accessory management4. For educating the patient regarding the cause ,

progress , outcome and provide advice in maintaining

health


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5. Deciding the best way to treat the diseases.

6. In knowing the detailed health status of

the patient for medico-legal cases

7.It is quite crucial for research and statistics


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THANK YOU

types of diagnosis

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