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![Page 1: Turnstile Junction Orthomode · PDF fileTurnstile Junction Orthomode Transducer An option for EVLA X-Band Receiver X-Band OMT Design Review Meeting; AOC, Socorro; October1, 2009 Sivasankaran](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022021419/5a7a1bd27f8b9a71348c89ef/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Turnstile Junction Orthomode TransducerAn option for EVLA X-Band ReceiverX-Band OMT Design Review Meeting; AOC, Socorro; October1, 2009
Sivasankaran Srikanth, Miles Solatka & Michael MeekScientist/Research Engineer Designer MachinistNTC-CDL
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Contents
TSGTPC 2
1. Introduction
2. Selection process
3. Optimization, analysis
4. Mechanical design
5. Measurements
6. Conclusions
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Specifications of X-band OMT
3
Bandwidth 8 to 12 GHz (1.5:1 BW ratio)Return loss > 25 dBInsertion loss ≤ 0.2 dBCrosspolarization ≤ -40 dBIsolation ≤ -40 dBSize ??????Weight ?????
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Septum Polarizer, Quadridged OMT
4
Septum Polarizer Length ~ 3.75" (2.7λ); BW ratio 1.28:1
L-band Quadridged OMT scaled to 8 to 12 GHz; Length = 3.975" (3.4λ)
BW ratio 2:1
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Boifot Junction OMT
5
Lengths:Circular-square transition = 2.318”Phase shifter = 7.875" (6.67λ)45 twist = 3.454"Boifot OMJ = 6.400" (5.4λ)Total = 20.047”
(OMJ scaled from Ka-band)
BW ratio ~1.5:1
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Symmetrical and Odd-symmetrical modes
6
fc= 6.557 GHzfc= 13.114 GHz
fc= 16.145 GHz (rect.)fc= 9.272 GHz (sqre.)
fc= 19.739 GHz (rect.)fc= 14.662 GHz (sqre.)
TE01
TM11 TM12
TE02
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Turnstile Junctions
7
TM11
x' x
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E-plane, H-plane bends
8
E
E
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A Turnstile Junction Waveguide Orthomode TransducerA. Navarrini and R. L. Plambeck
9
18-26 GHz; Circ. Dia=0.457 "; Waveguide=0.420"x0.208"; Stub: 0.173"x0.173"x0.087";Prototype for 210 to 270 GHz
S11< -23 dB (Turnstile jn.) ; S11<-32 dB (combiner) ; Linear taper to 0.420"x0.170" – S11<-33 dB
IEEE Transactions MTT, Jan 2006
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A Turnstile Junction Waveguide Orthomode TransducerA. Navarrini and R. L. Plambeck
10
Split in E-planes; Path length = 9.84" (25 cms); External dim: 5.8"x5.8"x3.8"
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A Turnstile Junction Waveguide Orthomode TransducerA. Navarrini and R. L. Plambeck
11
S11< -19 dB; S21 ~ -0.15 dB; Isolation <-48 dB; (over 1.44:1 BW)
Scaling to X-band 13"x13"x8.5"
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Double Ridged Orthogonal Mode Transducerfor the 16-26 GHZ Microwave Band
Alex Dunning
12
9 steps for TE01; Ridge t=0.055”NOT SYMMETRICAL; All modes except TE10 cut off in Rect. Wg.
Split planes perpendicular to ridges
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Double Ridged Orthogonal Mode Transducerfor the 16-26 GHZ Microwave Band
Alex Dunning
13
S11 <-25 dB; Isolation <-40 dB; Insertion loss < -0.25 dB (frnt); <-0.20 dB (rear) over 1.6:1 BW
Length = 3.4” (16 – 26 GHz)Scaling to X-band L=7.3”
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Ultra-Thin Broadband OMT with Turnstile JunctionY. Aramaki, N. Yoneda, M. Miyazaki and T. Horie
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
14
Ku-band (10-15 GHz)
Circ. To Sq. transition – dia : 0.945", I step: 0.748"x0.748", II step: 0.630"x0.630 "
Turnstile Jnc.- Rect. Waveguide 0.630"x0.315", Pyrmd. Stub 0.394"x0.394"x0.275"
Combiner – E-pln stepped imp. Transformer, H-pln bend, E-pln T-junction 0.630"x0.236“(h=0.315 t0 0.118)
2003 IEEE MTT symp. Digest
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Ultra-Thin Broadband OMT with Turnstile JunctionY. Aramaki, N. Yoneda, M. Miyazaki and T. Horie
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
15
S11 : Turnstile jnc. with stub <-14 dB (10-15); <-20 dB (11.5-15)Turnstile jnc. with stub + Cir. To sq. step <-20 dB (10-15)
OMT S11 <-22 dB (11-15); <-15 dB (10-15)Insertion loss <0.1 dBIsolation better than -40 dB
Height from bottom of II step to bottom of combiner = 0.800"; Cross-section dia ~ 5.5"Scaling to X-band : Ht = 1.000"; Dia = 7.0"
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Optimization Of Components Of The OMT
• 1. Turnstile Junction
• 2. Side arms with waveguide bends
• 3. 0.900x0.400 to 0.900x0.180 stepped transformer
• 4. Y-Junction
• 5. 0.900x0.380 to 0.900x0.400 stepped transformer
• Used CST Microwave Studio in all the optimization and analysis
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Turnstile Junction
17
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Turnstile Junction with pyramidal stub
*Aramaki et.al.,”Ultra-Thin Broadband OMT with Turnstile Junction,” 2003 IEEE MTT-S Digest 18
side pyhb08b 0.562 0.394*b08 0.562 0.373S11≤ -17.9
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Turnstile Junction with square prism + pyramid stub
19
side h pyhb02 0.335 0.210 0.200 b04 0.335 0.210 0.100b06 0.300 0.210 0.090b08a 0.335 0.210 0.030
S11 ≤ -21.4
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Turnstile Junction with conical stub
20
dia htd01 0.530 0.445d02 0.510 0.445d03 0.550 0.450S11≤ -20.0
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Turnstile Junction with 2 cylinders
* G. Pisano et. al, “A Broadband WR10 Turnstile Junction Orthomode Transducer,” IEEE Microwave and Wireless Comp. Letters, Vol. 17, April 2007
21
D H d hc01 0.705 0.096 0.325 0.184*c02 0.635 0.086 0.358 0.202S11 ≤ -9.4
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Turnstile Junction with cylindrical stub
22
Dia. Ht.co4 0.385 0.217 c05d 0.405 0.195c06 0.405 0.200 c07 0.396 0.207
S11 ≤ -21.5
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Turnstile Junction with square prism
* A. Navarrini and R.L. Plambeck, “A Turnstile Junction Waveguide Orthomode Transducer,” IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 54, Jan. 2006.
23
side ht08e 0.371 0.186 *08j 0.363 0.19008l 0.355 0.20008n 0.345 0.20008r 0.335 0.210 **used this design
S11 ≤ -21.6
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Turnstile Junctions with 2 square prisms
24
s1 h1 s2 h2a01 0.335 0.210 0.128 0.080a02a 0.348 0.192 0.128 0.080a02b 0.346 0.195 0.134 0.076S11 ≤ -21.55
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Waveguide Transformer & H-plane Bends in the side arm
25
Waveguide Transformer 0.900 x 0.400
to0.900 x 0.180
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4-step Tchebyschev Transformer
G. Matthaei, L. Young and E.M.T. Jones, “Length corrections for discontinuity capacitances”, page 302
26
0.400
0.371
0.234
0.304
0.192
0.180
0.408
0.397
0.396
0.399
0.900
λg = 1.6133”; λg /4 = 0.4033
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5-step Tchebyschev Transformer*
G. Matthaei, L. Young and E.M.T. Jones, “Length corrections for discontinuity capacitances”, page 302
27
0.400
0.185
0.267
0.213
0.335
0.180
0.384
0.397
0.409
0.900
0.403
0.397
0.397
λg = 1.6133”; λg /4 = 0.4033
*Used this design
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H-plane bend
28W.B.W. Alison, A Handbook For The Mechanical Tolerance of Waveguide Components, Artech House, 1972
where
a=0.900 and λg=1.6133l=0.105λg or l=[0.105+(n/2)] λgFor n=3, l=2.589; R=1.648
For a given |ρ| and λg, l is given by
** F.C. de Ronde, “Full Band Matching of Waveguide Discontinuities”, IMS, Palo Alto, CA 1966
**
(3)
(1)
(2)
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H-plane bend with stepped transformer
29
R x π/2 = ll = 1.605 λg ; R=1.6484”
R
Cutting toolRadius=0.0235Length=0.470
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E-plane Y-Junction
30
Y-junctionInput: 0.900x0.180 Output: 0.900x0.380
0.900x0.3900.900x0.400
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E-plane Y-junction
31
R Xc7 0.450 0.640 7b 0.450 0.640 0.380 to 0.4007f 0.450 0.640 0.380, 0.390, 0.4008a 0.260 0.450 0.380, 0.390, 0.400
S11 ≤ -32.6
R
Xc
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E-plane Y-junction
32
5aa1: No radius on steps6aa1: 0.0235 radiusS11 ≤ -32.6
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CST Microwave Studio Model
33
Port 3
Port 2
Port 3
Port 2
Port 1
Mode 1
Mode 2
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Input Return Loss
34
S1(1),1(1) S1(2),1(2)
S11<-17.4 dB
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Insertion Loss
35
S2(1),1(1) S3(1),1(2)
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Crosspolarization
36
S3(1),1(1) S2(1),1(2)
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Mechanical Design
37
Cross-section 9.25”; Height 2.68”; Measured weight : 4.4 lbs
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Center plate with curved stepped transitions
38
Side arms with bends and stepped transformer
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Bottom and top plates
39
Bottom plate with square tuning stub Top plate with input waveguide
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E-plane Y-Junction
40
E-plane split block Assembled Y-Junction
Input 0.900x0.180; Output at junction 0.900x0.380Inner radius 0.260; Outer radius 0.440; Center 0.450
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Assembly
41
Main body assembled Main body, output ports
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Assembled OMT
42
Square port
Rectangular ports
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Measurement
43
Measurements with Agilent N5245A PNA-X
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S22 and S12-Port 2
44
‐50.0
‐40.0
‐30.0
‐20.0
‐10.0
0.0
8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12
S 22(dB)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured S22
S22
S11
‐0.5‐0.4‐0.3‐0.2‐0.10.00.10.20.30.40.5
8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12
S 12(dB)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured S12
S12
S22<-18.7 dB
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S33 and S13-Port 3
45
‐50.0
‐40.0
‐30.0
‐20.0
‐10.0
0.0
8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12
S 33(dB)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured S33
S33
S11
‐0.5‐0.4‐0.3‐0.2‐0.10.00.10.20.30.40.5
8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12
S 13 (dB)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured S13
S13
S33<-18.3 dB
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Measurement of S12 after pinning
46
‐1‐0.9‐0.8‐0.7‐0.6‐0.5‐0.4‐0.3‐0.2‐0.1
0
8 9 10 11 12
Insertion Loss (d
B)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured Insertion Loss; Port 2
PORT2
TRANS
‐1‐0.9‐0.8‐0.7‐0.6‐0.5‐0.4‐0.3‐0.2‐0.1
0
8 9 10 11 12
Insertion Loss (d
B)
Frequency (GHz)
Corrected Insertion Loss; Port 2
S12
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Measurement of S13 after pinning
47
‐0.6
‐0.5
‐0.4
‐0.3
‐0.2
‐0.1
‐1E‐15
8 9 10 11 12
Insertion Loss (d
B)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured Insertion Loss; Port 3
PORT3
TRANS
‐0.6
‐0.5
‐0.4
‐0.3
‐0.2
‐0.1
‐1E‐15
8 9 10 11 12
Insertion Loss (d
B)
Frequency (GHz)
Corrected Insertion Loss; Port 3
S13
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Crosspolarization
48
‐70
‐60
‐50
‐40
‐30
‐20
‐10
0
8 9 10 11 12
Crosspolar. (dB
)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured Crosspolarization; Port 2
S12
‐70
‐60
‐50
‐40
‐30
‐20
‐10
0
8 9 10 11 12
Crosspolar. (dB
)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured Crosspolarization; Port 3
S13
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Isolation between ports
49
‐70
‐60
‐50
‐40
‐30
‐20
‐10
0
8 9 10 11 12
Isolation (dB)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured Isolation; Port 2
S23
‐70
‐60
‐50
‐40
‐30
‐20
‐10
0
8 9 10 11 12
Isolation (dB)
Frequency (GHz)
Measured Isolation; Port 3
S23
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Jillian Michaels Weight Loss Program
50
↑Metal cut away
Recess 0.100” deep
Thru’ tapped holes
Pins
↓↓
Version 1Weight: 4.39lbsDia 9.25”; Ht 2.68”
Version 2Weight: 2.55lbsDia 9.18”; Ht 2.68”
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More compact design
51
0.9008.000
0.250
0.250
0.900
9.186
Version 2: 2.55 lbs Version 3: 2.2 lbs
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Performance of 9.25” & 8.0” OMTs (CST)
52
‐50
‐40
‐30
‐20
‐10
0
8 9 10 11 12
S 22 (dB)
Frequency (GHz)
S22; Port 2; Horz. pol.
9.25
8
-17.4; -17.2dB
‐50
‐40
‐30
‐20
‐10
0
8 9 10 11 12
S 33 (dB)
Frequency (GHz)
S33; Port 3; Vert. pol.
9.25
8
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Performance of 9.25” & 8.0” OMTs (CST)
53
‐0.5
‐0.4
‐0.3
‐0.2
‐0.1
0
8 9 10 11 12
Insertion Loss
Frequency (GHz)
Insertion Loss; Port 2; Horz. pol.
9.25
8
‐70
‐60
‐50
‐40
‐30
‐20
8 9 10 11 12
Crosspol (d
B)Frequency (GHz)
Crosspol at Port 2; Horz. pol.
9.25
8
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Layout of Polarizer components
54
Total length=16.33
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Conclusions
55
1. Full waveguide band (8-12 GHz) OMT has been realized2. Returns loss > 18.3 dB; Insertion loss ~0.1dB;
Crosspolarization ≤ -50 dB; Port to port isolation ~ -40 dB3. Compact: Height 2.68”; Cross-section 9.25”;Weight 4.4lbs
Version 3:Height 2.68”, Cross-section 8.00”;Weight 2.2 lbs4. Fabrication easy; only machined parts5. No pins, no septum; Sturdy construction (can withstand
several ‘G’ acceleration)6. Two fold symmetry; only symmetric higher order modes if
any and will cancel at output ports7. Coupling into amplifier in waveguide transmission line
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Conclusions (continued)
56
8. Waveguide isolator has ~0.2 dB lower loss compared to coax isolator
9. Turnstile OMT ~0.1 dB lower loss compared to QuadridgedOMT (due to coax connector)
10.Loss due to 8 & 9 will contribute to 1.1K lower Trx at 15K physical temperature; ~5% of Trx at X-band (3.6% of Tsys)
11.Poor S11 with coax connector may contribute to base line ripple.
12.Limiting factor with subject OMT is the turnstile junction.13.Cost of OMT $861/piece for a lot size of 30 (J&E Precision
Tool Inc., Southampton, MA)
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57
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58
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59
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60
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61
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Jillian Michaels Weight Loss Program
62
↑Metal cut away
Recess 0.100” deep
Thru’ tapped holes
Pins
↓↓
Weight: 4.39lbsDia 9.25”; Ht 2.68”
Weight: 2.55lbsDia 9.18”; Ht 2.68”