turn wind into profit - german pavilion · turn wind into profit it is a simple fact: wind is...

TURN WIND INTO PROFIT

TURN WIND INTO PROFIT

It is a simple fact: Wind is cheaper than oil and the most eco-nomic and environmentally sound source of energy on the high seas. And yet, shipping companies are not taking advantage of this attractive savings potential at present - for a simple reason: So far no sail system has been able to meet the requirements of today‘s maritime shipping industry.

SkySails is offering the only wind propulsion system which meets all these requirements: High performance (significant fuel sav-ings & reduction of emissions), short amortization period, and high practicability (simple handling, no additional staff, no dis-turbing superstructures).

Depending on the prevailing wind conditions, a ship’s average annual fuel costs can be reduced by 10 to 35 % by using the SkySails-System. Under optimal wind conditions, fuel consump-tion can temporarily be cut by up to 50 %.

USING WIND POWER PROFITABLY

MV “Beluga SkySails“

SucceSS requireS flexibility

www.SkySailS .comw w w. S k y S a i l S . c o m

the SkySails-System on the mV “beluga SkySails”

Maritime shipping is entirely dependent on oil. Over the past 20 years, crude oil prices have risen annually by 10 % on average. This development places tremendous financial pressure on the shipping industry as fuel costs account for more than half of a ship‘s operating expenses already today.

Irrespective of the current economic crisis, there is no end in sight to this trend: The IEA (International Energy Agency) projects an average oil price level of US-$ 100 per barrel over the period 2009 to 2015 and expects prices to double to approx. US-$ 200 by the year 2030. According to the IEA report the main reason for this price increase is the continuing decline in oil production rates (6.7% p.a.) facing a growing demand of 1% per year. Without massive investments, this development will ultimately lead to a widening gap in supplies and further price increases.

The only way out of this subjection to the oil price is opening up alter-native energy sources for ships. This makes, given the rate of return it offers, the use of free of charge wind power especially attractive.

* Effective Load cf. back page

** NCR (Nominal Continuous Rating) is the (revolution) speed to which the main engine is optimized

turn wind into profit

SkySails towing kite

Currently, SkySails is offering towing kite propulsion systems for cargo vessels with an effective load* of between 8 and 16 tons. SkySails with an effective load* of 32 tons are planned to be avail-able in 2011. The planned product program comprises towing kite propulsion systems with an effective load* of up to 130 tons.

An effective tractive force of 8 tons by a SkySail corresponds to approx. 600 to 1,000 kW installed main engine power on average - depending on the ship‘s properties (propeller efficiency degree, resistance, etc.)

This dual propulsion solution offers the flexibility required to minimize operating costs. By using a SkySails-System foresighted shipping companies now have the opportunity to increase their competitiveness and yields!

SkySails-System

designload[t]

exemplaryvessel - type

length[m]

main propulsion[kw]

Speed atncr**[kn]

main propulsionthrust at ncr** [t]

effective load*[t]

SkS 160

SkS 320

16 8

32 16

Buoy Tender

MPP

MPP Heavy-Lift

MPP

54

88

88

133

1,260

1,520

3,840

1,520

11

10.5

10.5

14

8.5

11

23

11

SkySailS product program

a win-win for ownerS, operatorS and chartererS

fast amortization

w w w. S k y S a i l S . c o m

mV “michael a.“

Economical acquisition and operating costs for the SkySails-Sys-tem lead to short amortization periods of between 3 and 5 years.

By using the SkySails technology large quantities of fuel can be saved. Consequently, ship operating costs drop significantly.

The ship‘s regular crew is adequate for operating the system and no additional personnel costs will arise.

SkySails has conducted numerous studies on the savings potential of SkySails-Systems based on logbook extracts, historical weather data and field testing results. Actual ocean voyages were also re-computed. The result of these computations is a savings potential of between 10 and 35 % depending on the ship. A savings cal-culation for three model ships traveling on four different routes is shown in the tables on the following two pages.


SkySailS buSineSS caSeS

type of Ship multi-purpose mp heavy-lift tanker

Length 88 m 133 m 160 m

Installed main engine output 1,520 kW 3,840 kW 6,800 kW

Ship speed at NCR 10.5 kn 14 kn 14 kn

Main propulsion thrust at NCR 11 t 23 t 43 t

Quality of fuel used MGO IFO IFO

Fuel consumption for 210 days at sea per year 1,197 t 3,150 t 6,898 t

Route traveled (Example)route 1

Rotterdam - Reykjavik

route 2Rotterdam -

MarseilleNorth Atlantic North Pacific

SkySails-System SKS C 160 SKS C 160 SKS C 320 SKS C 640

Effective load* under standard conditions 8 t 8 t 16 t 32 t

Expected average savings for this route 29 % 15 % 19 % 18 %

amortization period in years 2 - 3 4 - 5 4 - 5 3 - 4


clear Standards for a secureinvestment

Ship owners will benefit from an investment in SkySails propulsion even when not performing the role as charterer. In these cases, ship-ping companies can demand higher charter rates for vessels outfitted with the SkySails-System, since the con-tracting partners can expect to incur lesser operating costs.

As an alternative, ship owners also have the option of invoicing the charter companies for all or part of the fuel-cost savings. Data on these savings is automatically tracked on board and can be accessed via Sky-Sails at any time.

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000

Savingsin US-$ / year

bunker oil pricein US-$ / ton

1,300,000

1,200,000

1,100,000

1,000,000

900,000

800,000

700,000

600,000

500,000

400,000

300,000

200,000

100,000

0

tanker

mp heavy-lift

multi-purpose route1

2multi-purpose route

potential fuel SaVingS uSing the SkySailS-SyStem

SKS C 640IFO

SKS C 320IFO

SKS C 160MGO

SKS C 160MGO


reliable and high-performance technology

dynamic flight maneuvers

The SkySails-System consists of three simple main components: A towing kite with rope, a launch and recovery system, and a control system for automatic operation.

Instead of a traditional sail fitted to a mast, SkySails uses large towing kites for the propulsion of the ship. Their shape is compa-rable to that of a paraglider.

The tethered flying SkySails can operate at altitudes between 100 and 300 m where stronger and more stable winds prevail. By means of dynamic flight maneuvers , e.g. the figure of „8“, Sky-Sails easily generate five times more power per square meter sail area than conventional sails. It is thus possible to gain significant savings by using comparatively small sail areas.

The tractive forces are transmitted to the ship via a highly tear-proof, synthetic rope. The energy supply of the control pod is ensured by means of a patented special cable integrated in the towing rope.

control pod

towing kite

towingrope winch

control system

force transmission point

launch andrecovery system

SYSTEM COMPONENTS


reliable and high-performance technology

SkySails workstation

launch of the towing kite

The launch and recovery system manages the deployment and lowering of the towing kite and is installed on the forecastle. During launch a telescopic mast lifts the towing kite, which is reefed like an accordion, from its storage compartment. At suf-ficient height the towing kite then unfurls to its full size and can be launched. A winch releases the towing rope until operating alti-tude has been reached. The recovery process is performed in re-verse order. The entire launch and recovery procedure is carried out largely automatically and lasts approx. 10 - 20 mins each.

The ship’s crew can operate the SkySails-System from the bridge. Emergency actions can be initiated at the push of a button. The SkySails‘ automatic control system performs the tasks of steering the towing kite and adjusting its flight path. All information on

the operation status of the system is displayed in real-time on the monitor of the SkySails workstation on the bridge and thus easily accessible for the crew.


Smooth Ship operation

mV “michael a.“

POSSIBLE COURSES

direction of wind

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The SkySails-System supplements the existing propulsion of a vessel and is used offshore, outside the 3-mile zone and traffic separation areas.

The SkySails-System is designed for operation in predominantly prevailing wind forces of 3 to 8 Beaufort at sea. The system can be recovered, but not launched at wind forces below 3 Beaufort.

With regard to classification society regulations, the SkySails-Sys-tem is categorized and treated as an auxiliary propulsion. The operation of the system is not limited by any regulations at present.

Their double-wall profile gives the SkySails towing kites aero-dynamic properties similar to the wing of an aircraft. Thus, the SkySails-System can operate not just downwind, but at courses of up to 50° to the wind as well. Practical experience shows that high propulsion power can be achieved on halfwind, reaching and downwind courses from 90° to 270°.


etabliShed know-how newly combinedwind

mast supportedsailing system

The large lever arm causes the large inclination angle (heel) of a ship with mast supported sailing propulsion

wind

SkySails-System

The minimized lever arm leads to a very small inclination angle of a ship with a SkySailspropulsion

The textile towing kite is easy to stow when folded and requires very little space on board ship. In contrast to conventional sail propulsions the SkySails-System has no superstructures which may obstruct loading and unloading at harbors or navigating under bridges. Furthermore, the heeling caused by the SkySails-System is minimal and virtually negligible in terms of ship safety and operation.

Depending on the operator’s preferences, the main engine can either be throttled back to save fuel, or kept running at constant power to increase the ship‘s speed.

SkySails operates within a powerful network of renowned deve-lopment partners and suppliers from the shipping and airplane industry. Essentially, the SkySails technology consists of a com-bination of tried and tested components from both areas - e.g. mooring winches from the offshore industry.


SaleS, inStallation & SerViceexclusive Sales & Service partner

mV “michael a.“ with SkySails propulsion

From professional advice about buying, to installation and com-missioning, all the way to maintenance and repairs: Zeppelin SkySails – the exclusive and worldwide sales and service partner for SkySails – is the one source for competent service covering every aspect of SkySails propulsion.

Zeppelin SkySails has access to the trusted and reliable service organization of Zeppelin Power Systems, a subsidiary of the re-nowned Zeppelin Group. For over 50 years Zeppelin has been


installation of the SkySails-System

installation

The SkySails-System is installed on the vessel at the shipyard or port with adequate facilities designated by the client and under supervision of Zeppelin SkySails service staff. The ship can re-main in the water during installation.

After examination of the installation options on board, Zeppelin SkySails provides all detailed information necessary for the cus-tomer to compile and submit the relevant records to the installing shipyard, the insurance company and the classification society.

The installation of the SkySails-System is carried out in three indi-vidual steps - preparation of the foundations, installation of the

a partner of Caterpillar, the world’s largest independent manu-facturer of diesel engines, and is one of the worldwide leading sales and service organizations for marine engines. Service tech-nicians and replacement parts can thus be brought to almost any port on the globe in the shortest possible time. This is just one way that Zeppelin SkySails ensures that SkySails propulsion delivers maximum availability and an extended service life.


Service

Service and maintenance aboard ship

foredeck components and installation of the flying system - which can be - as desired or needed - performed independently, at different times and at different locations. This, for example, al-lows using extended docking times for loading and offloading to install the SkySails-System.

With the exception of the control system and the textile-based components (towing kite, towing rope), all components of the SkySails-System can be serviced by technically qualified staff, e.g. the ship-based chief engineer. These services can be carried out offshore when the SkySails-System is not in use, but also at a harbor or dock yard.

System components requiring specific know-how are serviced by Zeppelin SkySails specialists.

W W W. S k Y S A I L S . c O M

*Effective Load

The effective load of the SkySails propulsion indicates the maximum tractive force of the system in the direction of the ship’s course under optimal conditions. The effective load is substantial when dimensioning the SkySails-System as it can be directly com-pared to the thrust required by the ship to reach its cruising speed.

Since ships differ in construction and operate on very diverse routes, it is difficult to make a general statement regarding the propulsion power of the SkySails-System. However, and in order to give an indication of the system’s propulsion power, SkySails states its effective load under standard conditions. The system’s power is determined for a clearly defined system status at a specified point in time. This system status is defined as follows:

The SkySails’ effective load under standard conditions is specified for an exemplary vessel which cruises at a speed of 10 knots at a true wind course of 130°. The wind speed is 25 knots, waves are up to 60 cm high, and the towing kite is maneuvered dynamically.

The determination of the system’s propulsion power under standard conditions is based on field testing results and theoretical calculations.

SkYSAILS STANDARD cONDITIONS

System variable Value

Wind speed 12.8 m/s (25 knots)

True wind direction 130°

Ship speed 5.1 m/s (10 knots)

Sea state 2

Propeller efficiency degree 0.6Towing kite flight mode dynamic

The data provided is subject to further technical development. SkySails accepts no liability for errors and reserves the right to make changes without prior notice.

Status: 05 / 2009

Manufacturer:SkySails GmbH & Co. KG Veritaskai 3 21079 Hamburg – Germany

Phone: +49 (0)40 – 702 99 – 0 Fax: +49 (0)40 – 702 99 – 333 E-mail: [email protected]

www.skysails.com

Exclusive Sales & Service Partner: Zeppelin SkySails Sales & Service GmbH & Co. KG Ruhrstraße 158 22761 Hamburg – Germany

Phone: +49 (0)40 – 86 69 319 – 0Fax: +49 (0)40 – 86 69 319 – 19E-mail: [email protected]

www.zeppelin-skysails.com

TEchnology InforMaTIon

11

Using wind power profitably

It is a simple fact: Wind is cheaper than oil and the most economic and environmentally sound source of energy on the high seas. And yet, shipping companies are not taking advantage of this attractive savings potential at present - for a simple reason: So far no sail system has been able to meet the requirements of today’s maritime shipping industry.

SkySails is offering the only wind propulsion system which meets all these requirements.

Depending on the prevailing wind conditions, a ship’s average annual fuel costs can be reduced by 10 to 35% by using the SkySails-System. Under opti-mal wind conditions, fuel consumption can temporarily be cut by up to 50%.

Virtually all existing cargo vessels and new builds can be retro- or outfitted with the SkySails auxiliary wind propulsion system.

The SkySails-System is used parallel to and for relief of the main engine, if wind conditions allow. The main engine’s propulsion power remains fully available if required.

This dual propulsion solution offers the flexibility required to minimize opera-ting costs. By using a SkySails-System foresighted shipping companies now have the opportunity to increase their competitiveness and yields!

it is a simple fact:wind is cheaper than oil

the skysails-system aboard the MV “Michael a.“

Consequently, ship operating costs drop significantly.

tUrn wind into profit 1

tUrn wind into profit

the skysails technology in detail

The SkySails-System consists of three simple main components: A towing kite with rope, a launch and recovery system, and a control system for automatic operation.

A multi-level security system and redundant components guarantee the highest possible safety during operation of the SkySails propulsion.

The optional weather routing system provides shipping companies with a means to guide their ships to their destinations on the most cost-effective routes and according to schedule.

skysails systeM coMponents

towing kite

Instead of a traditional sail fitted to a mast, SkySails uses large towing kites for the propulsion of the ship. Their shape is comparable to that of a paraglider.

The towing kite is made of high-strength and weatherproof textiles. It is double-walled and fitted with chambers along its entire length as well as ports at the front end. A line tree defines the requested kite shape by spanning lines of different lengths between the pod and the towing kite. The profile of the towing kite is designed in such a way that optimal aero-dynamic efficiency can be achieved.

Their double-wall profile gives the SkySails towing kites aerodynamic proper-ties similar to the wing of an aircraft. Thus, the SkySails-System can operate not just downwind, but at courses of up to 50° to the wind as well.

In case of very strong winds, the power of the towing kite is reduced by chan-ging its position in the wind window (relative to the horizon), without having to minimize the towing kite area.

Presently, SkySails is offering towing kites for cargo ships with kite areas of approx. 150 to 600m².

Practical ex-perience shows that high propulsion power can be achieved on halfwind, reaching and downwind courses from 90° to 270°.

skysails towing kite

control pod

towing kite

towingrope winch

control system


launch andrecovery system

SYSTEM COMPONENTS

POSSIBLE COURSES

direction of wind

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upwind

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3

force transmission

The specially-designed force transmission system of the SkySails propulsion transmits the tractive forces of the towing kite to the ship. The system is custom-ized for each ship.

The force transmission system comprises the following components: towing rope, force transmission point and winch.

The tractive forces are transmitted to the ship via a highly tear-proof, synthetic rope. The energy supply of the control pod is ensured by means of a patented special cable integrated in the towing rope.

towing rope

The “force transmission point” - also called “tow point” - is the point at which the towing rope of the kite is connected to the ship.

The tow point guarantees the optimal alignment of the kite’s power for every course and wind direction.

force transmission point (tow point)

The tractive force of the SkySails-System is directed to the bow area over the force transmission point mounted on the foredeck. Generally the existing ship‘s structures are sufficiently dimensioned, since that is where the anchor windlass is also housed. The power transmitted by the SkySails-System is com-parable to that of an ocean-going tug. An appropriate stability computation is made for each vessel prior to the installation of a SkySails propulsion.

winch

The SkySails towing kite is recovered and launched using a dynamically op-erating winch, which also serves as rope storage. The tractive force mea-surement is pre-installed in the winch. The winch speed is chosen so that the towing kite can be stabilized at any time when wind conditions are unstable. During heavy swell the winch assures safe operation during the launch & re-covery procedure by means of dynamic sea-state compensation.


weaving process towing rope

winch


steering systeM

The steering system of the SkySails propulsion operates automatically. The towing kite is aligned relative to wind direction, wind force, ship course and ship speed in order to achieve optimal propulsion power.

The steering system of the SkySails consists of the control pod and the control system.

control pod

The functionality of the control pod is comparable to the pilot of a paraglider: It „pulls“ to the left and right of the control lines, thereby modifying the aero-dynamic profile of the towing kite and thus controlling its flight path. Both the mechanical control actuators as well as the electronics and the autopilot software for the control of the kite are installed in the control pod.

The control pod features a modular layout and is the physical link between the towing kite and the towing rope. Its streamlined casing is waterproof and protects the electronic components against humidity and shocks. A chassis made out of carbon fiber composite material carries the casing, the electronic components, the gear mechanism and the motor.

control system

The function of the control system is to steer the SkySails-System automatically. It is similar to the autopilot of an airplane in that data is collected via sensors and processed by the autopilot software. Subsequently, the software sends control commands to actuators in the system, e.g. to those of the control pod.

control pod

towing kite with control pod

operation of the skysails-system from the bridge

5

The control system comprises the following components:

skysails on-board computer

The entire SkySails-System is managed using the SkySails on-board computer. A graphic user interface on the bridge informs those commanding the ship about the system‘s status and allows the system to be operated by inputting commands (flight maneuvers, zenith position, emergency maneuvers, etc.).

control pod computer

A computer in the control pod takes over the tasks of sensor signals process-ing, motor control, data communications and functions of the autopilot.

autopilot program / kite maneuver control

The towing kite is controlled automatically at all times. The autopilot lets the towing kite fly defined maneuvers depending on the wind direction, wind strength and ship‘s speed or holds the kite in a stable flight position. This is performed by an autopilot software like those used in aerospace applications. The autopilot is integrated in the SkySails steering system. Data and control commands are transmitted to the control pod by means of a special cable integrated in the towing rope.

launch and recovery process control

Managing the launch and recovery process consists of controlling the launch and recovery mast, winch and mast adapter. This semi-automatic mechanism in the form of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) manages the entire launch and recovery process. The winch control is also handled by this PLC. The PLC is operated using a control panel installed on the foredeck when the launch and recovery process is to be controlled manually.

skysails workstation on the bridge of the MV “beluga skysails“

dynamic towing kite flight maneuvers

ship sensors

Sensors to measure the wind direction and the wind speed, as well as sensors for the rudder position, course and GPS must be installed on the ship for the SkySails-System.

These ship sensors that are normally found on board must comply with the NMEA standard. The NMEA data stream (RS 232 or RS 422) is transmitted to the SkySails on-board computer.

The SkySails components mast / kite adapter, force transmission point and winch are delivered by default with special sensors. In addition to that, sen-sors to measure the consumption are installed with the system.


laUnch and recoVery systeM

skysails arrangement Module (saM)

The launch and recovery system manages the deployment and lowering of the towing kite. It is installed on the forecastle and consists of a telescopic mast with reefing system which unfurls and reefs the kite respectively during the launch and recovery process.

A coupling mechanism connects the towing kite with the mast adapter at-tached to the launch and recovery mast. The towing kite is stored in the kite storage on the forecastle.

Force transmission point, launch and recovery system as well as the kite stor-age are all included in a single component – the SkySails Arrangement Mo-dule (SAM) – that is integrated on the forecastle.

During launch, the telescopic mast raises the towing kite - which is folded like an accordeon - from the kite storage. Subsequently, the telescopic mast extends to its maximum height. The towing kite then unfolds to its full size and can be launched. The winch releases the towing rope until operating altitude has been reached.

The recovery process is performed in the reverse order of the launch. The winch retracts the towing rope and the towing kite docks on the launch and recovery mast. The towing kite is then reefed. The telescopic mast retracts and the towing kite is stowed in the kite storage along with the control pod.

The entire launch and recovery procedure is carried out largely automatically and lasts approx. 10 - 20 mins each.

skysails arrangement Module (saM)

7

launch of the towing kite

operation & safety

operating conditions

The SkySails-System supplements the existing propulsion of a vessel and is used offshore, outside the 3-mile zone and traffic separation areas.

The SkySails-System is designed for operation in predominantly prevailing wind forces of 3 to 8 Beaufort at sea. The system can be recovered, but not launched at wind forces below 3 Beaufort.

classification

With regard to classification society regulations, the SkySails-System is cate-gorized and treated as an auxiliary propulsion. The operation of the system is not limited by any regulations at present.

safety systeM

A multi-level security system and redundant components guarantee the highest possible safety during operation of the SkySails propulsion.

The tractive force can be modified and reduced as needed by chan-ging the relative position of the towing kite to the ship.The force vectors on the ship can be controlled by changing the direc-tion of pull.In case of overloading, the winch will automatically veer out the to-wing kite.

The towing kite has an emergency release feature for use in extreme situations.

•

•

•

•


roUting systeM & roUte optiMization

The optional weather routing system provides shipping companies with a means to guide their ships to their destinations on the most cost-effective routes and according to schedule.

Experienced meteorologists do the weather routing in four steps:

The towing kite of the SkySails propulsion can be navigated “dynamically”. This means that the autopilot can perform flight maneuvers with the towing kite such as the figure of eight (“8”) in front of the ship.

Modern meteorological methods make precise three to five-day weather fore-casting possible. Major weather systems and weather trends can be forecast for even longer periods. The routing system hence contributes significantly to system safety by means of projecting and preventing risk.

weather forecast

First they determine what kind of performance can be generated with SkySails propulsion under the forecast weather conditions. Potential routes and speeds are then calculated.

decision ModelIncluded in the decision model are the requirements set forth by the shipping company, such as the desired arrival time.

performance calculation

The data from the weather forecast and the decision model flow into the performance calculation. The optimal route is then computed based on the projected performance.

recommended route

And finally the recommended route is translated into way-points and sent to the shipmaster.

high propulsion power by means of dynamic flight

route optimization

adVantages in details

high propUlsion power

The technical possibilities resulting from the spatial separation of the ship and the “sail” or towing kite give SkySails an entirely new performance spectrum.SkySails easily generate five times more propulsion power per square metre sail area than conventional sail propulsions.

9

For the calculation of the tractive force of towing kites the airflow velocity is squared:

fa = cl * p/2 * v² * a

If the airflow velocity is doubled, the tractive force of the SkySails-System qua-druples. In practice, the towing kite can easily reach speeds three times that of the present true wind and more.

At an altitude of 150m the average wind speed is approx. 25% higher than at an altitude of 10m, due to the absence of friction with the earth’s and the water surface. As the kinetic energy of an air mass increases to the power of three with the wind speed, more than twice the amount of energy can be available at the operating altitude of the towing kite than at 10m - depending on the weather conditions.

A further significant technological advantage of the SkySails propulsion is that the towing kites can operate at altitudes between 100 and 300m where stronger and more stable winds prevail.

Since the SkySails-System generates a significantly higher propulsion power per square meter sail area than conventional sail propulsions, it is possible to gain significant savings by using comparatively small sail areas.

For comparison: The 109m long four-mast barque “Sea Cloud” has a sail area of 3,000m² in total. A cargo ship of the same length would be fitted optimally with a towing kite of 300m² in size.

worldwide average wind energypowered by WetterWelt

legend wind energy map:

land

high wind energy

medium wind energy

low wind energy

prevailing wind direction

The high airspeed of the towing kite is particularly relevant since the airflow velocity at the kite’s aerodynamic profile is the key to performance.

Fa : Lifting force of the towing kite

cl : Lift coefficient of the towing kite

p : Density of the air

v : Airflow velocity at the towing kite

A : Surface area of the towing kite

USE OF WIND IN HIGH ALTITUDES

SkySails

50

100

150

200

height abovesurface

traditional rigg

wind energy

0


MiniMal heel

Unlike conventional forms of wind propulsion, the heeling caused by the Sky-Sails-System is minimal and virtually negligible in terms of ship safety and operation.

The tractive forces of the SkySails towing kite are transmitted to the ship at deck level. The lever arm which causes the inclined position (heeling) of con-ventional sailing ships is thus shortened.

dynaMic force control

The position of the SkySails towing kite in relation to the horizon can be varied for the integrated force control of the SkySails propulsion to ensure the ship’s safety. If, for example, sudden, strong winds occur, the autopilot can position the towing kite in the neutral zenith position directly above the ship in max. 30 seconds. In this position the towing kite does not exert any force onto the ship and can thus be safely recovered even in the case of strong winds.

iMproVed behaVior at sea

At sea the SkySails-System damps the waves because the uplifting forces of the towing kite effect a smoother slicing of the ship’s hull into the wave - depend-ing on the ship’s size.

aUtoMatic operation

During operation of the system, an autopilot controls the towing kite. The launch and recovery procedure of the towing kite is carried out largely auto-matically as well. The ship‘s regular crew is adequate for operating the system and no additional personnel costs will arise.

systeM for retrofitting

Due to the compact and universal design, virtually all seagoing cargo ships can be out- or retrofitted with the SkySails propulsion.

The tractive force of the SkySails-System is directed to the bow area over the force transmission point mounted on the foredeck. Generally the existing ship‘s structures are sufficiently dimensioned, since that is where the anchor windlass is also housed. The power transmitted by the SkySails-System is com-parable to that of an ocean-going tug. An appropriate stability computation is made for each vessel prior to the installation of a SkySails propulsion.

wind

mast supportedsailing system

The large lever arm causes the large inclination angle (heel) of a ship with mast supported sailing propulsion

wind

SkySails-System

The minimized lever arm leads to a very small inclination angle of a ship with a SkySails propulsion

zenith position

DYNAMIC FORCE CONTROL by varying the angle of attack

11

hybrid propUlsion

The SkySails-System is used parallel to and for relief of the main engine, if wind conditions allow. The main engine’s propulsion power remains fully available if required.

Marginal spacial reqUireMents

Due to the spatial separation of the kite and the ship’s hull, the reduction of the ship’s effective area by the SkySails-System is economically irrelevant.

The textile towing kite is easy to stow when folded and requires very little space on board ship. A folded 160m² SkySails for example is only the size of a telephone booth.

In contrast to conventional sail propulsions the SkySails-System has no super-structures which may obstruct loading and unloading at harbors or navigating under bridges, since the towing kite is recovered as soon as the 3-mile zone is reached.

iMproVed ship safety

SkySails - as an alternative propulsion system - can also minimize the negative economic effects of engine malfunctions.

In the case of a total breakdown of the main engine, the SkySails-System can be used as emergency propulsion to reduce average risk.

towing kite in zenith position above the ship

retrofit system aboard the MV “Michael a.“

tUrn wind into profit*Effective Load: Tractive force of the system in the direction of the ship‘s course under SkySails standard conditions:ship speed: 10kn / wind speed: 25kn / true wind direction: 130° / SkySails flight mode: dynamic

Ideally, the effective load* specified for the towing kite should range between 70 and 150% of the thrust at NCR generated by the ship’s main propulsion.

sales, installation & serVice

consUlting & sales

From professional advice about buying, to installation and commissioning, all the way to maintenance and repairs: Zeppelin SkySails – the exclusive and worldwide sales and service partner for SkySails – is the one source for com-petent service covering every aspect of SkySails propulsion.

exclusive sales & service partner

Zeppelin SkySails has access to the trusted and reliable service organization of Zeppelin Power Systems, a subsidiary of the renowned Zeppelin Group. For over 50 years Zeppelin has been a partner of Caterpillar, the world’s largest independent manufacturer of diesel engines, and is one of the world-wide leading sales and service organizations for marine engines. Service technicians and replacement parts can thus be brought to almost any port on the globe in the shortest possible time. This is just one way that Zeppelin SkySails ensures that SkySails propulsion delivers maximum availability and an extended service life.

skysails-system

designload[t]

exemplaryvessel - type

length[m]

Main propulsion[kw]

speed atncr**[kn]

Main propulsionthrust at ncr** [t]

effective load*[t]

sks 160

sks 320

16 8

32 16

Buoy Tender

MPP

MPP Heavy-Lift

MPP

54

88

88

133

1,260

1,520

3,840

1,520

11

10.5

10.5

14

8.5

11

23

11

skysails prodUct prograM

skysails-systeMs for cargo ships

Currently, SkySails is offering towing kite propulsion systems for cargo vessels with an effective load* of between 8 and 16 tons. SkySails with an effective load* of 32 tons are planned to be available in 2011. The planned product program comprises towing kite propulsion systems with an effective load* of up to 130 tons.

An effective tractive force of 8 tons by a SkySails corresponds to approx. 600 to 1,000 kW installed main engine power on average - depending on the ship‘s properties (propeller efficiency degree, resistance, etc.).

skysails-system sks c 160 for cargo ships

13

forwarding of technical information

check: installation + savings potential

contract

insurance

class

flagshipyard

installation on the ship by any shipyard

training of the crew by SkySails

(on-board / in-house)

commissioning

SKYSAILS INSTALLATION PROCESS

iiiiii

examination of installation options on board

installation & serVice

supply interfaces

The majority of the SkySails-System components - winch and SkySails Arran-gement Module (SAM) - are installed on the foredeck on mounts welded to the ship‘s hull. The SkySails-System requires a connection to the ship‘s electronics and/or hydraulics on the foredeck. The SkySails workstation for operating the system is installed on the bridge. In addition to a power supply, an appro-priate interface to the ship‘s computer is needed in order to supply the system with the ship‘s data.

installation & commissioning

As part of the installation process, Zeppelin SkySails first compiles a list of all the information and records it requires regarding the ship on which the SkySails-System is to be installed. The designated technical project manager will also inspect the ship together with the customer in order to examine in detail all the installation options on board.

Once this data has been evaluated, Zeppelin SkySails provides all detailed information necessary for the customer to compile and submit the relevant documents for the shipyard hosting the installation, the insurance company and the appropriate classification society.

The SkySails-System is installed on the vessel at the shipyard designated by the client and under supervision of Zeppelin SkySails service staff. The ship can remain in the water during installation.

The components are installed in three steps:

Preparation of the mounts and foundations for winch and SkySails Arran-gement Module (SAM); Cutting of openings for the wiring and hydraulic lines. Reinforcement of the foredeck may be required. Commonly, the ship‘s structure in this area is however already designed with adequate stability due to the reinforcements for the anchor windlass.

Installation of the components winch and SAM on the foredeck mounts. Installation of the SkySails workstation on the bridge.

Laying of the electrical and hydraulic lines and connection of the system components. Winding of the towing rope onto the winch. Stowing the towing kite and control pod in the kite storage.

1.

2.

3.

**NCR (Nominal Continuous Rating): the (revolution) speed to which the main engine is optimized.


As desired or needed, each of the individual installation steps can be per-formed independently, at different times and at different locations. This, for example, allows using extended docking times for loading and offloading to install the SkySails-System.

Standardly, a total of 3 x 2 consecutive workdays are required for installing the SkySails-System. If necessary, a few more days may be required for work on the electric system, which however can usually be completed while the ship is at sea.

The costs of the installation work are handled directly between the shipyard and the client.

Once the installation is complete, a function check of the components fitted on the ship is conducted in port. The function of the entire SkySails-System is tested during subsequent sea trials. Following that a record of delivery verify-ing that the system is in proper working order is issued.

service & Maintenance

With the exception of the control system and the textile-based components (towing kite, towing rope), all components of the SkySails-System can be ser-viced by technically qualified staff, e.g. the ship-based chief engineer. These services can be carried out offshore when the SkySails-System is not in use, but also at a harbor or dock yard.

System components requiring specific know-how are serviced by Zeppelin SkySails specialists.

service and maintenance aboard ship

installation of the skysails arrange-ment Module (saM)

15

cUstoM-tailored serVices

skysails crew training

By means of custom training and instruction SkySails offers shipping com-panies the possibility to optimally prepare their crews for using the SkySails-System efficiently and safely. This training program comprises both theoretical instruction and hands-on training.

skysails basic training

The two-day SkySails Basic Training program teaches the theoretical princi-ples underlying how SkySails is employed. In addition to the fundamentals of SkySails technology and aerodynamics, this instruction focuses on imparting an understanding of how to utilize the SkySails-System during maritime opera-tions, including systems control, monitoring, stability, maneuver performance and deployment conditions, as well as the legal principles governing its use.

SkySails Basic Training is available at SkySails in Hamburg or can be con-ducted by SkySails trainers at a location of choice.

onboard training

Onboard Training reinforces the theoretical knowledge acquired during Sky-Sails Basic Training and develops skills in the on-hand use of SkySails propul-sion.

This practical Onboard Training is offered on board the customer’s vessel.

onboard training

skysails training facilites in hamburg-harburg

Theoretical Principles:

SKS-Systemaerodynamicsship operationlegal principles

Consolidating theoretical know-ledge through hands-on useof the system on board ship

SKYSAILS CREW TRAINING

SkySails Basic Training Onboard Training SkySails-Support Hotline

Utilizationin practice

skyprofit - the conVenient way to MeasUre saVings

clear standards for a secure investment

The SkyProfit savings measurement system lets any shipping company profit from an investment in SkySails propulsion – even when not acting as the charterer itself.

Since gauging fuel savings generated by the SkySails-System is as reliable as it is easy, shipping companies can now bill charterers for the saved fuel either in full or in part.

As an alternative, shipping companies can charge higher charter rates for ships outfitted with the SkySails-System in light of how their reduced operating costs can be fully documented.

SkyProfit measures the fuel savings generated by the SkySails-System right on board the vessel, processes the information and forwards it to the shipping company.

The SkyProfit savings measurement system determines the SkySails’ tractive force, the ship’s speed and fuel consumption while SkySails propulsion is in use. From this the system computes the savings data, which may be accessed at any time through the SkySails-System’s user interface on board the vessel.

The following information can be displayed:• Current tractive force, fuel consumption and savings• Average savings during any given interval (e.g. the last 3 journeys or the past half-year) • Total savings since commissioning the SkySails-System.

A non-manipulative process using secure measuring units and data storage systems tracks and records the data. SkyProfit encrypts and transmits the sa-vings data to a central server at SkySails. Here the data is prepared for further processing at the shipping company. You may choose to have the data sent from there by e-mail, fax or online using a secure web interface to the shipping company, the charterer and/or the owner.

The data is provided at regular intervals. This savings data forms the basis for allocating the profits generated by using SkySails propulsion among the contracting partners.

data on savings

edited data for further processing

savings measurementon board

Server

Shipping Co.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM SKYPROFIT

statUs 05_2009The data provided is subject to further technical development. SkySails accepts no liability for errors and reserves the right to make changes without prior notice.

Manufacturer:SkySails GmbH & Co. KG Veritaskai 3 21079 Hamburg – Germany

Phone: +49 (0)40 – 702 99 – 0 Fax: +49 (0)40 – 702 99 – 333 E-mail: [email protected]

www.skysails.com

Exclusive Sales & Service Partner: Zeppelin SkySails Sales & Service GmbH & Co. KG Ruhrstraße 158 22761 Hamburg – Germany

Phone: +49 (0)40 – 86 69 319 – 0Fax: +49 (0)40 – 86 69 319 – 19E-mail: [email protected]

www.zeppelin-skysails.com

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