turn of the century imperialism 1877-1914
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Ms. Jerome. Turn of the Century imperialism 1877-1914. Map of the World in 1914. Imperialism:. A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. 1861-1865. Preoccupied. Why Imperialism?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Ms. Jerome
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Map of the World in 1914
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Imperialism:
A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
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1861-1865
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Why Imperialism?
Why do you think America sought options abroad at the turn of the century?
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1. Commercial/Business Interest— overseas markets Exporting manufactured goods Exporting agricultural products Expand or explode! Booming increase of population,
wealth, industrial production
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1. Continued
America’s GDP—the total value of goods and services—quadrupled between 1870 and 1900.
American farmers: Farmers depended on supply and
demand Farmers always needed their products to
be in demand Foreign markets would supply constant
buyers to American surplus
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2. Military/Strategic Interests With imperialism comes power America sought to locate forces
around the world—extend beyond borders for military reasons
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3. Social Darwinist Thinking
A hierarchy of race
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4. Religious/Missionary Intentions To spread religion. “Christianize” heathens “Civilized” Christian cultures spread their
way of life to “lesser” cultures Early advocate: Reverend Josiah Strong
(pictured) An attempt to mute criticism of the
economic motives behind the adoption of an imperialist policy
Noneconomic justification for expansion
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5. Closing the American Frontier Frederick Jackson Turner “The Significance of the Frontier in
American History” (1920) Turner’s belief that territorial
expansion promotes social, economic, and political stability.
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Notes on American Territorial Acquisitions
before the Spanish-American War
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Hawaii
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Hawaii
An independent nation Sugarcane attracted American
planters 1875 Treaty—gave Hawaii sugar
duty-free entry into the American market Declared the island off limits to the other
powers 1887 treaty—gave U.S. naval rights at
Pearl Harbor
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Hawaii cont’d
The McKinley Tariff of 1890 increased average tariff rate for imports to the U.S. at 48.4%-- tariffs protect manufacturing.
However, it also abruptly ended Hawaii’s access to American market$
Sugar planters began to plot an American takeover of the islands so that Hawaiian sugar would be treated as a domestic product.
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Hawaii
January, 1893: Led a coup over the kingdom of Hawaii
July 6, 1898, after approval from the House and Senate, Hawaii as a U.S. territory.
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Alaska
1867 the U.S. purchased Alaska from Imperial Russia for 7.2 million $$$ CHEAP!
Russia—anxious to unload baron wasteland
Secretary of State Seward (an expansionist) “Seward’s Folly”
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What does Alaska give the U.S.