the new imperialism 1869-1914 chapter 27
DESCRIPTION
The New Imperialism 1869-1914 Chapter 27. The New Imperialism: Motives and Methods. Introduction. The New Imperialism Territorial conquest for reorganization of world economy Food and raw materials Africa Direct Latin America indirect. Political Motives. National Prestige - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The New ImperialismThe New Imperialism1869-19141869-1914Chapter 27Chapter 27
The New Imperialism: Motives The New Imperialism: Motives and Methodsand Methods
IntroductionIntroduction
The New ImperialismThe New Imperialism– Territorial conquest for reorganization of world Territorial conquest for reorganization of world
economyeconomy– Food and raw materialsFood and raw materials
AfricaAfrica– DirectDirect
Latin AmericaLatin America– indirectindirect
Political MotivesPolitical Motives
National PrestigeNational Prestige
Colonial Agents took initiativeColonial Agents took initiative
Cultural MotivesCultural Motives
Missionary workMissionary work– Other people believed that Europeans and Other people believed that Europeans and
Americans were superior Americans were superior
Young men wanted adventureYoung men wanted adventure– Popular causePopular cause– Extension of nationalismExtension of nationalism
Economic MotivesEconomic Motives
IndustrializationIndustrialization– Demand for goods: minerals, crops, and Demand for goods: minerals, crops, and
stimulantsstimulants
EntrepreneursEntrepreneurs– Invest in: plantations, railroads, mines in Invest in: plantations, railroads, mines in
Africa, Asia, and Latin AmericaAfrica, Asia, and Latin America– Diplomatic supportDiplomatic support
The Tools of the Imperialists The Tools of the Imperialists (Technology)(Technology)
Industrial revolution made it possible for Industrial revolution made it possible for Europeans and Americans to build the “New Europeans and Americans to build the “New Imperialism”Imperialism”– SteamshipsSteamships– Suez CanalSuez Canal– Submarine cablesSubmarine cables– QuinineQuinine
AfricaAfrica
– Machine guns, breechloader, smokeless powderMachine guns, breechloader, smokeless powder
Colonial Agents and Colonial Agents and AdministrationAdministration
Colonialism is the system of administering and Colonialism is the system of administering and exploiting colonies for the benefit of the home exploiting colonies for the benefit of the home countrycountry– Direct or indirect (protectorate)Direct or indirect (protectorate)– Colonial administrationColonial administration
Indigenous elitesIndigenous elites
Youths trained for modern jobsYouths trained for modern jobs
Women were not involved in imperialism. When Women were not involved in imperialism. When women came to colonies, racial segregation women came to colonies, racial segregation increased. Why?increased. Why?
The Scramble for AfricaThe Scramble for Africa
EgyptEgyptEgyptian khedives carried out expensive Egyptian khedives carried out expensive modernization projects.modernization projects.– High interests loansHigh interests loans– French and British occupy Egypt for ___ years French and British occupy Egypt for ___ years
to secure loans. to secure loans.– Economic development benefited Economic development benefited
only elite landownersonly elite landowners– Western v. IslamWestern v. Islam
Western and Equatorial AfricaWestern and Equatorial Africa
King Leopold II of BelgiumKing Leopold II of Belgium– CongoCongo
FranceFrance– Northern bankNorthern bank
Berlin Conference 1885-86Berlin Conference 1885-86– Met with resistanceMet with resistance
West AfricaWest Africa– Trade networksTrade networks
Equatorial AfricaEquatorial Africa– Cash cropsCash crops
Southern AfricaSouthern Africa
Why was it attractive to European settlers?Why was it attractive to European settlers?
English defeated the Zulu and XhosaEnglish defeated the Zulu and Xhosa
Cecil Rhodes used his British South Africa Cecil Rhodes used his British South Africa Company to take over land in central Company to take over land in central AfricaAfrica– RhodesiaRhodesia
British control was consolidated when they British control was consolidated when they defeated the Afrikaners in South African defeated the Afrikaners in South African War (1899-1902). War (1899-1902).
In 1910 the Europeans settlers created the In 1910 the Europeans settlers created the Union of South Africa, the Afrikaners Union of South Africa, the Afrikaners controlled the government and established controlled the government and established a system of segregation (apartheid) until a system of segregation (apartheid) until the mid 90s. the mid 90s.
Political and Social Political and Social ConsequencesConsequences
Some Africans welcomed EuropeansSome Africans welcomed Europeans
Some, like Ethiopia resisted 1896Some, like Ethiopia resisted 1896– Menelik IIMenelik II
Colonial PoliciesColonial Policies– Cash cropsCash crops
Low paid jobsLow paid jobs
urbanizationurbanization
– Hut taxesHut taxes– Head taxesHead taxes– Women lost propertyWomen lost property
Cultural ResponsesCultural Responses
MissionariesMissionaries– Practical skillsPractical skills– ContradictionContradiction
IslamIslam– Colonization helped spreadColonization helped spread
Trade, urbanizationTrade, urbanization
Asia and Western DominanceAsia and Western Dominance
Central AsiaCentral AsiaBetween 1865 and 1876 Russia took over Between 1865 and 1876 Russia took over nomadic Kazhak’s land. They also took nomadic Kazhak’s land. They also took over the oases land of the Qing.over the oases land of the Qing.– Little effect on the peopleLittle effect on the people
Southeast Asia and IndonesiaSoutheast Asia and Indonesia
Burma, Malaya, Indochina, and northern Burma, Malaya, Indochina, and northern Sumatra were conquered from 1850 to Sumatra were conquered from 1850 to 1900. 1900.
Siam independentSiam independent
– Rich in cropsRich in crops– China and IndianChina and Indian– Increase in populationIncrease in population– IslamIslam– nationalismnationalism
Hawaii and the PhilippinesHawaii and the Philippines1878-19021878-1902
Hawaii annexed in 1898Hawaii annexed in 1898
Spanish American WarSpanish American War– Philippines annexed in 1898Philippines annexed in 1898
Aguinaldo led rebellion against U.S.Aguinaldo led rebellion against U.S.
Imperialism in Latin AmericaImperialism in Latin America
Railroads and the Imperialism Railroads and the Imperialism Free TradeFree Trade
Latin America’s natural resources made Latin America’s natural resources made them targets for them targets for free trade imperialism.free trade imperialism.
England and the U.S.’s entrepreneurs England and the U.S.’s entrepreneurs financed railroads in order to exploit the financed railroads in order to exploit the agricultural and mineral wealth of Latin agricultural and mineral wealth of Latin America. America.
American Expansionism and the American Expansionism and the Spanish American War, 1898Spanish American War, 1898
Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine – Kept out EuropeansKept out Europeans– Latin America all to myselfLatin America all to myself
Spanish-American WarSpanish-American War– Puerto RicoPuerto Rico– CubaCuba
American Intervention in the American Intervention in the Caribbean and Central America, Caribbean and Central America,
1901-19141901-1914
Military intervention to encourage Military intervention to encourage repayments of loans.repayments of loans.– U.S. occupation of:U.S. occupation of:
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Cuba, Dominican Republic,
Nicaragua, Honduras, and HaitiNicaragua, Honduras, and Haiti
Panama Canal 1903Panama Canal 1903
The World Economy and the The World Economy and the Global EnvironmentGlobal Environment
Expansion of the World Expansion of the World EconomyEconomy
Imperialists brought their colonies into the Imperialists brought their colonies into the mainstream of the world market.mainstream of the world market.– Canals, steamships, harbor improvements, Canals, steamships, harbor improvements,
railroadsrailroads
Transformation of the Global Transformation of the Global EnvironmentEnvironment
Economic changesEconomic changes– DeforestationDeforestation– Transported plantsTransported plants– IrrigationIrrigation
Increased populationIncreased population
Demand for gold, iron and other minerals Demand for gold, iron and other minerals led to mining booms that brought toxic run-led to mining booms that brought toxic run-off from open mines. off from open mines.