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TRANSCRIPT
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
The context of substance use inThe context of substance use inIreland from a EuropeanIreland from a European
perspectiveperspective
(and some other interesting things …)(and some other interesting things …)
Dr Saoirse Nic GabhainnDr Saoirse Nic GabhainnDirectorDirector
Health Promotion Research Centre,Health Promotion Research Centre,
National University of Ireland, GalwayNational University of Ireland, Galway
First of all …..First of all …..
and all the school managements, teachers, SPHEand all the school managements, teachers, SPHEcoco--ordinators, parents and childrenordinators, parents and children
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Broad aims of HBSCBroad aims of HBSC
HBSC aims to :
increase our understanding of young people's health and well-being,health behaviours and their social context
develop a multi-disciplinary international network of researchers asa source of expertise and intelligence on adolescent health forpublic health, health education and health promotion
inform and influence policy and practice at national and internationallevels
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
BackgroundBackground
HBSC has 43 member countries/regions in Europe andNorth America, a network of more than 300 researchers
A collaborative project between national research teamsin partnership with WHO European Office
Surveys conducted every 4 years using standardinternational questionnaire in all countries
Data collected in schools from 11, 13 and 15 year olds,but in Ireland from 3rd class – pre leaving certificate.
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Survey instrumentSurvey instrument
Health and behaviour
Perceived health, well-beingand life satisfaction
Smoking, drinking & cannabisuse
Physical activity and sedentarybehaviour
Eating and dieting
Body image
Height and weight
Sexual behaviour
Bullying and fighting
Injuries
Social and developmentalcontext
Family structure andrelationships
School environment andrelationships
Peer relations and socialbehaviour
Socioeconomiccircumstances
Pubertal development
Local area
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
HBSC ‘Risk’ measuresHBSC ‘Risk’ measures
Risk taking = behaviour that has potential to harm physical,mental or social well-being in short or longer term
Substance use (tobacco, alcohol and cannabis)
Sexual behaviour (intercourse and contraceptive non-use)
Violence
High consumption of soft drinks, low fruit & vegetable diet
Dieting behaviour
TV watching (sedentary behaviour and exposure to advertising)
Medication use
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Substance UseSubstance Use Weekly Smoking
Weekly Drinking
Drunkenness twice or more
Lifetime cannabis use (15 year olds only)
Last 30 days cannabis use (15 year olds only)
Other substance use variables include, age of initiation, othersubstances, other time frames, peer substance use
Gender, age, affluence and geographical patterns
Regional data from State of the Nation’s Children Reports (SONC)
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Weekly tobacco useWeekly tobacco useAge 11 (15th)
Girls - Ireland 1% Range: from <0.05% - 4% in Greenland and Russia
Boys – Ireland 2% Range: from <0.5% -- 5% Ukraine and Russia
Age 13 (17th)
Girls – Ireland 6% Range: from 1% Israel - 22% Greenland
Boys – Ireland 6% Range: from 1% Norway & Sweden - 15% Russia
Age 15 (16th)
Girls – Ireland 20% Range: from 7% Israel - 48% Greenland
Boys – Ireland 19% Range: from 7% Canada & US - 37% Greenland
In half of countries at age 15, girls smoke more than boys, and low affluence is a riskfor girls in about half of countries
Smoking has been steadily decreasing in Ireland, as in most of western Europe
SONC (age 9-17) national 8.5% / west 9.1%
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
15 year olds students who report smoking15 year olds students who report smokingweeklyweekly
BOYS GIRLS
HBSC 2005/6HBSC 2005/6
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Weekly Drinking AlcoholWeekly Drinking AlcoholAge 11 (33rd)
Girls - Ireland 1%: Range from 0% Norway, Iceland, Denmark & Finland - 20%Ukraine
Boys - Ireland 2%: Range from 1% Norway - 24% Ukraine
Age 13 (31st)
Girls - Ireland 4%: from 1% Norway - 25% Ukraine
Boys - Ireland 7%: from 2% Norway & Greenland - 38% Ukraine
Age 15 (29th)
Girls - Ireland 19%: from 7% Poland - 47% Ukraine
Boys - Ireland 19%: from 11% Norway & Greenland - 59% Ukraine
Weekly drinking is more common among boys, rises substantially between ages 13 and15 and is not consistently related to affluence. The UK countries stand out.
Weekly drinking has been quite stable in Ireland
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
15 year olds students who report drinking15 year olds students who report drinkingalcohol weeklyalcohol weekly
BOYS GIRLS
HBSC 2006HBSC 2006
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
DrunkennessDrunkenness -- twice or moretwice or moreAge 11 (31st)
Girls - Ireland 1%: Range from <0.5% - 6% Russian Federation
Boys - Ireland 2%: Range from 1% - 9% Bulgaria, Israel
Age 13 (22nd)
Girls - Ireland 7%: Range from 1% TFYR Macedonia - 26% Wales
Boys - Ireland 10%: Range from 3% Norway - 27% Wales
Age 15 (20th)
Girls - Ireland 31%: Range from 11% Israel - 56% Denmark
Boys - Ireland 36%: Range from 18% Malta - 59% Denmark
Drunkenness is more common among boys, rises substantially between ages 13 and 15and is not consistently related to affluence.
Drunkenness rates has been stable in Ireland
SONC (age 10-17) drunk in last 30 days 20.4% / west 19.3%
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
15 year olds students who report having been15 year olds students who report having beendrunk twice or more frequentlydrunk twice or more frequently
BOYS GIRLS
HBSC 2006HBSC 2006
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Lifetime Cannabis UseLifetime Cannabis Use
Age 15 (12th)
Girls – Ireland 21%: Range from 2% Romania & Greece - 34% Canada
Boys – Ireland 26%: Range from 4% TFYR Macedonia - 36% Switzerland
Cannabis use is more common among boys, and is not consistently related to affluence.Rates are highest in Canada and the US - plus some northern/western Europeancountries
SONC (age 10-17) cannabis use lifetime 15.7%/13.5%
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
15 year olds students who report lifetime15 year olds students who report lifetimecannabis usecannabis use
BOYS GIRLS
HBSC 2006HBSC 2006
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Last 30 days Cannabis UseLast 30 days Cannabis Use
Age 15 (12Age 15 (12thth))
GirlsGirls –– Ireland 7%Ireland 7%: Range from <0.5% Romania: Range from <0.5% Romania -- 15% Canada15% Canada
BoysBoys –– Ireland 11%Ireland 11%: Range from 1% Romania: Range from 1% Romania -- 17% Canada, Spain17% Canada, Spain
Cannabis use is more common among boys, and is not strongly related to affluence.Cannabis use is more common among boys, and is not strongly related to affluence.Rates are highest in Canada and the USRates are highest in Canada and the US -- plus Spainplus Spain
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
15 year olds students who report cannabis use in15 year olds students who report cannabis use inlast 30 dayslast 30 days
BOYS GIRLS
HBSC 2006HBSC 2006
Protective School FactorsProtective School Factors
At the school level Positive levels of integration, less truancy, fewer repeatees,
pupils who like school
Relationships with classmates Trust and fun (especially for girls)
Relationships with teachers Feel liked and included (especially boys)
School participation Autonomy, parental support for school
School satisfaction Liking school
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Irish dataIrish data School belonging
I feel safe, belong, school is a nice place to be
Teacher relationships: I can get extra help, teachers are fair, encouraged to express
views, teachers interested in me
Peer relationships Students enjoy being together, are kind and helpful, accept me
as I am
From McGrath and Nic Gabhainn (2010)
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Health Behaviour in SchoolHealth Behaviour in School--aged Children: WHO collaborative crossaged Children: WHO collaborative cross--national study www.hbsc.orgnational study www.hbsc.org
Further informationFurther information
http://www.nuigalway.ie/hbschttp://www.nuigalway.ie/hbsc
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Find out more about HBSCFind out more about HBSC
http://www.nuigalway.hprchttp://www.nuigalway.hprc
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