truman doctrine & marshall plan
TRANSCRIPT
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Truman Doctrine & Marshall
Plan
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The Truman Doctrine
• Stated that “it must be the policy of the
United States to support free peoples
who are resisting attempted subjugation
by armed minorities or by outside
pressures.”
• This basically said that we would help
anyone out who was trying to resist
communism
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Truman Doctrine– This speech was given on March 12, 1947
when Harry Truman was asking for $400
million in economic and military aid to
Turkey and Greece to prevent them from
falling to the influence of communism.
– Congress agreed and spent the money
– This greatly reduced the risk of a communist
takeover of these two countries
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The Marshall Plan– Europe was in economic ruin
– Factories were destroyed, London only had
enough coal to heat homes for a few hours a day,
and people were starving to death in Berlin
– Bridges, roads and rail systems were destroyed
and the Communist parties in France and Italy
were flourishing.
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Marshall Plan• U.S. Secretary of State George C. Marshall
called for a program of massive aid to rescue
western Europe from disaster
– Marshall laid out his plan at Harvard’s graduation
ceremony in 1947 stating “Our policy is directed not
against country or doctrine, but against hunger,
poverty, desperation, and chaos.
– Aid was offered to all European countries including
the Soviet Union. The Soviets rejected it saying it was
an “imperialist scheme”
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The Berlin Blockade
– The United States, Britain, and France unified West Germany and organized a government while the Soviets opposed the unification of West Germany
– In April of 1948 the Soviets began to restrict traffic into West Germany and in June they stopped traffic altogether.
• This was in the hope of the Allies either giving up Berlin or the plan to unify West Germany
• The Allies didn’t budge saying that if Berlin fell to Communism the rest of Europe would be next.
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The Berlin Airlift
– The Allies used planes to deliver
over 5,000 tons of food and
equipment to West Berlin during
the blockade
– On May 12, 1949, after lengthy
talks the Soviets lifted the
blockade
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NATO
– On April 4, 1949 the North Atlantic Treaty
was signed into an outright military alliance.
• Countries in the agreement were: USA, Canada,
England, France, Belgium, the Netherlands,
Luxembourg, Denmark, Iceland, Italy, Norway,
Portugal, Greece and Turkey
• This alliance stated that an attack on any one of
these countries would be a direct attack on all of
these countries.
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