transformation of the west 1450-1750 summary of 3 major internal changes breakdown of religious...
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Transformation of the West
1450-1750
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Summary of 3 Major Internal Changes
• Breakdown of Religious Unity
• Centralization of Power
• Intellectual Movements
Renaissance and Reformation
Age of Absolutism
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
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What does it mean?• Ushers Europe into the modern age• Europe catches up and passes
Asia/Islamic World• Increase commercialization create a
new social organization in Europe A distinct and growing Middle Class
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Reformation Period1400-1500s
Reformation-Direct Challenges to the authority and doctrines of the
Catholic Church
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Why it happened when it did?
1. Great Schism
• Competition for converts and monies
•Adopt a more world view
• Split into Eastern and Western Churches
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2. Corrupt Church PracticesWhy it happened when it did?
Indulgences
Simony
Selling Holy Relics
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3. Flowering of Renaissance Thought
Why it happened when it did?
•Focus on Humanism
•Call for Religious Tolerance
•Demand for Religious Choice
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4. Printing Press
Why it happened when it did?
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Why it happened when it did? • Early Reformers challenge the Church
John Wycliffe John Hus
•Challenged Pope’s authority•Bible was the word of God•Hus was executed•Wycliffe’s body burned
Martyrs
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6. Luther’s posting of 95 theses
Why it happened when it did?
•Arguments against Catholic church ideas ofauthority and salvation
•German states containeda sympathetic audience
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Immediate Effects1. Political and social challenges to the
ChurchGerman Princes Peasants
Merchants
Resented the political power of the church
Protested the tithe
Wanted the ban on usury lifted
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2. Inspired creation of other Groups (Protestant Churches)
Immediate Effects
Challenged Catholic Church:
•Authority
•Doctrine
•Style of Worship
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Highlight “direct differences between churches
•Christian
•Jesus is Son of God
•Bible is word of God
•God’s law is supreme
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1. End of religious unity in Europe
Long Term Effects
PolandHoly Roman Empire )
FRANCE
Spain
England
Byzantine Empire
Russia
Europe in 1400
Religious Map of Europe, 1560
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2. Movements toward Democracy
Long Term Effects
-Inspired belief that individuals control their destiny
-Protestant nations were less likely to rule with an absolute monarch
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3. Religious Wars
Long Term Effects
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Religious Wars: 1500s-1600s
•Protestant v. Catholic Interest
•Resulted in more religious tolerance
•Underlying Political issue