tramil traditional knowledge of the use of medicinal plants in central america and the caribbean

TRAMILTRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE USE OF MEDICINAL

PLANTS IN CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE

The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program

TRAMILpartly suported by

UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME UNEP& GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GEF



A region of strong biological and cultural diversityA region of strong biological and cultural diversity

With high floristic diversity and unique concentrations of With high floristic diversity and unique concentrations of

plant species plant species

A mosaic of traditional knowledge about medicinal plants A mosaic of traditional knowledge about medicinal plants

from African, European, and Indigenous cultures from African, European, and Indigenous cultures

Threatened by loss of cultural systems and conversion Threatened by loss of cultural systems and conversion

of local agricultural and forest ecosystemsof local agricultural and forest ecosystems

BackgroundBackground

An applied research programme about An applied research programme about traditional popular medicine of the Caribbean traditional popular medicine of the Caribbean basin that started in 1982 in Haiti and the basin that started in 1982 in Haiti and the Dominican RepublicDominican Republic

Based on ethnopharmacological surveys all Based on ethnopharmacological surveys all over the Caribbean basin and Central Americaover the Caribbean basin and Central America

Followed by a collective validation process by Followed by a collective validation process by members of the TRAMIL network (regional and members of the TRAMIL network (regional and international specialists in the fields of international specialists in the fields of ethnobotany, pharmacy, medicine and social ethnobotany, pharmacy, medicine and social fieldwork) at the occasion of periodic scientific fieldwork) at the occasion of periodic scientific workshopsworkshops

With a feed-back of the information to the With a feed-back of the information to the scientific community and to the local communities scientific community and to the local communities in order to promote health education programs in in order to promote health education programs in the areathe area

What is the TRAMIL Program ?What is the TRAMIL Program ?

TRAMIL TARGET GROUP

TRAMIL ELECTRONICCONFERENCE

PROGRAM COMPONENTS

Conservation

EthnobotanyPhytochemistryPharmacologyToxicologyPre-Clinic

Universities CommunitiesHealth workersHealth Programs

Homegardens Botanic GardensDomestication

RESEARCH

capacity building

Networking

NationalRegional



SOME SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT TO TRAMILUniversity of Antilles / Guyane - GuadeloupeAutonomous University of Santo Domingo - Dominican RepublicCentral University of VenezuelaUniversity of Antioquía (Medellin) - ColombiaUniversities of Haití, Panamá, Costa Rica, HondurasUniversity of San Carlos - GuatemalaState University of Campinas, São Paulo - BrasilNational Autonomous University of León - NicaraguaMinistry of Health and Health Faculty - CubaBotanical Garden Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso – Dominican RepublicScientific Research Center of Yucatán - Mérida, México



Goals and objectives of TRAMIL (2002 - 2005)Goals and objectives of TRAMIL (2002 - 2005) Scientific validation of traditional health practices Scientific validation of traditional health practices

based on criteria for safety and efficacy based on criteria for safety and efficacy

Assessment of the conservation status and Assessment of the conservation status and

development of development of in-situin-situ and and ex-situex-situ management management

strategies for medicinal plants in selected sites of the strategies for medicinal plants in selected sites of the

Caribbean BasinCaribbean Basin

Contribution to the development of national health Contribution to the development of national health

and education policies, and primary healthcare and education policies, and primary healthcare

delivery that integrates safe and effective traditional delivery that integrates safe and effective traditional

remedies remedies

SCIENTIFIC WORSHOPS: for example: TRAMIL 10CLAYTON, Canal ZonePANAMA, March 2001

IMPACTFac. Med. Dr. S. Allende, Pharmacology, Habana, Cuba.RESEARCH: for example:



SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED OUTPUTS OF THE TRAMIL PROGRAMOUTPUTS OF THE TRAMIL PROGRAM

- Incorporation of the Caribbean Pharmacopoeia in primary - Incorporation of the Caribbean Pharmacopoeia in primary healthcare programs. Preparation of updated healthcare programs. Preparation of updated EnglishEnglish, Spanish , Spanish and French versions of the documentand French versions of the document

- Dissemination of information through community education - Dissemination of information through community education and public awareness programs using radio, didactic manuals, and public awareness programs using radio, didactic manuals, newspapers, video, posters, electronic forum and Web pagesnewspapers, video, posters, electronic forum and Web pages

- Evaluation of the legal status of traditional remedies in national - Evaluation of the legal status of traditional remedies in national health systems and promotion of national legislation to protect health systems and promotion of national legislation to protect biodiversity property rightsbiodiversity property rights

Ethnobotanical inventories

TREATMENTS USED FOR: (local name of the problem) · Illness description: · First treatments (the last time the problem has come out): ___ traditional plants ___ healer ___ medical officer ___ witch doctor · Description and way of preparation of the remedy: . Etc...

TRAMIL survey particularitiesTRAMIL survey particularities

TRAMIL analysis system does not rest only on the qualitative, but also on the quantitative approach. The primary tool of the analysis is participative ethnopharmacological survey. Its starting point is not in the plants but in the health symptoms or problems.

Colombia Costa RicaCubaGuadalupeGuatemala

Guyana Francesa Honduras

HaitíNicaraguaPanamá República Dominicana

TRAMIL (TRIGS) scientific work has taken place in the following Caribbean countries :

139 specific biological tests had been realized up to 2003 218 specific biological tests are currently being realized

from 2004 to 2005

ESPECIE USOS SIGNIF. TR TRIG SOLICITADO A

TRIG Tipo de ensayo

Parte usada Modo de Preparacion

Acalypha arvensis Poepp. & Endl. CIFLORPAN,Pa fitoqu’mica (con derivados cianogenˇticos post decocci—n)

hoja decocci—n

Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm.

gripe: flor, decocci—n, v’a oral

ISCM-H, Cu (plan B)

antipiretica oral flor decocci—n

Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm.

gripe: flor, decocci—n, v’a oral

ISCM-H, Cu (plan B)

antitusiva oral flor decocci—n

Alternanthera tenella Colla CIFLORPAN,Pa fitoqu’mica hojaAllium schoenoprasum L. asma: bulbos tostados,

machacado, infusi—n, v’a oral

LEBI,CR broncodilatadora (antiasm‡tica)

oral bulbos tostados-machacados-infusi—n

infusion

Allium schoenoprasum L. asma: bulbos tostados, machacado, infusi—n, v’a oral

LEBI,CR toxicidad cr—nica oral bulbos tostados-machacados-

infusion

Anacardium occidentale L. diarrea CIFLORPAN,Pa antibacteriano Gram Neg

in vitro corteza jugo del fruto maduro fresco (pednculo engrosado)

Annona reticulata L. diarrea, dolores abdominales y flatulencias:

LEBI,CR tr‡nsito intestinal oral hoja decocci—n

Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.=C. bicolor DC.

dolor de muelas: hoja, decocción, vía oral

Inst. Biologia, U. Campinas, Br

analgˇsico oral hoja decocci—n

Cardiospermum halicacabum L. dermatosis pruriginosas: hoja, machacada, en ba–os

CICY, Me distribuci—n geogr‡fica

Cordia dentata Poir. = alba gripe: flor, decocci—n, v’a oral

U. Cartagena/Co fitoqu’mica y analisis proximal

flor

Haematoxylum campechianum L. torcedura, traumatismo: hoja, zumo con sal, v’a oral

Inst. Biologia, U. Campinas, Br

antiinflamatoria oral hoja natural



THE USE OF SAFE AND EFFECTIVE MEDICINAL THE USE OF SAFE AND EFFECTIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CAREPLANTS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Conclusions of the consultative process between the Conclusions of the consultative process between the TRAMIL Network and Health Officials / Rectors from Central TRAMIL Network and Health Officials / Rectors from Central

America, Cuba and the Dominican RepublicAmerica, Cuba and the Dominican Republic

Workshop held in Panama City, January 1999 Workshop held in Panama City, January 1999



Collaboration between the Health Ministers, the Universities and the Health Collaboration between the Health Ministers, the Universities and the Health related NGOs in order to promote Health Policies for Regulation and adequate related NGOs in order to promote Health Policies for Regulation and adequate Use of Medicinal Plants Use of Medicinal Plants

Development of Joints Programs and Actions for the Use of safe and effective Development of Joints Programs and Actions for the Use of safe and effective Medicinal Plants in support of Primary HealthcareMedicinal Plants in support of Primary Healthcare

Case studies to evaluate acceptance of recommended remedies by doctors and Case studies to evaluate acceptance of recommended remedies by doctors and other health practitionersother health practitioners

Provision of multidisciplinary training and curriculum development in health Provision of multidisciplinary training and curriculum development in health science programmesscience programmes

Collaboration between the Health Ministers, the Universities and the Health Collaboration between the Health Ministers, the Universities and the Health related NGOs in order to promote Health Policies for Regulation and adequate related NGOs in order to promote Health Policies for Regulation and adequate Use of Medicinal Plants Use of Medicinal Plants

Development of Joints Programs and Actions for the Use of safe and effective Development of Joints Programs and Actions for the Use of safe and effective Medicinal Plants in support of Primary HealthcareMedicinal Plants in support of Primary Healthcare

Case studies to evaluate acceptance of recommended remedies by doctors and Case studies to evaluate acceptance of recommended remedies by doctors and other health practitionersother health practitioners

Provision of multidisciplinary training and curriculum development in health Provision of multidisciplinary training and curriculum development in health science programmesscience programmes

AN ENGLISH VERSION IS NOT AVAILABLE LACK ON FINANCIAL RESOURCES

SPANISH SECOND

EDITION IN PROCESS

IMPACTSetting technical guides for the culture of Caribbean medicinal plants

Local communities participating in the project

Traditional Knowledge andconservation of Medicinal plants in Honduras, Panama,Nicaragua andDominican Republic

Community Gardens of MP With Participation of the Ministry

of Health in Panama and localCommunities in Colon, Panama

IMPACTS

EDUCATION MATERIAL FOR THE DISSEMINATION COMPONENT

CAPACITY BUILDING IN GUATEMALACAPACITY BUILDING IN GUATEMALA

Training in herbarium techniques

Identification of species in-situ.

Scientific validation

Résumé de Résumé de la démarche la démarche scientifique scientifique

TRAMILTRAMIL

Politiques de SSP

Ministères de la SantéFacultés médecine, pharmacie

scientifique directe

Soins de santé primaire

ONGséducation pour la santé

adaptations culturellepour difusion populaire

Diffusion & Formation

Publications(Pharmacopée végétale,

revues scientifiques & Internet)

Comité éditorial

pour usages REC & TOXélaboration de monographies pré-finales

Conventions, financement,réalisation des travaux(toxicité et validation)

identification des labos compétents

pour usages INVdétermination recherches nécessaires

Classification de chaque usage

Atelier scientifique TRAMIL

Monographie préliminaire

Documentation scientifique

Enquête ethnopharmacologique

SOMEANSWERS

TO

F A Q

TRAMIL PROGRAM: enda-caribbean/UAG



TRAMIL is TRAMIL is notnot::

...only scientific research

...self sustainable at present

...a profit making program

...related to any international pharmaceutical company



TRAMIL is TRAMIL is notnot::

...exhaustive (it only deals with the most common health problems)

...limited to any particular ethnic group

…expandable out of a uniform regional ecological context

…ethnomedicine or ethnobotany (but applied ethnopharmacology)



TRAMIL is TRAMIL is notnot dealing with: dealing with:

…the preparation of an analytic vegetal pharmacopoeia properly speaking.

…solutions for very serious and complex health problems

…taking advantage of the knowledge of traditional healers

…industrial production

…new medicines (new drugs)

…identification of active molecules

ALTHOUGH TRAMIL IS POPULAR, IT IS ALSO SCIENTIFIC

ALTHOUGH TRAMIL IS SCIENTIFIC, IT IS ALSO POPULAR

CONTACTS

PROGRAMME TRAMIL/enda-caribe/UAG

Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie végétales

Dép. de Biologie - UFR SEN BP 592, 97159 Pointe à Pitre

(FWI) GUADELOUPE&

Internet: www.funredes.org/endacaribe/traducciones/tramil.html

apdo 3370SANTO DOMINGO

e.mails: <[email protected]><[email protected]>

tramil traditional knowledge of the use of medicinal plants in central america and the caribbean

Documents

tramil program

caribbean slide

tramil traditional knowledge

lagoswitte tramil

objectives of tramil

tramil target group

development of national

mxico slide