Total Participants: 92

Animal Husbandry Agriculture & Fisheries

Power Road Construction

PHED KSNDMA

PWD Panchayati Raj

Health Water Resources

Revenue Civil Defence

Training Programme on Post Disaster Needs Assessment Venue: Bengaluru, Karnataka

NIDM conducted the programme on Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) at the request of Government of Karnataka through State Disaster Management Authority (KaSDMA). The programme was conducted on January 21-23, 2019 at Hotel Capitol, Bengaluru. About 92 participants from various line departments such as Agriculture, PWD, PHED, Civil Defence, Horticulture and Education attended the programme. The programme was inaugurated by Shri B. H. Anil Kumar, Addl. Chief Secretary, Government of Karnataka.

At the outset, Dr. Bishwanath, Consultant KaSDMA welcomed the dignitaries and participants. He thanked NIDM for conducting the said programme on their request and also thanked Shri B.H. Anil Kumar, National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) for taking time out of his busy schedule for inaugurating the programme. Prof. Santosh Kumar then briefed the participants about the contents to be covered during the programme. He said that NIDM, jointly with Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre, Bangkok, has developed customized PDNA tools for the assessment of the impact of disasters under the World Bank assisted National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project. The tool would help in identifying needs for long-term disaster recovery. The PDNA tool, after the completion of the study, was circulated to the Central Ministries and State Governments for seeking their comments and valuable inputs. He also apprised the participants about the process followed during the development of the PDNA module. In his inaugural address, Shri B. H. Anil Kumar welcomed NIDM to the state of Karnataka and informed that PDNA is a scientific mechanism developed by NIDM under National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project (NCRMP). He said that the existing mechanism for assessment of damage and needs prevailing in the country is of adhoc nature and at times is not accepted by donor agencies. The new mechanism is a value addition on the existing mechanism in case of emergencies. Shri Narayanappa, Dy. Secretary, Deptt. of Revenue, Government of Karnataka then proposed the vote of thanks.

Programme Objectives: To sensitize officials about the new PDNA tools and the engage them in the process of computing

The objective of the PDNA tools is to establish a standardized mechanism based on scientific approach for conducting post disaster needs assessment for recovery and reconstruction. The newly developed tools are based on the existing damage assessment system in India and an internationally-accepted methodology which has been used worldwide and adopted by the United Nations Development Group (UNDG), the European Union (EU) and the World Bank (WB) which signed a joint declaration in 2008 on Post-Crisis Assessments and Recovery Planning.

The tools (Handbook, Manual and SoP) were developed on the basis of an analysis of existing

Report

System in India with recommendations derived from best international practices. The current version is completely customized to Indian conditions, which will enable the comprehensive and scientific assessment of recovery and reconstruction needs on the basis of a thorough analysis of disaster effects and impacts. The tool incorporates the physical, socio-economic and environmental aspects and helps in achieving a prompt and all-inclusive recovery as well as disaster-resilient reconstruction that involves reduction of disaster risk. The Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) has been adapted for India, on the basis of best current international practices and customized to local conditions, which will enable the comprehensive and scientific assessment of recovery and reconstruction needs on the basis of a thorough analysis of disaster effects and impacts. This methodology should not be seen as a replacement or substitute for the existing approach which States use for the development of the Relief Memorandum. It should be noted that the methodology treats with a separate and additional area of disaster management and that is recovery and reconstruction following a disaster while building resilience to future events. To undertake this new methodology, a core team of sector specialists from State and National levels must be trained. In this way the burden of work of the Revenue Commissioners will not be increased. A thorough analysis has been made of the strengths and weaknesses of the existing system for estimation of disaster effects and impacts and of recovery and reconstruction needs assessment in India. This analysis, conducted in light of current international practices, reveals that the existing system in India may be described as relief-centered. While the existing system is efficient in defining the amounts of relief assistance to be provided to affected population in accordance to previously- defined criteria, and enables the prompt disbursing such assistance to disaster-affected people, it does not enable the comprehensive and systematic estimation of overall disaster impact nor the scientific estimation of recovery and reconstruction needs and the estimation of financial requirements for such purpose. The data collected for such response assessments is insufficient to enable a full and scientific analysis of the consequences of the disaster on living conditions, quality of life and on the socio-economic development of those who are affected. As a result, recovery is left almost exclusively to the initiative and the capacity of each affected person and takes an unnecessarily long time, thus frustrating people´s aspirations and delaying their return to normal levels of wellbeing. In addition, relief assistance at the present time is only provided to part of the affected population – i.e. mostly to the poorer strata of the affected population – and not all affected sectors of the economy are included, which is not conducive to a prompt recovery. Furthermore, the amounts of response assistance are clearly insufficient for affected families to enable them to rebuild their destroyed assets; in the absence of other sources of capital for reconstruction, people resort to rebuild their homes and other assets applying lower standards of quality and using inadequate construction materials and disaster risk – rather than being reduced – is increased after disasters.

• Damage (direct impact) refers to the impact—valued at agreed replacement (not reconstruction) unit prices—on assets, stock (including final goods, goods in process, raw materials, materials, and spare parts), and property. The assessment considers the level of damage in terms of whether an asset can be rehabilitated or repaired or if the asset has been destroyed completely.

• Losses (indirect impact) refer to flows that will be affected, such as production declines, reduced incomes, and increased expenditures, over a time period until the economy and assets are recovered. The estimates are quantified at present value.

• Economic and social impacts include macroeconomic impacts, poverty impacts, employment and livelihoods impacts, and social impacts. The analysis aims to measure these impacts at the national and sub-national levels.

S. No Name and Designation 1. P K Binoy KAS

Executive Officer, Kodagu2. R. Lakshmidevamma

Municipal Tahsildar, Tumkur3. Dr.Shivanna

Asst Director, AH & VS, Chamarajanagar4. M Somashekar

Asst Engineer, Mysuru5. H B Shivaram,

AEE, PWD, Madikeri6. Dr.Ramesh Dikpal,

Project Scientist, KSNDMC, Bengaluru7. Dr.Nandeesha

Project Scientist, KSNDMC, Bengaluru8. B. Sudhir

Disaster Management Professional, Mysuru.9. N. Nithyanand ,

Disaster Management Professional,Bengaluru.

10. S. SadashivaiahDeputy Director, Kodagu.

11. B. ReshmaSenior Geologist, DMG

12. S N Gopinath,Disaster Management Professional,Shivamoga.

13. C G Mallikarjun,DDP, Haveri.

14. B R Shivaraj,Disaster Management Professional,Koppal.

15. S.Sashikala,Principal, Directorate of Collegiate Education,Bengaluru.

16. K R Mahadeva MurthyAEE, RWS, Kollegala.

17. M P Muthuraju,AEE, PRED, Gundlupet.

18. B Mohan Kumar,Govt.RC College, Bengaluru.

19. S Santosh,Karnataka Civil Defence, QRT, Bengaluru.

20. Jonathan AaronKarnataka Civil Defence, QRT, Bengaluru.

21. NagendranKarnataka Civil Defence, QRT, Bengaluru.

22. Dr.PRSChetan,Commanding Officer, KCD, QRT, Bengaluru.

List of Participants

23. S. Brijesh,Karnataka Civil Defence, QRT, Bengaluru.

24. M SaiSuraj,Karnataka Civil Defence, QRT, Bengaluru.

25. Shyam W Maximillian,Karnataka Civil Defence, QRT, Bengaluru.

26. S Vinod KumarKarnataka Civil Defence, QRT, Bengaluru.

27. Smt.SumaHegde K,Microbiologist, H&FW, Udupi.

28. M.K,Gundappa,Asst Engineer, PMGSY, Madikeri.

29. S Nagesh,Disaster Management Professional,Chikaballapura.

30. A S Harish Kumar,Typist, Revenue Dept(DM), Bengaluru

31. Venkatesh Bulla,Disaster Management Professional,Raichur.

32. Shivananda RajnalDisaster Management Professional,Gadag.

33. Vijaykumar Pujar,Disaster Management Professional,Mangaluru.

34. Ravi Ojanahalli,Disaster Management Professional,Udupi.

35. Anjan Kumar,Project Scientist, KSNDMC, Bengaluru

36. Dr Shivakumar A C,DHO, Kodagu.

37. D Veerabhadraswamy,AEE, PWD, T.Narsipura.

38. L Hemanth Kumar,SADH, Udupi.

39. G Venkatesh,Asst Engineer, PWD, Mysuru

40. Dr.Kavana K N,Asst Director.

41. Dr.Ranjith G,Medical Officer, Udupi

42. Dr.Gopal N G,Medical Officer, Udupi

43. Dr.Sathya Shankar,Medical Officer, Udupi.

44. Prof.S.Gaviyappa,Principal, GFGC, Kengari.

45. H C Shambhu Gowda,GFGC, Bengaluru.

46. Dr.Vinutha D NDisaster Management Professional,Bengaluru Rural.

47. MarthandAsst Director, Agriculture Dept, Bidar

48. Chidananda GRFO, Mangaluru.

49. N J Ganesh Kumar,AO, TP, Madekeri.

50. Sangayya T Swamy,G-II, Tahsildar, Bidar.

51. Lakshmi PEO, Kodagu.

52. Jayashree,G-II, Tahsildar, Humanbad, Bidar.

53. Dr. Geetha N RSLAO, Tumkur.

54. Puttegowda,SO, KSNDMC, Bengaluru.

55. Dr.Ushamalani,Asst Professor, Govt Science College, Bengaluru.

56. Dr.Vishwaradhya T MAH&VS, Mangaluru.

57. K Raju,JD, Agriculture Dept, Kodagu.

58. K S Chandrashekar,DD, Agriculture Dept, Kodagu

59. M L Ramesh,Commissioner, Kodagu.

60. M R JayannaAsst Engineer,CMC, Mandya.

61. Dr.Govinda SethPrincipal, GFGC, Bengaluru

62. Venkatesh . C,ADA, Mysuru.

63. Dr.ShaheenaBanu,Asst Professor, Maharani College, Bengaluru.

64. Dr.G.Nagaraja,Govt R C College, Bengaluru

65. Mohan Kumar,Govt R C College, Bengaluru

66. H G Gowtham,DDW, Karnataka Civil Defence, QRT,Bengaluru.

67. Prof. Sunil Nantigal,ISEC, Bengaluru.

Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA)

NIDM

PDNA :TOOL FOR MOVING AHEAD

• Futuristic approach• Brings reforms in the sector• Understanding disaster effect, impact, quality of life,

strategy for future development discourse• Reconstruction strategy and needs• Build Back Better• The most critical is perspective of the victims first

What is Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA)?

• PDNA is intended to define the needs to ensure a prompt and efficient recovery of pre-disaster conditions and a reconstruction with disaster-resilient features; it is not to be confused with the estimation of relief requirements as currently practiced in India.

• The PDNA enables the estimation of post-disaster needs, on the basis of the quantitative assessment of disaster effects and impacts in all affected sectors of social and economic activity, as well as at different levels of analysis

• A PDNA is a unified, scientific and comprehensive analysis of disaster effects and impacts for the estimation of recovery and reconstruction needs

• PDNA is a tool to determine development investment in the different sectors against its exposure of Risks

3

Why We Conduct Post-Disaster Needs Assessment?

To quantify the financial needs for economic recovery and reconstruction

To define government priorities for intervention in different geographical areas, sectors and population groups based on estimated gaps in production, growth and development

To create capacity of government to design post-disaster programs and/or to define international cooperation needs

To provide basis for monitoring progress in implementing recovery and reconstruction programs

To provide guidance for ex ante disaster risk reduction schemes

What is the Evolution of Post Disaster Needs Assessment?

Country specific Adaptation2008-2015

PDNA in India

Gujarat Earthquake 2001, Kosi Flood 2008, Uttarakhand Floods 2013, Cyclone Phailin 2013

Source :1. Manual on Administration of SDRF/NDRF, Ministry of Home Affairs, GoI, (revised -2013)

Current Practice for Damage Assessment

(i) not all affected population is included to receive assistance;

(ii) not all sectors of economic and social activity are included in the analysis and some sectors are only partially included;

(iii) the assessment concentrates on relief assistance and only very partially covers recovery assistance and little or no reconstruction of destroyed assets using risk-reduction features; and

(iv) more often, only the government sector damages are assessed. The amount of assistance to be provided have remained at fixed levels for a number of years, with only minor and partial adjustments for inflation.

Current Practice – Challenges Observed

Source: http://nidm.gov.in/pdf/ncrmp/PDNA-3.pdf

Standardized PDNA tools relevant to IndiaAppropriate system of Post Disaster Needs Assessment in IndiaRecommendations for integrating the new PDNA tools in the existing procedures Identification and building the capacities of relevant stakeholders

Advocacy and creating demands for PDNA in India

Create a panel of experts for subsequently undertaking assessments

1. Development of standardized PDNA tools for India

2. PDNA Professional Development 3. PDNA Portal4. Accounting for private Sector Losses

1. Assessment of the existing procedures of

PDNA in India

2. Analyze and document

international PDNA methodologies

3. Develop standardized PDNA

tools and techniques for India

4. Institutionalization of PDNA tools and

techniques

Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) Study for India

Process Objective

Outputs

Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) Study for India(commissioned under the NCRM Program)

Stakeholder Engagement Project Management

Project Management Unit(PMU)

National Institute of Disaster Management

Central Review Committee (CRC)

National Disaster Management Authority

Ministry of Home AffairsGovt. of India

State Level Stakeholders

Andhra PradeshAssamBihar

GujaratJammu & Kashmir

MaharashtraOdisha

Tamil NaduUttrakhandWest Bengal

SDMA, Research & Training Institutions

Ministries & Departments

Housing, Roads & Bridges, Education, Health , Rural development, Agriculture and allied activities, Tourism, Women and Child, Social Welfare, Environment & Forest, Transport, Water Resources, Irrigation (Minor and Major), Communication, Animal Husbandry, Public Health Engineering, Commerce and Industries, Power sector, Public Works, Urban Development, Municipal Corporation, Labor, Small Scale Industries, Sales tax & excise,

Value Addition of PDNA India Tool

• At part with International Methodology, PDNA India tools is comprehensive and objective approach, which will enable the estimation of total value of destroyed assets and of decline in the production of goods and services in the entire society, economy and the environment

• To achieve sustainable recovery and disaster-resilient reconstruction, ensuring that the correct amounts of required resources are assigned

Key Features

Value Addition of PDNA India Tool

• Based on an evidence-based approach that utilizes the existing system of national accounts of India

• Endeavors to estimate the value of destroyed assets and of production decline caused by the disaster, in both public and private sector domains

• Estimate the impact of the disaster at macro-economic level (i.e. on GDP, BoP, and Fiscal position) at national and State levels, as well as at personal or household level (in terms of income decline and cost of living increases)

Key Features

Value Addition of PDNA India Tool

• Estimate the financial requirements to achieve recovery of production and household wellbeing, and the cost of disaster-resilient reconstruction

• It only requires utilization of normally-available statistical baseline information and field collection of additional primary information on damage and production decline

Key Features

Value Addition of PDNA India Tool

• The methodology enables identification of the affected population and categorizes them according to primary, secondarily and tertiary affected groupings, whose post-disaster requirements are different.

• Disaster effects and impacts are conducted at the household and at the personal levels, including the differential impact by gender.

Key Features

2. ESTIMATION OF TOTAL DISASTER EFFECTS

3. DISASTER IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES

MACRO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ESTIMATION

SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

4. ESTIMATION OF POST-DISASTER RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION NEEDS

Environment Tourism

Agriculture, Livestock and

Fisheries

Mining and Quarrying

Transport Housing

Manufacturing

Communications Sector

Electrical Water Supply and Sanitation

Trade or Commerce

Education Health Culture

Value Addition of PDNA India Tool

A. Hands on Manual on Sectoral Assessment B. Disaster Effect and Impact Analysis

C. development of long term Recovery Framework

EmergencyResponse

Disaster

Post RR

Post DisasterAssessment

RRPlan

PhaseOutPlan

LongertermDev’tPlan

Interrupted development

ReconstructionRecovery

NormalDevelopment

Rapid Assessment

PDNA India ToolsExample: Resilient Recovery Process

What is Newly Developed PDNA India Tool ?

Pre-Approved Versions

Value Addition of PDNA India Tool

PDNAIndia

Resource Portal

PDNA Training Module

Trainingof

Trainers

Regional Trainings

Rosterof PDNA Professionals

Capacity Building and Disseminations

PDNA India ToolsExample: Sectoral Analysis

Estimation of disaster effects

Baseline data collection

Field visits and surveys

Estimation of damage and production losses

Aggregation of damage and production losses

Estimation of disaster impact

Macro-economic impact analysis

Macro-social impact analysis

Personal/household impact analysis

Estimation of post-disaster needs

Recovery needs

Reconstruction needs

Assessment report preparation

Steps in assessment

• Develop baseline for assessment• Develop post disaster situation• Develop damage and loss sestor by sector basis• Estimate total value of damage and loss• Estimate macro- economic impact of damage and

losses• Estimate impact on peronal and family income

Pre disaster situation

• Baseline of physical assests within affected area, before the occurrence of disaster

( damage)Baseline of performace on production and sales within

affected area, expected before disaster occurs ( Losses)

Pre disaster sector performance• Calendar of agriculture and allied production

activities • Production and sales forecasts for ongoing and

subsequent years• Statistical information –volume of production, yeild

prices- whole sale and retail• Data on volume of transport• Electricity production and sale• Industrial output • Service sector outputs etc

• Field survey and take a stock of collapse structure of each sector

• Develop typology of structure• obtain prevailing and recovery costs• Develop preliminary calendar of recovery and

reconstruction of physical assests

Post disaster – sector performance

• Realistic estimation of period of recovery and reconstruction – sector wise

• Formulate expected post disaster performance expected repairpossible interim supplyexpected recovery of production

Estimate expected temporary production recovery schedule , income and costs

Way forward ….

• Approval of the Ministry for undertaking pilot with the state governments

• Organize a disclosure and sensitization workshop with the state or in different states. ( regional or state wise)

• Professional development / professional cum trainer development capacity building

• Development of national roaster of professionals.

Way forward • NDMA is drafting long Term Recovery framework.

PDNA should be integrated with it as its pre-requisite.

• On the request of the affected state, MHA may initiate for PDNA

• PDNA , initially may work as central govt assistance to the states as NDRF and other support.

• A task force/working group may be constituted .

• On completion of PDNA , the state govt can draw its long term recovery framework .

• And, prioritize its resources • Re design its development investment for the future• Take essential policy initiatives for risk reduction

thank you