Project: Mở rộng mạng MAN-E Cisco 2015

IP Multicast Implementation

Nội dung

Module 1 : Multicast Introduction

Module 2: IGMP and Layer 2 Issue

Module 3: Multicast Routing Protocol

Module 4: PIM SM Auto RP Announcement

Module 5: PIM SM and PIM SSM Configuration

Module 6: Introduce IPTV Model for MAN-E

Module 1: Multicast Introduction

Implement Multicast

Why Multicast ?

Multicast & Unicast

Multicast Advantages

Multicast Disadvantages

Type of Multicast Application

IP Multicast Application

IP Multicast Basic Addressing

IP Multicast Basic Addressing (cont.)

Layer 2 Multicast Addressing

Module 2: IGMP and Layer 2 Issue

Implement Multicast

IP Multicast Protocol Suite

IGMPv2

Multicast routers use IGMP to maintain information for each router interface about which multicast group traffic they should forward and which hosts want to receive it

IGMPv2 – Joining a Group

IGMPv2 – Maintaining a Group

IGMPv2 – Leaving a Group

IGMPv3 – Joining a Group

IGMPv3 – Changing a Group

Determining IGMP version running

Layer 2 Multicast Frame Switching

Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution

Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution - CGMP

Layer 2 Multicast Switching Solution – IGMP Snooping

Module 3: Multicast Routing Protocol

Implement Multicast

Multicast Protocol Basic

Shortest-Path Tree

Shortest-Path Tree (cont.)

Shared Distribution Tree

Multicast Distribution Tree Identification

Multicast Forwarding

PIM-DM Flood and Prune

PIM-DM Flood and Prune (cont.)

PIM-DM Flood and Prune (cont..)

PIM Sparse Mode

PIM-SM Shared Tree Join

1. The leaf routers knows the IP

address of the RP for group G

and sends a (*,G) Join for this

group towards the RP

2. Building a branch of the Shared

Tree that extends from the RP

to the last-hop router directly

connected to the receiver

PIM-SM Source Registration

1. Source encapsulates

multicast data in Register

Message and unicasts to

RP

2. RP encapsulates the

multicast data packet

inside of the Register

message and forwards it

down the Shared Tree

3. The RP also sends an

(S,G) Join back to the

source network S to

create a branch of an

(S,G) Shortest Path Tree

PIM-SM Source Registration (cont.)

1. As soon as the SPT is

build from teh Source

router to the RP,

multicast traffic begins to

flow natively from the

souce S to the RP

2. Once the RP begins

receiving data natively (ie

down the SPT) from

source S, it sends a

Register Stop to the

source's first hop router

to inform it that it can

stop sending the unicast

Register messages

PIM-SM Source Registration (cont..)

At this point, multicast traffic from the source is flowing down the SPT

to the RP and from there, down the Shared Tree to the receiver

PIM-SM SPT Switchover

The default behavior for the PIM-

SM leaf routers attached to active

receivers is to immediate join the

SPT to the source as soon as the

first packet arrives via the (*,G)

Shared Tree.

Can change SPT-Threshold –

meaning multicast traffic rate

before switchover

PIM SSM

• Source-Specific Multicast (SSM), defined in RFC 4607, extends this concept to identify a set of multicast hosts not only by group address but also by source.

• IANA has reserved for SSM the IPv4 address range 232.0.0.0/8

• PIM SSM uses PIM SM work with IGMPv3 to build SPT only toward to Source.

• Advantages of PIM SSM

– SSM channel is defined by both a source and a group address, group addresses can be re-used by multiple sources while keeping channels unique.

– SSM does not rely on the designation of a rendezvous point (RP) to establish a multicast tree.

Module 4: PIM SM Auto RP Announcement

Implement Multicast

Auto RP Discovery Overview

Router can use one of the following three methods to learn the IP address of an RP:

The RP address can be statically configured on all the PIM-SM.

The Cisco-proprietary Auto-RP protocol can be used to designate the RP and advertise its IP address so that all PIM-SM routers can learn its IP address automatically.

A standard BootStrap Router (BSR) protocol can be used to designate the RP and advertise its IP address so that all the PIM-SM routers can learn its IP address automatically.

Auto-RP Protocol

Step 1:

The RP sends RP-Announce messages to the reserved multicast address 224.0.1.39 stating that the router is an RP.

The RP-Announce message also allows the router to advertise the multicast groups for which it is the RP, thereby allowing some load-balancing of the RP workload among different routers.

Step 2:

One router be configured as a mapping agent.

The mapping agent multicasts another message, called RP-Discovery 224.0.1.40 to informs the general router population as to which routers they should use as RPs.

Auto-RP Protocol

Simple Auto RP Configuration

BSR Protocol

1. The candidate-RPs send their

candidate-RP advertisements

directly to the elected BSR

2. The bootstrap message sent by

the BSR includes information about

all the candidate-RPs. BSR

message uses PIM Message hop-

by-hop on each router.

3. Each router uses a common

algorithm to select the same RP

address for a given multicast group

Simple BSR Configuration

On each router: ip multicast-routing

On each interface: ip pim sparse-mode

On Router A,C: ip pim rp-candidate loopback 0

On Router B: ip pim bsr-candidate loopback 0

Module 5: PIM SM & PIM SSM Configuration

Implement Multicast

PIM-SM Configuration Commands

PIM-SM Configuration Commands (cont.)

Auto-RP configuration

BSR configuration

PIM SSM Configuration Commands

Enable PIM SSM

Inspect Multicast Routing Table

Show ip mroute

Finding PIM Neighbor

Show ip pim interface

Show ip pim neighbor

Show ip pim rp

IOS & IOS XR

Enable Multicast Routing

Static RP

Auto-RP Configuration

IOS & IOS XR (cont.)

BSR Configuration Enable PIM SSM

Module 6: Introduce IPTV Model For MAN-E

Implement Multicast

IPTV & VoD Service Model VoD:

1. STB unicasts to EPG and VoD

Server

2. U-PE relays STB’s DHCP

message to DHCP server

3. User isolation at Metro

switches , DSLAM and

Bridge-domain split horison

IPTV:

1. IP Multicast from BTV server

to STB

2. Using PIM SSM for multicast

routing. U-PE & PE-AGG must

have routes to BTV server in

IP routing table.

3. U-PE must map IGMPv2 to

IGMPv3 in case of STB

doesn’t support IGMPv3

PIM SSM Mapping on U-PE

Example of configuring PIM SSM and SSM Mapping on U-PE

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING !

Project: Mở rộng mạng MAN-E Cisco 2015