tourism development and sdgs achievement · pdf fileisland“ (iran, tc, 2015-2018)...

JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY

2017 NOVEMBER, JAMAICA

TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

AND SDGs ACHIEVEMENT

Copyright © 2017 Japan International Cooperation Agency. All rights reserved.

JICA OVERVIEW (FY16)

2

Japan

ODA

Multilateral

Assistance

Grants*

Technical

Cooperation

Loan Aid

*Except Grant programs that Japan’s Ministry of

Foreign Affairs continues to implement directly.

Donation to

International

Org.

Bilateral

Assistance

140 new Grant projects

(in 53 countries)

$ 2,828 million

549 TC projects ongoing

(in 88 countries)

$ 2,765 million

57 new Loan Aid projects

(in 25 countries)

$ 5,593 million

JICA

Number of

developing

Countries targeted

for assistance

154

Number of

overseas offices

96

Number of staff

1,864

Copyright © 2017 Japan International Cooperation Agency. All rights reserved. 3 3

JICA IN THE TOURISM SECTOR

Technical

Cooperation

$190M

Loan Aid

$937M

Dispatched

experts

1,078

Youth volunteers

180 Other volunteers

113

Highlights (1990-2015)

• “Project for Establishment of the Pilot Model for Regional Tourism Development” (Myanmar, TC, 2013-2017)

• “Anzali Wetland Ecological Management Project Phase II” (Iran, TC, 2014-2019)

• “Project for Community-based Regional Tourism Development in Petra Region” (Jordan, TC, 2015-2018)

• “Tourism Development Training for the Middle East” (Egypt, Training, 2015-2018)

• “Heritage Tourism Development Advisor (Jordan, Expertise, 2016-2918)

• “Community-based Sustainable Tourism Development in Haa and Capacity Building on CBST in Bhutan”

(Bhutan, TC, 2015-2018)

• “Project for Community-Based Sustainable Development Master Plan of Qeshm Island toward "Eco-

Island“ (Iran, TC, 2015-2018)

Ongoing JICA Tourism Projects* *not exhaustive

Copyright © 2017 Japan International Cooperation Agency. All rights reserved. 4

I. Do tourism development projects really impact all 17 SDGs?

II. Are tourism development projects making enough contribution to SDGs?

III. How can we improve the contribution of tourism development projects to SDGs?

THREE KEY QUESTIONS FOR TOURISM

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AND SDGS

We are conducting research (not concluded), to answer these questions.


AGENDA

1. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND SDGS

1. IMPACT OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON SDGS

2. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IMPROVEMENT APPROACH

3. FURTHER PERSPECTIVE ON TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS



(METHODOLOGY)

Target

Org.

Domestic Research Overseas Research

Japan Overseas Development Aid Agency (1):

JICA

Multilateral Development Bank (5):

The World Bank (WB) / Africa Development Bank

(AfDB) / Asia Development Bank (ADB) / Inter-

America Development Bank (IDB) / Asia

Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)

International Organizations (6):

UNWTO / UNEP / UNDP / UNESCO / ILO / UNFAO

Bilateral Donor Agency (9):

USA (USAID) / Germany (GIZ, KfW) / France (AFD)

/ United Kingdom (DFID) / Netherlands / Canada

(CIDA, DFATD) / Norway / New Zealand, Korea

(KTO)

2011-2016

List of projects provided by JICA Database of organizations, news and other public

sources

52 156

Time

Period

Approach

Project

#



% of tourism development projects targeting each SDG

(2011-2016 accumulated) % of projects

Total 208 projects

35,7%

0,5% 2,0%

14,1%

9,0%

15,1%

3,0%

66,3%

22,1%

12,1%

28,6%

18,1%

12,6% 12,1%

26,6%

17,1%

42,2%

0,0%

10,0%

20,0%

30,0%

40,0%

50,0%

60,0%

70,0%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17


0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

9

SDG1

No Poverty

Year

THE FOCUS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

CAN BE FLEXIBLE BASED UPON GLOBAL PRIORITIES.

2011: Fourth United Nations

Conference on Least Developed

Countries—peak number of project

contributing to SDG 1 Poverty

Reduction

Tou

rism

Con

trib

uti

on



0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

10 Year



SDG15

Life on Land

Tou

rism

Con

trib

uti

on

2011: A peak number of projects

contributing to SDG 15 Life on land

was recorded in the International

Year of Forests



0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

11 Year



Tou

rism

Con

trib

uti

on

SDG6

Clean

Water and

Sanitation

2013: International Year of Water

Cooperation saw a 44% increase

in projects contributing to SDG 6

Clean Water and Sanitation



0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

12 Year



Tou

rism

Con

trib

uti

on

SDG14

Life Below

Water

2014: International Year of Small

Island Developing States saw a

122% increase in projects

contributing to SDG 14 Life Below

Water

1. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND SDGs



Possibly, “Yes.”

Tourism development projects can be flexible and based upon

global priorities. This means that, with proper planning and

assessment, tourism can contribute to all SDGs.

1. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND SDGs





2. IMPACT OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON SDGs


Compute the average SDG achievement score for targeted countries based on the SDG Index & Dashboards Report produced by the Bertelsmann Stiftung Foundation in Germany.


(METHODOLOGY)


59,1

42,3

48,9 49,6 46,8

58,1

42,4 44,8

23,0

51,8 51,5

64,5 67,5

39,9

52,7 51,4

55,5

0,0

10,0

20,0

30,0

40,0

50,0

60,0

70,0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Achievement Score

SDGs Average Achievement Score

in Low and Lower-Middle Income Economies*


*”Low-Income economies” and “Lower-Middle-Income economies” defined by World Bank


TOURISM DEVELOPMENT HAS CONTRIBUTED TO LOW

ACHIEVEMENT SDGS

Implementing a “Ridge to Reef” Approach to Protect Biodiversity

and Ecosystem Functions in Tuvalu (GEF & UNDP)

Tuvalu

The project adopted an integrated water, land, forest and

coastal management approach to preserve biodiversity and

the native ecosystem.


Tourism development projects can contribute to low achievement

SDGS such as SDG 14, but the impact needs to be properly assessed.


% of tourism development projects targeting each SDG

(2011-2016 accumulated) % of total projects*

*Total 208 projects

35,7%

0,5% 2,0%

14,1%

9,0%

15,1%

3,0%

66,3%

22,1%

12,1%

28,6%

18,1%

12,6% 12,1%

26,6%

17,1%

42,2%

0,0%

10,0%

20,0%

30,0%

40,0%

50,0%

60,0%

70,0%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17



TOURISM DEVELOPMENT HAS SIGNIFICANTLY

CONTRIBUTED TO SDG 8 AND SDG 17

Project for community tourism development through public - private partnership in

Simien Mountains National Park and surrounding areas (JICA)

Ethiopia

The project promotes the National Park as a tourism

resources and gives the local community an opportunity

to participate in the tourism sector, while at the same

time, protecting a UNESCO World Heritage park.


Tourism development projects contribute to SDG 8 and should be fairly

evaluated.



Maybe not.

We need to properly assess project impact and there is much

room for improvement, particularly leveraging tourism’s

diverse reach and versatile nature to connect with all SDGs.

2. IMPACT OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON SDGs


SDG8 : Decent Work And Economic Growth

“Tourism is one of the driving forces of global economic growth and currently

provides for 1 in 11 jobs worldwide.

By giving access to decent work opportunities in the tourism sector, society –

particularly youth and women – can benefit from increased skills and professional

development. the sector's contribution to job creation is recognized in Target 8.9:

“By 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that

creates jobs and promotes local culture and products”.

UNWTO’s interpretation of SDG 8

giving access to decent work opportunities in the tourism sector

increased skills and professional

development

Leverage UNWTO’s interpretation

and create indicators


QUANTITATIVE APPROACH


Indicators Framework Sample

8.1.1 Number and proportion of decent jobs for youth, women and all

8.1.2 Average skills of people in tourism sector for youth, women and all

8.2.1 Sales and proportion of tourism service and/or local made products

8.2.2 Maturity of tourism sector SMEs

8.2.3 Number of SMEs providing tourism services and products


QUANTITATIVE APPROACH


Mekong Discovery Trail Project (UNWTO)

8.1.1 Number and proportion of

decent jobs for youth, women and all

--60% women, 10-20% youth, 3250

tourism jobs

8.2.1 Sales and proportion of tourism

service and/or locally made products

--45,000 USD

8.2.2 Maturity of tourism sector SMEs

--263 small businesses and

microenterprises

Cambodia

The Mekong Discovery Trail was a pro-

poor, community based ecotourism

development project.


QUANTITATIVE APPROACH - CASE STUDY



COLLABORATIVE APPROACH - CASE STUDY

Involved Stakeholders

Measurable

Outcomes

Mekong Discovery Trail Project (UNWTO)

*based on the field interviews by project members

Operation

and Maintenance

Ma

in

imp

lem

en

ter

Assis

tin

g a

nd

co

nsu

lted

Implementation Planning

Community Employee

Legends



We believe that tourism development needs to be more data-

driven and collaborative to achieve:

Better planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation;

and

Full utilization of stakeholders’ expertise and strengths

throughout the lifecycle of a project, in particular, from the

planning phase.



4. FURTHER PERSPECTIVE ON TOURISM

DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

We can set targets for tourism development projects flexibly. We should

leverage the diversity of tourism development with a flexible approach and

proper evaluation methods.

Tourism development could have made contributions to SDGs which have

not been captured in assessment. Such contributions should be fairly

recognized.

We are leading development of the Tourism Development Indicators Tool-kit

in cooperation with UNWTO in order to evaluate contributions in an

objective manner.

We need to strengthen collaboration among stakeholders from the first

planning phases. Promoting an innovative approach with multiple

stakeholders is also strongly recommended.


4. FURTHER PERSPECTIVE ON TOURISM


BEST PRACTICE – INNOVATIVE APPROACH IN TOURISM


Japan has a unique patented technology, for the reproduction or “cloning” of “cultural properties.”

This technology is realized by measuring properties with 3D measuring techniques, which are then reproduced with 3D printers using expert techniques.

At the G7 Ise-Shima Summit meetings, ''Terrorism and Culture‘’ in 2016, reproduced properties of a ceiling mural in Afghanistan that had been destroyed by the Taliban, were exhibited.

This technology would contribute to the addressing issues of destroyed cultural property, according tourism development.


THANK YOU

Contact Info for further Inquiry

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Toshiyuki Nakamura

[email protected]

Yoshihito Urano

[email protected]

tourism development and sdgs achievement · pdf fileisland“ (iran, tc, 2015-2018)...

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