3. St. James Cathedral

10. Fairmont Royal York

11.Union Station

12. Royal Bank Plaza

9. Toronto Dominion Centre

13. Brookfield (BCE) Place

15. St. Lawrence Centre for the Performing Arts

1. St. Lawrence Market

16. Sony Centre for the Performing Arts

17. Flatiron Building

4Consumers’ Gas building5.

Toronto St. Post Office

2.St. Lawrence Hall

Architectural History – HIST12797Tour starts and ends at St-Lawrence Market.

We have 2 hours to complete this walking tour - it’s about 3kms.

GOOD LUCK!

8. First Canadian Place 6.

Scotia Bank

7. CIBC – old & new

14. Hockey Hall of Fame

18. Beardmore Bldg.

Tour Route

Start

XX

You can walk through Brookfield Place to the Hockey Hall of Fame –‘map my walk’ wouldn’t let me though!

Start & End

Architects: Henry Bowyer Lane

Year: 1845

Use: Toronto City Hall and Jail House - currently large marketplace

Architectural construction and materials: Tinted glass, limestone, granite, red brick, white stone.

Other information: Built in Georgian tradition and influenced by Romanesque style.

Resources:St. Lawrence Market.” A little piece of history”. St.Lawrence Market,2011. http://www.stlawrencemarket.com/history

ST-LAWRENCE HALL

Architect: William Thomas

Year: 1849

Architectural Style: Renaissance Revival

Use: Amphitheatre inside. Past - hall for abolition meetings, balls, receptions, concerts, lectures, political and cultural center Now - weddings, galas, private events

Architectural construction and materials:- 16 Corinthian capitals columns- plastered tall ceiling, 34 feet above the wooden floor- Stone construction on bulk of exterior

Other information:Designated as historic site in 1967- Housed several important Abolition meetings in the

years when Canada was receiving thousands of Underground Railroad refugees from American slavery

- Fell into despair for nearly 70 years until restored by the city of toronto ofr the countries 100th celebration

Resources:http://www.torontoboutiquecondos.ca/account/293cf56311025868/Gallery/carousel/3.jphttp://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/st-lawrence-hall/

ST. JAMES CATHEDRALArchitect: Frederick William Cumberland and Thomas RidoutYear: 1850 - 1874Architectural Style: Gothic RevivalUse: ChurchArchitectural construction: stone structure, arch, flying buttress, vault

Architectural material: Local stone and brick, glass, copperOther information: The Tower and spire remain the tallest in Canada and second tallest in North AmericaDestroyed by fire three times.

CONSUMER’S GAS BUILDING

Architect: David B. Dick (facade in 1899)

Year: 1852, bought building to north in 1876 (designed by DIck and Grant Architects) facade covering both buildings was done in 1899 (by David B DIck)

Architectural Style: Neo-Renaissance/Revival Renaissance

Use: Consumer’s Gas head office -- now it is the Rosewater supper club

Materials built with: Stone with granite columns

Other Information: Renovated in 1983 by Stone and Kohn Architects for the Counsel Trust Company

Source: http://torontoplaques.com/Pages/Consumers_Gas_Building.html

TORONTO STREET POST OFFICE

Architect: Frederick William Cumberland and Thomas Ridout

Year: 1851-53

Architectural Style: Greek Revival

Use: It served as the city’s seventh post office, then became home to the internal revenue service and the Bank of CanadaThe Toronto Street Post Office Building is now home to the Morgan Meighen and Associates, a private investment company

Materials: The building was primarily made out of stone

Other: sold to its current tenant as the most expensive real estate per square foot in Canada

Source: http://heritagetoronto.org/torontos-first-post-offices/

SCOTIA PLAZA

Architects: WZMH Architects

Year: 1986-88

Architectural Style: Post-modern

Use: Office tower, bank headquarters, gold-bullion vault in the basement (only one in Canada)

Architectural Construction and materials: Red Napoleon Granite, quarried in Sweden, cut and polished in Italy, then imported to Canada, covers much of the exterior and many interior surfaces. Windows are dark tinted glass framed by the granite. Reinforced concrete.

Other information: 3RD tallest building in Canada

Architects: Mathers and Haldenby with Beck and Eadie

Year: constructed between 1946 and 1951

Architectural Style: Beaux-Arts

Use: Banking Headquarters, office space

Architectural Construction and materials: Limestone, concrete, steel

Other information: Heritage status, 1975

Resources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotia_Plaza

Original Beaux-Arts Building:Architects:Pearson and Darling, with York and SawyerYear: 1930

Style: Beaux-ArtsMaterials/Construction: concrete, limestone, steelUse: commercial/banking

Tower:Architects: Pie Cob Freed and Partners, with Page and Steele

Year: 1972-76Style: InternationalMaterials/Construction: glass curtain wall, stainless steel

Use:headquaters of canadian bank of commerceOther: 65 retail shops in below gradeResources:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commerce_Court

CIBC Plaza or Commerce Court

FIRST CANADIAN PLACE

Architect: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Year: Completion date of all 6 Towers (1967-1991)

Architectural Style: International Style

Use: Commercial Leasing in Financial District

Architectural Construction & Materials: Bronze-tinted glass and black steel and aluminum.

Other Info: First modern architectural structure and tallest at its time in Canada.

Resources: http://www.tdcentre.com/en/About/Pages/MoreHistory.aspx

TORONTO-DOMINION CENTRE

BROOKFIELD PLACE (formerly BCE PLACE)** The complex consists of two towers:

• Bay Wellington Tower - by architects Bregman + Hamann Architects and completed in 1992

• TD Canada Trust Tower – by architects Bregman + Hamann Architectsand Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, completed in 1990

• linked by the six-storey Allen Lambert Galleria by Santiago Calatrava

Architectural style: post-modern

Use: Commercial Office Building

Construction material: Concrete, Glass, Steel, Stone

Resources: http://tayloronhistory.com/2013/03/18/torontos-architectural-gems-brookfield-place/

TD Canada Trust Tower

Bay Wellington Tower

FAIRMONT ROYAL YORK

Architects: Ross & Macdonald

Year: 1929

Architectural Style: Chateau-style

Use: Hotel

Architectural Construction and materials:concrete, brick, copper, stone and steel

Other Information: Built by Canadian Pacific Railway, similar style to many of the other grand railway hotels built across the country.

Resources: wikipedia(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairmont_Royal_York)

UNION STATION

Architects: Ross and MacDonald

Year: construction period 1914-1920Opened 1927

Architectural Style: Beaux- Art style, in this case a mixture of both Greek and Roman ArchitectureUse: Transportation Station

Architectural Construction and materials: Indiana, Queenston Limestone, columns-bedford limestone, Zumbro stone from Missouri, Tennessee marble for the floor.

Other information: currently undergoing a billion dollar renovation/restoration.

Resources:http://www.trha.ca/unionstation.html

ROYAL BANK PLAZA

ARCHITECT – WZMH ARCHITECTS / DESIGNER – BORIS ZEFARA

● Royal Bank Plaza - skyscraper ● Located in the downtown of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ● Built in 1979● Headquarters of the Royal Bank of Canada.● Height = 180meters (590feet)● 2 Towers = North Tower (26 Floors) & South Tower (40 Floors)● 14000 windows coated in 24 karat gold (70$ per window) ● Total cost of windows= over $1million ● gold is used to reduce the heating bills as gold is a very excellent insulator.

HOCKEY HALL OF FAME

Architects: Frank Darling and George Curry

Year: 1885

Architectural style: Beaux-Arts style

Use:• 1882-1949 BMO HEAD OFFICE

• 1949-1982- MAIN BRANCH• 1993 Hockey Hall of Fame

Materials: Concrete, stained glass, limestone, steel

Other: one of the few buildings that survived the 1904 Toronto fire.

ST-LAWRENCE CENTRE FOR THE ARTS

Architects: Gordon Adamson & Associates

Year: opened in1970, construction started in 1967 as a Canadian Centennial Project

Architectural Style: Brutalism

Use: Theatre, stage productions, musical events, etc.

Architectural Construction and materials: Concrete, steel, glass.

Other information: contains two theatres,

Resources: http://www.stlc.com/about-the-centre/

THE SONY CENTRE for THE PERFORMING ARTS

Architects: Peter Dickinson (who also designed social housing buildings at Regent Park)Year: 1960

Architectural style: Mid-century Modern

Use: Always used as a performing arts center

Architectural construction: Alabama limestone, glazing, granite, copper, bronze, Carrara marble, carpet, cherry plywood panels and Brazilian Rosewood, concrete

Other Information: Formerly the O’Keefe Centre and the Hummingbird CentreThe building seats 3000 people largest soft seat theatre in Canada.Male ballet dancer Mikhail Baryshnikov defected from the USSR from this theatreResources:http://urbantoronto.ca/news/tags/sony-centrehttp://www.sonycentre.ca/

GOODER HAM / FLATIRON BUILDING

Architect: David Roberts, JrYear: 1892Architectural Style: Romanesque and French GothicUse: previously used as office space for the Gooderham family distillery businessConstruction Material: red brick, copper and ironOther: The name "Flatiron" derives from its resemblance to a cast-iron clothes iron

Resources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gooderham_Building

Architect: Walter Strickland

Year: 1872-1873

Architectural Style: Second Empire

Use: Store-house until the 1940s

Construction Material: Cast iron facade over a basic warehouse of timber-frame construction with brick load-bearing walls. Slate roof.

Other info: Also known as the Griffiths BuildingThis type of construction allows for larger window openings.

Resources: http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=8837

BEARDMORE BUILDING

Architectural StylesBeaux-Arts • popular in the US/Canada between 1880 and 1920, but was taught from the

late 1600s onward• Architects were trained at the Ecole de Beaux-Arts in Paris• The style was classically inspired by the Italian Renaissance, Imperial

Roman architecture, Baroque, and in North American had a large Greek influence.

• Example: Union Station in Toronto.

Chateau Style• This is a revival style of architecture, based on the French Renaissance style

of French country houses built in the late fifteenth century to the early seventeenth century

• Popular in Canada with many of the grand railway hotels, starting in the late 1800s

• Example: The Fairmont Royal Hotel

International Style• Came of age in the 1920s and 30s• First defined in the US by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock• Characterized by: rectilinear forms light, taut plane surfaces that have been completely stripped of applied

ornamentation and decoration open interior spaces a visually weightless quality engendered by the use of cantilever construction glass and steel, in combination with usually less visible reinforced concrete, are

the characteristic materials of the construction• Example: Toronto Dominion Centre, First Canadian Place

Brutalist• 1950s to the mid-1970s, • popular with governmental and institutional clients to convey strength and power• typically massive in character • exposed concrete construction as an expression of material purity• There is often an emphasis on graphically expressing in the external elevations

and in the whole-site plan the main functions and people-flows of the buildings. • Example: St-Lawrence Centre for the Arts