toefl appetizer unnes

8/14/2019 TOEFL Appetizer Unnes

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APPETIZER FOR TOEFL (PBT)

BY

CB(COACH BARANS)


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TEST OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN

LANGUAGE

THESE LESSONS ARE ONLY ABOUT STRUCTURES, TIPS,

AND TRICKS. THEY WILL BE USELESS, IF YOU DONOT MASTER VOCABULARIES


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BAD SCENARIO IN TOEFL

SECTION 1: LISTENING COMPREHENSIONGROGI

SECTION 2: STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION

PUSING

SECTION 3: READING COMPREHENSION

NGANTUK

+ BOLAK BALIK KE TOILET.


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STRUCTURE AND WRITEN

EXPRESSION


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QUIZ

PHARSE?CLAUSE?

LETS ANSWER IT LATER


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WORDSNOUN

VERB

ADJECTIVE

ADVERB

PREPOSITION

CONNECTOR


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WORD ENDINGS IN ENGLISH

NOUN

(PERSON)

NOUN

(THING)

VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB

-ER -NCE -ATE -FUL -LY

-OR -ISM -IZE -NT

-IST -NESS -FY -AL

-IAN -LOGY -BLE

-ION -OUS

-TY


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OBSERVER NP

OBSERVANT

OBSERVANTLY

OBSERVANCE

OBSERVATION


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OBSERVER NP

OBSERVANT ADJ

OBSERVANTLY

OBSERVANCE

OBSERVATION


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OBSERVER NP

OBSERVANT ADJ

OBSERVANTLY ADV

OBSERVANCE

OBSERVATION


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OBSERVER NP

OBSERVANT ADJ

OBSERVANTLY ADV

OBSERVANCE NT

OBSERVATION


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OBSERVER NP

OBSERVANT ADJ

OBSERVANTLY ADV

OBSERVANCE NT

OBSERVATION NT


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PRESENCE NT

PRESENTER

PRESENTATION

PRESENTABLE

PRESENTLY


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PRESENCE NT

PRESENTER NP

PRESENTATION

PRESENTABLE

PRESENTLY


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PRESENCE NT

PRESENTER NP

PRESENTATION NT

PRESENTABLE

PRESENTLY


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PRESENCE NT

PRESENTER NP

PRESENTATION NT

PRESENTABLE ADJ

PRESENTLY


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PRESENCE NT

PRESENTER NP

PRESENTATION NT

PRESENTABLE ADJ

PRESENTLY


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PRESENCE NT

PRESENTER NP

PRESENTATION NT

PRESENTABLE ADJ

PRESENTLY ADV


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NOUNS

PLACES

PERSONSNAMES

THINGS


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NOUNS

FUNCTIONS:

1.AS A SUBJECT

2.AS AN OBJECT


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VERBS

ACTION VERBSAUXILLIARY VERBS


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ACTION VERBS

VERB 1 VERB 2 VERB 3 VERB ING

WALK (S) WALKED WALKED WALKING

WRITE (S) WROTE WRITTEN WRITING

THINK(S) THOUGHT THOUGHT THINKING


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AUXILLIARY VERBS

1. TO BE(AM , IS, ARE, WAS, WERE, BE, BEEN,

BEING)

2. PERFECT ASPECT

(HAS, HAVE, HAD)

3. MODALS(WILL, WOULD, CAN, COULD, MAY, MIGHT,

SHALL, SHOULD, MUST, etc.)

4. DO DOES DID - ?


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ADJECTIVES

O

SI

A

S

C

O

M

P

OPINION (GOOD)

SIZE (BIG)

AGE (NEW)

SHAPE (SQUARE)

COLOR (BLUE)

ORIGIN (BRITISH)

MATERIAL (IRON)

PURPOSE (CHEMICAL)


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ADVERBS

VERBSING

ARE

ADVERB

BEAUTIFULLY

ACTIVELY (USING/USED)

ADVERB

ORIGINALLY

ADJECTIVE

CRISPY

ADVERB

INCREDIBLY

ADVERB

QUICKLY


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ADVERBS (write on a paper)

VERB

SING

ADVERB

BEAUTIFULLY

THEY SING THE SONGS BEAUTIFULLY

BEATIFULLYTHEY SING THE SONG

THEY BEAUTIFULLYSING THE SONG


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ADVERBS (FOR PASSIVES)

VERB

ARE

ADVERB

ACTIVELY (USED)

THE GAMES ARE USED ACTIVELY

ACTIVELY THE GAMES ARE USED

ACTIVELY THE GAMES ARE USED


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ADVERBS

THE TASTE IS ORIGINALLYCRISPY

ADVERB

ORIGINALLY

ADJECTIVE

CRISPY


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ADVERBS

THE RUNNER WAS INCREDIBLYQUICKLY

ADVERB

INCREDIBLY

ADVERB

QUICKLY


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PREPOSITIONS

IN, ON, AT, TO,ETC.

IN SEMARANG

ON THE TABLE

AT THE CAMPUSTO THE TOILET


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CONNECTORS

WILL BE EXPLAINED LATER

LETS GO BACK TO THE PREVIOUS

QUIZ


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PHRASES?, CLAUSE?

EXTREMELY FAST (PHRASE/CLAUSE)

TO THE TOILET (PHRASE/CLAUSE)

PAIJO IS RUNNING (PHRASE/CLAUSE)


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CLAUSE TO SENTENCE

PAIJO IS RUNNING

PAIJO SUBJECT

IS (RUNNING) VERB

PAIJO IS RUNNING EXTREMELY QUICKLY TO THE TOILET


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STRUCTURE SKILLS

RECOGNIZING SUBJECT & VERB (CLAUSE)

S + V


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Example 1

ONE CLAUSE

Engineers _____ for the project

a) necessary

b)are needed

c) Hopefully

d)Next month


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Example 1

ONE CLAUSE

Engineers_____ for the project

a) necessary

b)are needed

c) Hopefully

d)Next month


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Example 1

ONE CLAUSE

Engineers_____ for the project

a) necessary

b)areneeded

c) Hopefully

d)Next month


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CONNECTOR

AND, BUT, OR,

BECAUSE, IF, WHO,THAT, WHICH, etc.


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MULTIPLE CLAUSE

She was pleased with what she had

done although she was surprised at

the results.

Although she was surprised at the

result(,) she was pleased with whatshe had done.


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EXAMPLE 2

MULTIPLE CLAUSES

_____werelate(,) we missedthe class

a) We

b) Because

c) The traind) Since they


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EXAMPLE 2

MULTIPLE CLAUSES


a) We

b) Because

c) The traind) Since they

EXAMPLE 2


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EXAMPLE 2

MULTIPLE CLAUSES


a) We

b) Because

c) The traind) Sincethey


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EXAMPLE 3 (SUMPELAN)

The gift ____ selected for her is too

expensive

a) Becauseb) Was

c) Sinced) Which you


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The gift ____ selectedfor her is too

expensive

a) Becauseb) Was



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The gift ____ selectedfor her istoo

expensive

a) Becauseb) Was



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The gift____ selectedfor her istoo

expensive

a) Becauseb) Was



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expensive

a) Because (subject?)b) Was



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expensive

a) Because (subject?)b) Was (too many)



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expensive


c) Since (subject?)d) Which you


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expensive


c) Since (subject?)d) Which you


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CONNECTOR/SUBJECT (FUNGSI GANDA)

WHO, THAT, WHICH,WHAT, etc.


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EXAMPLE 4(SUMPELAN)

____ is on the table has two speakers

a) The notebook

b) Because the notebook

c) The notebook which

d) That the notebook


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EXAMPLE 4(SUMPELAN)

____ ison the table hastwo speakers

a) The notebook





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EXAMPLE 4(SUMPELAN)


a) The notebook (subject? connector?)





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EXAMPLE 4(SUMPELAN)



b) Because the notebook (subject?)


d) That the notebook (subject?)


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EXAMPLE 4(SUMPELAN)







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EXAMPLE 4(SUMPELAN)




c) The notebook (which) sub/con



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REDUKSI


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HUKUM REDUKSI

1. REDUKSI TERJADI PADA SUBJECT DAN VERB

ANAK KALIMAT (SUB CLAUSE)


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done although she was surprised at

the results.


done althoughsurprised at the result.


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HUKUM REDUKSI

2. REDUKSI TERJADI KETIKA ADA DUA SUBYEK

YG SAMA


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Although she was surprised at the

result,shewas pleased with what she

had done.

Although surprised at the result, she

was pleased with what she had done.


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HUKUM REDUKSI

3. KETIKA REDUKSI TERJADI, TO BE HILANG

EXAMPLE 5


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EXAMPLE 5

MULTIPLE CLAUSES

When______ , you are free to leave

a) The finished report

b) Finished with the report

c) The report

d) Is the report

EXAMPLE 5


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EXAMPLE 5

MULTIPLE CLAUSES

When______ , you arefree to leave



c) The report

d) Is the report

EXAMPLE 5


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EXAMPLE 5

MULTIPLE CLAUSES

When______ (,) you arefree to leave



c) The report

d) Is the report

EXAMPLE 5


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EXAMPLE 5

MULTIPLE CLAUSES


a) The finished report (verb?)


c) The report

d) Is the report

EXAMPLE 5


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EXAMPLE 5

MULTIPLE CLAUSES




c) The report (verb?)

d) Is the report

EXAMPLE 5


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EXAMPLE 5

MULTIPLE CLAUSES





d) Is the report (subject?)

EXAMPLE 5


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EXAMPLE 5

MULTIPLE CLAUSES



b) Finished with the report(you are)


d) Is the report (subject)


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EXAMPLE 6


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EXAMPLE 6

MULTIPLE CLAUSES

The boy______ playing in the yard is

my brother

a) nowb) Is

c) hed) was

EXAMPLE 6


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EXAMPLE 6

MULTIPLE CLAUSES

The boy______ playingin the yard is

my brother

a) nowb) Is

c) hed) was

EXAMPLE 6


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EXAMPLE 6

MULTIPLE CLAUSES


my brother

a) nowb) Is (subject?)

c) hed) was


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EXAMPLE 6


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EXAMPLE 6

MULTIPLE CLAUSES


my brother

a) nowb) is (subject?)

c) he (connector?)d) was (connector?)

EXAMPLE 6


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EXAMPLE 6

MULTIPLE CLAUSES


my brother

a) now(whois now)b) Is (subject?)

c) he (connector?)d) was (connector?)

HUKUM REDUKSI


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HUKUM REDUKSI

4. PADA SUMPELAN (ADJ CLAUSE), KETIKA

TERJADI REDUKSI, KLAUSA TERSEBUT BISA

PINDAH KE DEPAN.

SUMPELAN [aktif]


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The principal is meeting with his staffs.

The principal whoprepared to give a

speechis meeting with his staffs.

The principal preparing to give aspeechis meeting with his staffs.

Preparing to give a speech(,)Theprincipal is meeting with his staffs.


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EXAMPLE 7


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EXAMPLE 7

______ on several television program, thewitness gaveconflicting account to whathad

happened.

a) He appeared

b) Who appeared

c) Appearing

d) Appears

EXAMPLE 7


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EXAMPLE 7

______ on several television program, thewitness gaveconflicting account to whathad

happened.

a) He appeared (connector?)

b) Who appeared( question?/ adj cl tdk di dpan

sblm di reduksi)

c) Appearing(whoappearedappearing)

d) Appears (subject?)

SUMPELAN [pasif]


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The principals office is very spacious.

The principals office which is located

near our classroomis very spacious.

The principals office locatednear ourclassroomis very spacious.

Locatednear our classroom(,) theprincipals office is very spacious.

EXAMPLE 8


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EXAMPLE 8

______ behind government secrecy for nearlyhalf a century, the Hanford plant in central

Washington produced plutonium for the

nuclear weapons of the Cold War.a) It is hidden

b) Hidden

c) Which is hidden

d) The plant is hiding


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EXAMPLE 8


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EXAMPLE 8

______ behind government secrecy for nearlyhalf a century (,)the Hanford plant in central

Washington produced plutonium for the

nuclear weapons of the Cold War.a) It is hidden

b) Hidden

c) Which is hidden

d) The plant is hiding


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WRITTEN EXPRESSIONS SKILL


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WRITTEN EXPRESSIONS SKILL

S & V MUST AGREE

S & V MUST AGREE


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TO BE

(AM , IS, ARE, WAS, WERE, BE, BEEN,BEING)

+

V ING (ACTIVE) / V 3 (PASSIVE)/

NOUNS / ADJECTIVES / ADVERBS /PREPOSITIONS

S & V MUST AGREE

EXAMPLE 9


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EXAMPLE 9

The Smithsare buildtheir

house on some properties

that they own inthe

desert.

S & V MUST AGREE


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S & V MUST AGREE

PERFECT ASPECT

(HAS, HAVE, HAD)

+

V 3


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S & V MUST AGREE


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S & V MUST AGREE

MODALS

(WILL, WOULD, CAN, COULD, MAY,

MIGHT, SHALL, SHOULD, MUST,etc.)

+V 1

EXAMPLE 11


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EXAMPLE 11

The studentsmust took

the examat ten inthe

morning.

PARALLELISM


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BOTH ANDEITHER ..OR

NEITHER ..NOR

NOT ONLY BUT ALSO

V ING, V ING, AND V ING

TO , TO, AND TO

NOUN, NOUN, AND NOUN

EXAMPLE 12


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EXAMPLE 12

Fire extinguisherscan contain

liquefied gas, drychemicals, or

watery.


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Now you've been talking in


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Now you ve been talking in

your sleepThings you never say to me

Tell me that you've hadenough

Of our love, our love

Now you've been talking in


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Now you ve been talkingin

your sleepThings younever sayto me

Tell me that you've hadenough

Of our love, our love


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JUST GIVE ME A REASON


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JUST GIVE ME A REASON

JUST A LITTLE BITSENOUGH

JUST A SECOND WERENOT BROKENJUST BENT

AND WE CANLEARNTO LOVE AGAIN

ITSINTHE STARS

ITSBEENWRITTEN IN THE SCARS ON OUR

HEARTS

WERENOT BROKENJUST BENT

AND WE CANLEARNTO LOVE AGAIN

EXAMPLE 9


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EXAMPLE 9

A bankruptcymay beeither

voluntary norinvoluntary.

COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE


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COMPARATIVE & SUPERLATIVE

.er than

morethan

The est (in/of/that)

The most (in/of/that)


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EXAMPLE 11

( d )


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ADJECTIVE & ADVERB (read your paper again)

Based on history, Venus is the goddess Roman of

love.

American are destroying rapidly wetlands,faster than an acre every two minutes.


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PART A


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Focus on the last line. Avoid similar sound. Choose synonym. Who, What, & Where. Double negative. Almost Negative. Expression of agreement, uncertainty,suggestion & surprise.

Contrary result. Two-and-three part Idioms.


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AVOID SIMILAR SOUND (4 part a)


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(woman) Are you enjoying your coffee?

(man) It tastes extremely bitter thismorning!

(narrator) WHAT DOES THE MAN MEAN?

a.The coffee is much BETTERthis morning

b.The coffee TASTES EXTREMELY good.

c.The coffee isnt very good.

d.This morning he DEFINITELYwants somecoffee

CHOOSE SYNONYM (4 part a)


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(woman) Are you enjoying your coffee?

(man) It tastes extremely bitter thismorning!

(narrator) WHAT DOES THE MAN MEAN?

a.The coffee is much better this morningb.The coffee tastes extremely good.

c.The coffee ISNT VERY GOOD.

d.This morning he definitely wants somecoffee


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WHO, WHAT, & WHERE (30)


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(woman) Can you tell me what assignments I

missed when I was absent from yourclass?

(man) You missed one homework assignmentand a quiz.

(narrator) WHO IS THE MAN?

a.A newspaper editor

b.A police officer

c.A teacher

d.A student



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(woman) Are you going to read those books here

in the library?(man) I think Id rather check them out now

and take them home

(narrator) WHAT WILL THE MAN PROBABLYDO?

a.Sit down in the library

b.Look for some more books

c.Return the books to the shelves

d.Go to the circulation desk



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(woman) Are you going to read those books here

in the library?(man) I think Id rather check them out now

and take them home

(narrator) WHAT WILL THE MAN PROBABLYDO?

a.Sit down in the library

b.Look for some more books

c.Return the books to the shelves

d.Go to the circulation desk


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(woman) Are you going into the water, or are

you just going to lie there on the sand?(man) I think I need to put some suntan lotion

(narrator) WHERE DOES THISCONVERSATION PROBABLY TAKEPLACE?

a.At a beauty salon

b.At the beach

c.In a sandbox

d.At an outdoor restaurant

DOUBLE NEGATIVE (13)


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(woman) I cant believe the news that I heard

about the concert(man) Well, it isnt impossiblefor the concertto take place

(narrator) WHAT DOES THE WOMAN SAY

ABOUT THE CONCERT?a.Theres no possibility that the concert willtake place

b.The concert will definitely not take place

c.The concert might take place

d.The concert cant take place

DOUBLE NEGATIVE (13)


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(woman) I cant believe the news that I heard

about the concert(man) Well, it isnt impossiblefor the concertto take place

(narrator) WHAT DOES THE WOMAN SAY

ABOUT THE CONCERT?a.Theres no possibility that the concert willtake place

b.The concert will definitely not take place

c.The concert might take place

d.The concert canttake place

ALMOST NEGATIVE (15)


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(woman) Were you able to pay the electric bill?

(man) I had barely enough money.(narrator) What does the man imply?

a.He had plenty of money for the bill

b.He did not have enough money for the billc.He paid the bill but has no money left

d.He was unable to pay the bill

ALMOST NEGATIVE (15)


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(woman) Were you able to pay the electric bill?

(man) I had barely enough money.(narrator) What does the man imply?

a.He had plenty of money for the bill

b.He did not have enough money for the billc.He paid the bill but has no money left

d.He was unable to pay the bill

ALMOST NEGATIVE


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Hardly, Nearly, Barely, Scarcely, Only

(almost none)Almost, Seldom

(almost never)

are grouped as Almost negative word.


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AGREEMENT EXPRESSION (21)


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(man) I think that the hypothesis is

indefensible(woman) So do I

(narrator) What does the woman mean?

a.She is unsure about the hypothesisb.The hippopotamus is behind the fence

c.She thinks that the hypothesis can be

defendedd.She agrees with the man

UNCERTAINITY EXPRESSION (24)


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(man) Do you know anything about the final

exam in physics?(woman) Its going to be rather difficult, isnt

it?


a.The exam is not going to be difficult

b.Shes positive thats its going to be hard.

c.She thinks that it might be hard

d.She has no idea about the exam

UNCERTAINITY EXPRESSION (24)


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(man) Do you know anything about the final

exam in physics?(woman) Its going to be rather difficult, isnt

it?


a.The exam is not going to be difficult

b.Shes positive thats its going to behard.

c.She thinksthat it might be hard

d.She has no idea about the exam

SUGGESTION EXPRESSION (25)


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(man) Ill never have time to type my paper

tomorrow(woman) Why not do it now?

(narrator) What does the woman suggest?

a.Finishing the paperb.Not working on the paper now

c.Never typing the paper

d.Taking time out from the paper now

SUGGESTION EXPRESSION (25)


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(man) Ill never have time to type my paper

tomorrow(woman) Why not do it now?

(narrator) What does the woman suggest?

a.Finishing the paperb.Not working on the paper now

c.Never typing the paper

d.Taking time out from the paper now

EXPRESSION OF SURPRISE (27)


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(woman) Did you see Paul driving around in his

Mustang(man) Then he DID get a new car

(narrator) What had the man thought?

a.Paul would definitely get a Mustangb.Paul did not know how to drive

c.Paul did not like mustangs

d.Paul would not get a new car

EXPRESSION OF SURPRISE (27)


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(woman) Did you see Paul driving around in his

Mustang(man) Then he DID get a new car

(narrator) What had the man thought?

a.Paul would definitely get a Mustangb.Paul did not know how to drive

c.Paul did not like mustangs

d.Paul would not get a new car

CONTRARY (4 tr4)

( ) d h h h


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(woman)Its too bad that you have to stay here

and work during the school break(man) I really wish I could go with you and

the others to Palm springs

(narrator) What does the man thought?

a.Maybe he will go with the others on the trip

b.He is unable to go on the trip

c.Hes happy to be going on the trip

d.Hes going on the trip, but not with theothers

CONTRARY (4 tr4)

( ) b d h h h


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(woman)Its too bad that you have to stay here

and work during the school break(man) I really wish I could go with you and

the others to Palm springs

(narrator) What does the man thought?

a.Maybe he will go with the others on the trip

b.He is unable to go on the trip

c.Hes happy to be going on the trip

d.Hes going on the trip, but not with theothers


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Reading


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The word malpractice in line 4 is

closest in the meaning to


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A.Religion

B.FlagC. Careless

D.agreement

The word malpractice in line 4 is



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A.Religion

B.FlagC. Care(less)

D.agreement

Raven is common name applied to about ten largebirds of the crow family. The best known is the common

f d h h h f h h


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raven, found throughout much of the northernhemisphere, from the high Arctic islands of Canada to thedeserts of North Africa. It is the largest of all songbirds,attaining a length of more than 60 cm. It has a wedge-shaped tail and is satiny black, with a metallic, bluishsheen. The bill is long, powerful, and slightly hooked, and

the feet are strong. The common raven is omnivorous,feeding on seeds, fruit, small birds and mammals, andeven carrion. It nests on high trees or cliffs; the female laysfour to eight spotted, light-blue eggs in a clutch, and both

parents feed the young. Because of its social behavior,intelligence, and high adaptability, Ravens has become thesubject of many legends and folklores in manycommunities.

Please write on the

paper/whiteboard


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paper/whiteboard

1. The main idea of the paragraph is...

a. How Ravens got their name.

b. General description of a species of a bird.

c. Ravens in its natural habitat.

d. Social behavior of Ravens.

Please write on the

paper/whiteboard


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paper/whiteboard

1. The main idea of the paragraph is...

a. How Ravens got their name.

b. General description of a species of a bird.

c. Ravens in its natural habitat.

d. Social behavior of Ravens.

Raven is common name applied to about ten largebirds of the crow family.The best known is the common

f d th h t h f th th


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Please write on the

paper/whiteboard


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paper/whiteboard

2. The word "omnivorous" in [line 3 ] can bebest replaced by...

a. plant-eater

b. meat-eater

c. carrion-eater

d. all-eater

Please write on the

paper/whiteboard


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paper/whiteboard

2. The word "omnivorous" in [line 3 ] can bebest replaced by...

a. plant-eater

b. meat-eater

c. carrion-eater

d. all-eater

Raven is common name applied to about ten largebirds of the crow family. The best known is the common

f d th h t h f th th


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Please write on the

paper/whiteboard


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paper/whiteboard

3. Which of these statements are true according tothe passage?

a. Ravens are not usually found in the southernhemisphere

b. Ravens are less than 60 cm in length

c. Female ravens could lay more than 8 eggs in a

clutchd. Young ravens can feed themselves

Please write on the

paper/whiteboard


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paper/whiteboard

3. Which of these statements are true according tothe passage?

a. Ravens are not usually found in the southernhemisphere

b. Ravens are less than 60 cm in length

c. Female ravens could lay more than 8 eggs in a

clutchd. Young ravens can feed themselves

Raven is common name applied to about ten largebirds of the crow family. The best known is the commonraven found throughout much of the northern


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THANK YOU


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