1. 1.1

(Titanium, Ti) 22 . 1790 William Gregor (Ilmenite, FeTiO3) Ti , 1795 Martin Klaproth Rutile(TiO2) Ti (Titan) . 1823 Ti , Ti . 1910 Na Hunter . 1938 Kroll Ti Kroll Process 1940 . 1948 10 Sponge Ti . 1949 Kobe Steel 1951 Osaka Ti . , , . . Ti 4.5g/ 40% , 6 . 1680, Fe (/) .

1.2

Ti () 0.4% Al, Fe, Mg 4 . Ti (Ilmenite, FeTiO3), (TiO3, Rutile) . . Ti Na Hunter Process , Kroll Process . Kroll Process (TiCl4) Mg Ti .

(1) Kroll Process (Mg) : TiCl4 + 2Mg Ti + 2MgCl2(2) Hunter Process (Na) : TiCl4 + 4Na Ti + 4NaCl

Ti , , . Ti (HCP) 882 (BCC) . +

. Ti .

(1) 1680 . (2) 4.5 g/ 1/2 . (3) 1/2 . (4) 1/4 . (5) 1/2 .

Ti , , Ti . . Ti . Ti , . . Ti , , +, Ti , . Al, O2 , N2 , V, Mo, Fe, Cr, Mn . Zr, Sn , . ELI (Eltra Low Interstitials) , 0.12% O2 .

1.2.1

. Al Ti3Al TiAl . Sn Ti-5Al-2.5Sn . , Creep , .

1.2.2

Creep Al, Zr 1~2% . + , . Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V , Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo

1

. 1.2.3 +

Ti-Al , , +. .

1) , . 2) . 3) .

+ Ti-6Al-4V , , , . + . Creep , . (+ ) , + . 995 Ti-6Al-4V + . STA(Solution Treatment and Aging), (Solution Treatment and Overaging) . Ti-6Al-4V Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, Ti-6Al-4V-6Mo .

1.2.4

, . . + .

1) . 2) . 3) .

+ 10% 10% . ,

2

, + . Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al, Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn .

2. 2.1

Micro. .

1.

A

Ti-0.2Pd Ti-5Al-2.5Sn

A B

Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo Ti-6Al-4Zr-2Mo-2Sn

A A B

+

Ti-6Al-4V Ti-6Al-4V ELI Ti-7Al-4Mo Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn Ti-8Mn

B A C C D

Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al B

. + () . , . + Ti-6Al-4V .

3

2.1 (x 400)

2.2 (x 400)

2.3 (x 400)

+ 3%, 5% . . .

2.2

, , . 0.1~0.2%

4

. . . TiO2 , Ti2O3 , TiO , . , , , . . . Ar Ar . , 0% Hv 170 4.0% Hv 260 . . .

2.3

, . , , . , , . . . . .

2.4

. , . .

2.5

, . . Zr, Nb, Ta, Hf , Fe, Ni, Cu, Al

5

. , (Transition Piece) .

3. 3.1 3.1.1

. . ELI . ERTi-1 ~ 4 ERTi-5Al-2.5Sn, ERTi-6Al-4V . , . .

3.1.2

TIG, MIG, Ar 500 . 3.1 3.2 . , . .

6

3.1 Ti TIG

195mm

1mm 8mm

40mm

3.2 Ti TIG

(Back Shielding) . Ar , 10-2 Pa Ar . .

3.1.3

. . , , . 2m/s .

3.2 3.2.1

, , .

7

, . mm .

3.2.2

. , , 2~4% 30~40% . . , .

3.2.3

. , 40~80mm 5~10mm .

3.3 3.3.1 TIG

TIG . . , . . , . . , . . Cutter .

3.3.2 MIG

MIG TIG . .

8

. MIG TIG .

3.3.3

(Transfer Type) . Ar H2 . 1 10mm 1 .

3.3.4

. 1 . , , , , , . , , . . . 30~90mm Ti-6Al-4V .

2. Ti-6Al-4V (mA)

(KV)

(cm/min)

(mm)

(mm)

(Torr)

500 90 450 320 410 5x10-4

. . , .

3.3.5

, . Spot , Seam

9

. 3 Spot . Seam Spot Spot .

3.

(AC)

Ti-6Al-4V 2.4mm 12.5 kA 76mm 10672 N 16 cycle 37338 10.9mm

3.3.6

Inertia Continuous Drive , . , .

3.4

. 4 .

4. () (hr)

, Ti-0.2Pd 416 ~ 440 471 ~ 496 524 ~ 538

7 ~ 8 2 ~ 4 0.5 ~ 1

Ti-5Al-2.5Sn 532 ~ 649 0.25 ~ 6 Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V 788 0.5 ~ 2

Ti-6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo 538 ~ 649 0.25 ~ 1 Ti-6Al-4V (ELI ) 538 ~ 593 2 ~ 4 Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al 760 ~ 788 0.25

3.5

, , PT, RT, UT , . . , .

10

4.

1. AWS Welding Handbook-Metals and Their Weldability 6th Edition, American Welding Society, 1972, pp73.1-73.65

2. : ., 1998, pp278-287 3. : , 2, pp1041-1063

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