TIPS TO INTERVIEW & WRITE LIKE A PRO

TIPS TO INTERVIEW & WRITE LIKE A PRO

Chap. 7 is about is ‘shooting the _______marks. Chap. 7 is about is ‘shooting the _______marks.

quotation

What is the most important interview question?  What is the most important interview question? 

Show me what you do (process

interview)

In doing interviews, the text reminds us to build questions around the five  _____

In doing interviews, the text reminds us to build questions around the five  _____

W’s

A good interview should anticipate (and ask) the questions the ____ would ask. 

A good interview should anticipate (and ask) the questions the ____ would ask. 

viewers

The warning of ‘one eyed talking heads reminds us to frame interview subjects so that we can see what? 

The warning of ‘one eyed talking heads reminds us to frame interview subjects so that we can see what? 

Both eyes – objective POV

When conducting interviews for “people stories,” professionals follow what two rules.

When conducting interviews for “people stories,” professionals follow what two rules.

Don’t interview all in one place, don’t interview people—talk to

them

The most powerful interviews originate from conversations, yet there can be no conversation without a ____, and most obviously, that job falls to the interviewer.

The most powerful interviews originate from conversations, yet there can be no conversation without a ____, and most obviously, that job falls to the interviewer.

listenrer

Interviews by their nature are meant to reveal personality and, for the most part, call for reasonably ____ shots, but Boston photojournalist John Premack reminds us “Yet, ______________ flatter no one.”

Interviews by their nature are meant to reveal personality and, for the most part, call for reasonably ____ shots, but Boston photojournalist John Premack reminds us “Yet, ______________ flatter no one.”

Close / extreme close-ups

INTERVIEWING BASICSINTERVIEWING BASICS

When you’re interviewing someone, what’s your most important skill?

Listening. Do your homework before going to an

interview. Try to make it a conversation and not a

cross examination.

When you’re interviewing someone, what’s your most important skill?

Listening. Do your homework before going to an

interview. Try to make it a conversation and not a

cross examination.

ContextContext

What is the purpose of a news interview? Research for your story Collection of sound bites

Remember: Process Interview ‘show me what you do’ ‘just chat’ – no question questioning

What is the purpose of a news interview? Research for your story Collection of sound bites

Remember: Process Interview ‘show me what you do’ ‘just chat’ – no question questioning

GET MOVIN’GET MOVIN’

Ask politely for interview time. What time works best? Office? Home? Coffee shop?

You’re busy, they’re busy, so don’t put it off. Rush jobs are obvious and stink.

Please and thank you go a long way.

Ask politely for interview time. What time works best? Office? Home? Coffee shop?

You’re busy, they’re busy, so don’t put it off. Rush jobs are obvious and stink.

Please and thank you go a long way.

KEEPING CHASINGKEEPING CHASING

“I e-mailed him two weeks ago and he hasn’t e-mail me back.”

“I left a message for him and he hasn’t called me back.”

Keep digging/chasing. It’s amazing how few students think of

TALKING TO THE PERSON instead of emailing.

On camera interview is required for video news.

“I e-mailed him two weeks ago and he hasn’t e-mail me back.”

“I left a message for him and he hasn’t called me back.”

Keep digging/chasing. It’s amazing how few students think of

TALKING TO THE PERSON instead of emailing.

On camera interview is required for video news.

LITTLE THINGS ARE BIGLITTLE THINGS ARE BIG Show up 10 minutes early. Make sure you know where you’re

going. Make sure you have a notebook, plenty

of WORKING pens. Be sure you record it correctly. But also

take notes. Check the camera during the interview to see whether it’s working.

Carry extra batteries / SD card.

Show up 10 minutes early. Make sure you know where you’re

going. Make sure you have a notebook, plenty

of WORKING pens. Be sure you record it correctly. But also

take notes. Check the camera during the interview to see whether it’s working.

Carry extra batteries / SD card.

LITTLE BIG THINGSLITTLE BIG THINGS

Dress appropriately; “young professional” and not “college kid with holes in my pants in a t-shirt.”

Put your source at ease; get him/her talking by mentioning something on the walls or the weather or ain’t the Cowboys great.

Dress appropriately; “young professional” and not “college kid with holes in my pants in a t-shirt.”

Put your source at ease; get him/her talking by mentioning something on the walls or the weather or ain’t the Cowboys great.

The locationThe location

Where is the light Where is the noise (phone off, sign on

door, close door, background noise) Close mike on guest Look at the background Look space Selective focus

Where is the light Where is the noise (phone off, sign on

door, close door, background noise) Close mike on guest Look at the background Look space Selective focus

GROUND RULESGROUND RULES

Everything is on the record. Say it’s possible this will be submitted

for use in our newscast. Don’t agree to a list of questions. Don’t let them review the story. Conduct an accuracy check on needed

items. NO anonymous sources.

Everything is on the record. Say it’s possible this will be submitted

for use in our newscast. Don’t agree to a list of questions. Don’t let them review the story. Conduct an accuracy check on needed

items. NO anonymous sources.

Interviewing rulesInterviewing rules

One question at a time No leading questions Primary / follow-up

Always follow up important contradictions

Open-ended / closed-ended MS / MCU Objective POV one-shot Always get coverage

One question at a time No leading questions Primary / follow-up

Always follow up important contradictions

Open-ended / closed-ended MS / MCU Objective POV one-shot Always get coverage

WHOM TO INTERVIEWWHOM TO INTERVIEW

Highest officials possible. Experts on an issue. People with opposing views. People affected. Diverse sources.

Highest officials possible. Experts on an issue. People with opposing views. People affected. Diverse sources.

ONCE YOU GET GOINGONCE YOU GET GOING

Give the source an overview of what you plan to talk about.

Start with open-ended questions; listen, listen, listen.

Be prepared to change directions if the source says something that dictates it.

Observe your surroundings/take notes that help give the story flavor.

Give the source an overview of what you plan to talk about.

Start with open-ended questions; listen, listen, listen.

Be prepared to change directions if the source says something that dictates it.

Observe your surroundings/take notes that help give the story flavor.

FIRST THINGS FIRSTFIRST THINGS FIRST

First question to ask . . . “May I have the correct spelling of your first and last names?”

People will like that you’re trying to be accurate.

Second question: “May I have your home/work phone number(s)/e-mail/ so I may call or text you later if I have more questions?”

First question to ask . . . “May I have the correct spelling of your first and last names?”

People will like that you’re trying to be accurate.

Second question: “May I have your home/work phone number(s)/e-mail/ so I may call or text you later if I have more questions?”

NOW WE’RE ROLLIN’NOW WE’RE ROLLIN’

Ask the easy questions first to get the source talking.

Open-ended questions are good. Save the tough stuff for the end. “Did you embezzle $2 million from the

bank?”

Ask the easy questions first to get the source talking.

Open-ended questions are good. Save the tough stuff for the end. “Did you embezzle $2 million from the

bank?”

SILENCE IS GOLDENSILENCE IS GOLDEN

Don’t be afraid of silence. It can help the source get organized.

Keep questions short; let the source do most of the talking.

Highlight the good stuff. Make notes of important content along the way (cues to yourself of where to look)

Don’t be afraid of silence. It can help the source get organized.

Keep questions short; let the source do most of the talking.

Highlight the good stuff. Make notes of important content along the way (cues to yourself of where to look)

FAVORITE QUESTIONSFAVORITE QUESTIONS From Pat Stith, a retired investigative

reporter for the Raleigh News and Observer:

Why? What makes you say that? How do you know? How am I going to explain that to people

in …? Another I like: Explain this to me as if

I’m a third-grader.

From Pat Stith, a retired investigative reporter for the Raleigh News and Observer:

Why? What makes you say that? How do you know? How am I going to explain that to people

in …? Another I like: Explain this to me as if

I’m a third-grader.

WRAP IT UPWRAP IT UP

Two questions to ask at the end of the interview:

“Is there anything else you think we need to discuss?”

“Is there anyone else I should talk to about this story?”

Let the source get the last word.

Two questions to ask at the end of the interview:

“Is there anything else you think we need to discuss?”

“Is there anyone else I should talk to about this story?”

Let the source get the last word.

AFTERWARDAFTERWARD

Tell the source you will call back if you have any questions or need clarification on anything.

Review your notes quickly; don’t wait three days and then you can’t read your handwriting.

Transcribe (outline) the interview soon so the interview is fresh in your mind.

Tell the source you will call back if you have any questions or need clarification on anything.

Review your notes quickly; don’t wait three days and then you can’t read your handwriting.

Transcribe (outline) the interview soon so the interview is fresh in your mind.

NOW WHAT?NOW WHAT?

Writing is easy. As Red Smith said, “You sit down and

open up your wrists.”

Writing is easy. As Red Smith said, “You sit down and

open up your wrists.”

WRITING AS A JOURNALISTWRITING AS A JOURNALISTWhat are the six keys to good

journalistic writing?Short paragraphsShort sentencesShort wordsBe objectiveFollow style rulesKnow the journalism story formulas and

how to use them.

What are the six keys to good journalistic writing?

Short paragraphsShort sentencesShort wordsBe objectiveFollow style rulesKnow the journalism story formulas and

how to use them.

STORY ORGANIZATIONSTORY ORGANIZATION

Traditional Structure: Inverted PyramidPresent the news in order of descending

importance.Lead summarizes the news content.Each of the following paragraphs presents

additional information in order of descending importance.

Traditional Structure: Inverted PyramidPresent the news in order of descending

importance.Lead summarizes the news content.Each of the following paragraphs presents

additional information in order of descending importance.

INVERTED PYRAMIDINVERTED PYRAMID

Advantage:Least important information is at the

bottom where a cut in length is most likely to occur.

Disadvantage:Doesn’t give the reporter a clear direction

on how to report beyond who, what, when, where, how and why.

Advantage:Least important information is at the

bottom where a cut in length is most likely to occur.

Disadvantage:Doesn’t give the reporter a clear direction

on how to report beyond who, what, when, where, how and why.

INVERTED PYRAMIDINVERTED PYRAMID

The Inverted Pyramid often can use an Immediate ID lead. The name is in the lead.

The name must be well-known, at least to the area.

President Barack Obama vetoed a bill that would have given A&M-Commerce students $20,000 each to go to Cancun.

The Inverted Pyramid often can use an Immediate ID lead. The name is in the lead.

The name must be well-known, at least to the area.

President Barack Obama vetoed a bill that would have given A&M-Commerce students $20,000 each to go to Cancun.

HIGH FIVEHIGH FIVE

New Way of Thinking: The High Five News Context Scope Edge Impact

BUT, without editorializing

New Way of Thinking: The High Five News Context Scope Edge Impact

BUT, without editorializing

Reporting and writing are connected. You can't write what you don't know.

Think of the High Five as a checklist. The idea is to make you: think about the stories you report; ask questions about why the news

occurred and where it's leading; seek details that will help you tell

news with precision; and raise questions that your viewers

may want answered.

Reporting and writing are connected. You can't write what you don't know.

Think of the High Five as a checklist. The idea is to make you: think about the stories you report; ask questions about why the news

occurred and where it's leading; seek details that will help you tell

news with precision; and raise questions that your viewers

may want answered.

GET TO ITGET TO IT

Get these five elements into the top three or four paragraphs: News: What happened, or what is

happening? Context: What is the background for

the event or trend?

Get these five elements into the top three or four paragraphs: News: What happened, or what is

happening? Context: What is the background for

the event or trend?

Scope: What is the magnitude of the event? How many people are affected? Is this local event part of a larger,

national set of events? Is there a local focus to this larger,

national event? Think numbers.

Edge: Where is the news leading? What happens next?What is the time element?What is the next development?

Scope: What is the magnitude of the event? How many people are affected? Is this local event part of a larger,

national set of events? Is there a local focus to this larger,

national event? Think numbers.

Edge: Where is the news leading? What happens next?What is the time element?What is the next development?

Impact: So what? How does the news affect anything?Why should the viewer care?

A good quote – sound bite -- can often be the impact.

Impact: So what? How does the news affect anything?Why should the viewer care?

A good quote – sound bite -- can often be the impact.

Remember, the elements must appear in the early development of the story. News must be in the lead. Other elements can appear in any

order. Some elements can overlap. The High Five should be present

Remember, the elements must appear in the early development of the story. News must be in the lead. Other elements can appear in any

order. Some elements can overlap. The High Five should be present

High Five Practice StoryHigh Five Practice Story

Texas A&M-Commerce student Thomas Efraim says the board of trustees’

decision to eliminate a religious studies program was done to punish professors who testified against the university in a

lawsuit. (NEWS)

Texas A&M-Commerce student Thomas Efraim says the board of trustees’

decision to eliminate a religious studies program was done to punish professors who testified against the university in a

lawsuit. (NEWS)

The board of trustees decided Friday to end the program as a cost-cutting measure unless it is able to attract more students by next year. Religious studies is an interdisciplinary program that was begun in 1980. A&M-Commerce had 20 religion minors last year but now has only 15, a drop of 25 percent. (CONTEXT/SCOPE)

The board of trustees decided Friday to end the program as a cost-cutting measure unless it is able to attract more students by next year. Religious studies is an interdisciplinary program that was begun in 1980. A&M-Commerce had 20 religion minors last year but now has only 15, a drop of 25 percent. (CONTEXT/SCOPE)

Efraim, a student in the minor, says he believes the professors in the program are being targeted because two of them testified on his behalf. He had unsuccessfully sued the university three months ago for the right to be excused from a science requirement he said violated his religious beliefs. Professors Peter Hinkleson and Keshia Bernard testified on Efraim’s behalf. (CONTEXT)

Efraim, a student in the minor, says he believes the professors in the program are being targeted because two of them testified on his behalf. He had unsuccessfully sued the university three months ago for the right to be excused from a science requirement he said violated his religious beliefs. Professors Peter Hinkleson and Keshia Bernard testified on Efraim’s behalf. (CONTEXT)

Religious studies program coordinator Bernard says she received a letter from university president Ned Dallas informing her that if the minor is eliminated, some faculty members could lose their jobs if they cannot find other courses to teach. She received the letter one week after Efraim lost his lawsuit. (IMPACT)

Religious studies program coordinator Bernard says she received a letter from university president Ned Dallas informing her that if the minor is eliminated, some faculty members could lose their jobs if they cannot find other courses to teach. She received the letter one week after Efraim lost his lawsuit. (IMPACT)

Supporters of the program are attempting to recruit more students to the minor by putting up posters and holding midweek discussions on religion. Efraim will speak about his lawsuit at this week’s meeting, and Hinkleson said he plans to meet with Dallas to discuss the program. (EDGE)

(close: future projection)

Supporters of the program are attempting to recruit more students to the minor by putting up posters and holding midweek discussions on religion. Efraim will speak about his lawsuit at this week’s meeting, and Hinkleson said he plans to meet with Dallas to discuss the program. (EDGE)

(close: future projection)