Prepared by:

Younes TAIA

Brahim ELOMARI

Aziz DRIOUCH

Nadia BATMustapha ABOULAHASSAN

THE EROSION OF TIME :

• School calender.

• Intructional time.

• The pace of instruction.

• Teacher time-on-task.

• Student time-on-task.

PRISONERS OF TIME :

The National Education Commission reported ,in

April 1994, that schools were very much

controlled by the clock and that true school

reform must re-examine the allocation and use

of time o, the schools. The report came up with

eight recommendations as the rudder of a

school reform:

Reinvest school around learning, not time.

Fix the design flaw: use time in new and better ways.

Establish an academic day

Keep schools open longer to meet the needs of

children and communities.

Give teachers the time they need.

Invest in technology.

Develop local action plans to transform schools.

Share the responsibility: finger-pointing and evasion

must end.

BLOCK SCEDULING:• What is a Block Schedule?

On a Block Schedule, the length of class periods gets

doubled. For example, students attend four 90-minute

classes each day rather than six 50-minute classes

each day. Because of the increased time in each

course, a student can complete a traditional year's

worth of study in one semester. This allows students

to take more courses throughout a school year and

opens up the possibility to study either a wider range

of elective subjects or more depth in a particular

subject such as science, math or history.

Advantages of block scheduling:

Extra time supports more project-based learning and more learning

activities.

Teachers see fewer students each day and know them better.

Time permits more cooperative and hands-on learning.

Greater depth and breadth of content is possible.

Less time spent in between class transitions.

Opportunity for providing more individualized instructions.

Blocks allow time for more and more one-on-one teaching and

evaluation.

Teachers ‘planning time is longer and more feasible.

Students have less homework each weekday.

Blocks allow more time to integrate technology into instruction.

Disadvantages of block scheduling:

• Teachers face the challenges of holding students’ attention.

• Teachers must have a variety of instructional skills.

• Teachers have to spend more time with exasperating classes.

• Students lack daily reinforcement of content.

• Students find it harder to catch up after absences.

• Impact on achievement is still questionable.

• Teachers may end up teaching more courses in a year.

• Student transfers between schools are more difficult to handle.

• Blocks may decrease participation in extra-curricular

activities. (largely due to schedule conflicts with academic

courses).

Six tips for minimizing classroom interruptions.

Carry a stopwatch for a day or a week

Let the world know that intrusions are not welcome

Hang out a sign outside the doors, such as Important

Learning in Progress or Please do not disturb : Learning in

Progress

If doors or windows provide too many visual

distractions, rearrange the furniture to face away from the

distraction

Let other teachers know that sending students to borrow

supplies during class is not welcome. Be tactful but assertive

Conduct a well planned, organized lesson, have the necessary

materials ready before class begins.

Teacher time robbers:

Teachers usually suffer from the activities that they most

frequently cite as keeping them from doing their job better.

The following are examples of those activities:

filling out forms, paper work.

repeating directions.

dealing with unplanned interruptions.

doing clerical tasks , photocopying.

handling classroom behavior.

Classroom routines:

Here are some specific routines some teachers

find helpful in running their classrooms daily

activities.

Taking attendance.

Distributing and collecting materials.

Regaining students’ attention.

Storage solutions

A place for everything, and

everything in its place

The challenge of paperwork

Challenges of producing paperwork are :

• Question of environment .

• Time consuming.

Causes of the paper Deluge

What are the causes of having a lot of papers?

The number of publications has exploded.

Many people are concerned with

documentation.

The invention of technology (photocopier and

computer).

Some tips for handling paperwork

Never save papers because you might need them

someday.

Set aside one day a year to purge all your files of any

piece of paper you don’t need.

Save only one copy of papers you need in the future.

In your desk or at the front of your file drawer, keep

three folders ; label the first Corespondence, the

second Schedules, and the third Forms.

A computer has the potential to help with all kinds of

paper work chores.

Communications

A teacher’s job entails hundreds of communications

each day.

Tips fo effective use of communication channels:

Leave notes for teachers, administrators,or

students_rather than taking time to wait for someone.

Use a Rolodex file to record important phone and fax

numbers and email adresses …etc

Develop your own form of letters.

Teacher Time Log

Teacher Time Log is a record that reveals

how class time is really spent.

The Log aims at :

heplping you get a good reflection on where

your time really goes.

Developing new strategies that help you spend

more time on doing higher-priority activites

To-Do ListList everything you need or want to get done.

Set your priorities.

A - Must be done

B – Should be completed if at all possible

C – Low priority, completed only after doing A’s

and B’s

Prioritize tasks within each group.

Developing this habit will increase

productivity.

Assessing Student Time-On-Task

How ?

Focus on decreasing noninstructional activites.

Increasing student engagement rates.

Using a systematic observation :

how long does it take to get a class started ?

how smooth are the transitions from one task

to the next ?

Procrastinations payoffs

Different ‘reason’ for procrastinations.

Procrastinations as a life style.

Some of its ADVANTAGES !!!

Cases in which it occurs.

Attacking procrastination

Begin small and progress as you experience

success.

Establish your own deadlines.

Set a definite beginning point.

Set priorities.

Reward yourself.

Tips

on

getting

orginized

Nothing is so fatiguing as the eternal hanging on an uncompleted

task.

--William, Letters of William

Know what

you want!!

Plan for

success

.

Discover you

prime time.

Are you an early

bird or a night

owl? When you are

most creative.

Keep a personal Calendar.

Have a balanced life

Been to a good meeting

Look for alternatives to a meetig

• E-mail

• Telephone call

• Adapt the ’ Delphi technique’

Have an agenda

Distribute the written agenda a day or

two before the meeting if possible.

Invite advance preparation.

Clear-cut goals for the meeting

Schedule discussion

Begin on time

Waiting for all the late comers to arrive

punishes those who are punctual.

Make sure the meeting will begin on time

Suggest to the chairperson that the

meeting begin.

Send out the notice and agenda for the

begining and ending.

Try to begin off-hour times

Include only necessary people

Invite only those persons whose presence

is directly related to the meeting goals.

Attend only those meetings at which your

presence is essencial.

Select a conductive environment

Seek a location that avoids traffic flow.

Close the door

Be interrupted only for emergencies.

Don’t allow cell phones.

Rerrange the chairs to fit the meeting

purpose.

Keep the meeting on task

Every meeting room must have a clock

Summarize segnificant points.

Remain sensitive to participats’s hidden

agendas.

Record progressKeep a written account of the

discussion.

Use PERT to help manage large

projects.

Summarize decisions and include a list

of responsibilities for the follow up

action.

If the groupis meeting again,Include the

meeting time and agenda.

End on time

Agree on specific ending time at the

begining and use back-to-back technique.

Set the time for your next meeting before

the meeting

Student help

Give students to learn new skills.

Introduce student assistance the first

week of school.

Ask students to complete specific

tasks.

Video

Discussion

Activity3Classify the following activities according to the categories in the table below: •Educational Technology assignments ( lesson plan/ scoop it )•classroom management assignment ( analyzing Episodes )•ESP readings ( chapter 6)•Educational psychology assignments( essays)•the midterm exam of General English•literature readings

URGENT JUST DO

IT!

AT EASE