Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Jefferson and His PresidencyHis Presidency

Election of 1800Election of 1800 Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr both tie with 73 votes. Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr both tie with 73 votes.

It goes to the House and Hamilton controls the It goes to the House and Hamilton controls the outcome and chooses Jefferson! Why? outcome and chooses Jefferson! Why?

He hates Burr more than Jefferson!He hates Burr more than Jefferson! Thomas Jefferson became our 3Thomas Jefferson became our 3rdrd presidentpresident The Democratic-Republicans took control of The Democratic-Republicans took control of CongressCongress The Twelfth Amendment was added to the The Twelfth Amendment was added to the

ConstitutionConstitution Pres and VP run as a Pres and VP run as a ticketticket

"We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists." "We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists." (Appealing to both Parties)(Appealing to both Parties)

Election of 1800Election of 1800 Referred to as constituting “another Referred to as constituting “another

revolution” revolution” the party in power (Federalist) stepped down the party in power (Federalist) stepped down

after losing the electionafter losing the election Changes made by JeffersonChanges made by Jefferson

Size of the military reduced (Why?)Size of the military reduced (Why?) Number of Federal employees increasedNumber of Federal employees increased Amount of national debt reducedAmount of national debt reduced Alien and Sedition Acts repealed (Why?)Alien and Sedition Acts repealed (Why?) Lowered Government Expenses, Cut TaxesLowered Government Expenses, Cut Taxes Increased the power of Agricultural in the South.Increased the power of Agricultural in the South. Free Trade w/o Government ControlFree Trade w/o Government Control Reduced the size of the National Bank (Why?)Reduced the size of the National Bank (Why?)

Judiciary Act 1801Judiciary Act 1801

Increases the Number of Federal Increases the Number of Federal Judges to 16.Judges to 16.

The Midnight JudgesThe Midnight Judges

John Adams filled all open positions John Adams filled all open positions with with Federalist Federalist Judges!Judges!

Adams appoints one right before Adams appoints one right before Jefferson takes office. (Why?) Hence Jefferson takes office. (Why?) Hence the midnight judge.the midnight judge.

This causes some problems for the This causes some problems for the Supreme Court… Stay tuned!Supreme Court… Stay tuned!

Marbury Vs. Madison (1803)Marbury Vs. Madison (1803)

William Marbury – A Supreme court William Marbury – A Supreme court judge judge appointed by appointed by Adams Adams on his last night of on his last night of Office.Office.

Jefferson ordered the Secretary of state Jefferson ordered the Secretary of state (James Madison) not to deliver the official (James Madison) not to deliver the official papers to Marbury the next day.papers to Marbury the next day.

Marbury Sued Madison over this matter.Marbury Sued Madison over this matter. What does the Supreme court do? Does What does the Supreme court do? Does

Marbury win? Take a guess in your notes!Marbury win? Take a guess in your notes!

Marbury Vs. Madison ContinuedMarbury Vs. Madison Continued Supreme court rules against Marbury!Supreme court rules against Marbury! Why?Why? Jefferson was going to ignore the Jefferson was going to ignore the

appointment & therefore ignore the appointment & therefore ignore the supreme court.supreme court.

So…The Supreme Court protects their So…The Supreme Court protects their power keeping judicial review.power keeping judicial review.

Judicial Review- Gives the SC the power Judicial Review- Gives the SC the power to decide which laws are Constitutional.to decide which laws are Constitutional.

Now Write in your own words!Now Write in your own words!

Hamilton Vs. BurrHamilton Vs. Burr

Duel (1804) When two gentleman Duel (1804) When two gentleman cannot settle an argument and ones cannot settle an argument and ones honor honor is in question they use Pistols to is in question they use Pistols to settled it.settled it.

Hamilton Hamilton Supported Supported Burr’s Opponent Burr’s Opponent in the New York Governors race.in the New York Governors race.

Burr Challenges Hamilton and Kills him.Burr Challenges Hamilton and Kills him. Hamilton Never fires a Hamilton Never fires a shotshot..

Hamilton vs. Burr Hamilton vs. Burr

TOUSSAINT TOUSSAINT L’ OUVERTURE L’ OUVERTURE

LEADS A SLAVE REVOLT AGAINST THE LEADS A SLAVE REVOLT AGAINST THE FRENCHFRENCH

NAPOLEON SENDS NAPOLEON SENDS 20,000 20,000 TROOPS TROOPS YELLOW FEVER AND L’OUVERTURE’S YELLOW FEVER AND L’OUVERTURE’S

ARMY ARMY DEFEAT DEFEAT THE FRENCHTHE FRENCH Slaves earn their freedom in France! Slaves earn their freedom in France!

Unfortunately Takes longer in the US!Unfortunately Takes longer in the US! Because of trouble in France Napoleon Because of trouble in France Napoleon

needs needs Money Money and and AlliesAllies! Which leeds ! Which leeds to….?to….?

TOUSSAINT TOUSSAINT L’ OUVERTURE L’ OUVERTURE

Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase Jefferson’s purchase of Louisiana had Jefferson’s purchase of Louisiana had

its origins in his desire to its origins in his desire to Give the United States control over the Give the United States control over the

Mississippi Mississippi RiverRiver Acquire a Acquire a port port to provide an outlet for to provide an outlet for

western crops western crops Hoped to preserve an agricultural Hoped to preserve an agricultural

(agrarian) society by making abundant (agrarian) society by making abundant lands available to future generationslands available to future generations

To prevent war with France over control To prevent war with France over control of the Louisiana Territory and secure of the Louisiana Territory and secure American commerceAmerican commerce

JEFFERSON WANTS JEFFERSON WANTS NEW ORLEANSNEW ORLEANS

JEFFERSON SENDS JAMES JEFFERSON SENDS JAMES MONROE & ROBERT MONROE & ROBERT LIVINGSTON TO PARIS.LIVINGSTON TO PARIS.

THEY ARE TO BUY NEW THEY ARE TO BUY NEW ORLEANS- CAN PAY AS MUCH ORLEANS- CAN PAY AS MUCH AS $10 MILLIONAS $10 MILLION

Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase April 30, 1803April 30, 1803

Robert Livingston & Robert Livingston & James Monroe signed James Monroe signed the Louisiana Purchase the Louisiana Purchase Treaty in ParisTreaty in Paris

The United States paid The United States paid $15 million$15 million for the for the land, roughly 4 cents land, roughly 4 cents per acreper acre

The purchase added The purchase added 828,000828,000 square miles square miles of land west of the of land west of the Mississippi to the Mississippi to the United StatesUnited States

July 4 the Louisiana July 4 the Louisiana Purchase is publicly Purchase is publicly announcedannounced Original treaty can be found at:

http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals_iv/sections/louisiana_purch

ase_treaty.html

MORE…MORE… IF THE FRENCH REFUSE, IF THE FRENCH REFUSE,

MONROE IS TO FORM AN MONROE IS TO FORM AN ALLIANCE WITH BRITAIN ALLIANCE WITH BRITAIN AGAINST FRANCE.AGAINST FRANCE.

Maps of the Louisiana PurchaseMaps of the Louisiana Purchase

The original maps can be found at: The original maps can be found at: http://www.washington.edu/uwired/outreach/cspn/hstaa432/lesson_4/louisiana.html

JEFFERSON’S PRINCIPLES JEFFERSON’S PRINCIPLES GET IN THE WAY.GET IN THE WAY.

JEFFERSON IS A STRICT JEFFERSON IS A STRICT CONSTRUCTIONISTCONSTRUCTIONIST..

MUST USE IMPLIED POWERS TO MUST USE IMPLIED POWERS TO JUSTIFY THE DEAL.JUSTIFY THE DEAL.

FEDERALIST ATTACK JEFFERSON FEDERALIST ATTACK JEFFERSON FOR STRETCHING THE FOR STRETCHING THE CONSTITUTION.CONSTITUTION.

Lewis and Clark ExpeditionLewis and Clark Expedition

January 18, 1803January 18, 1803 Jefferson asks Jefferson asks

Congress for funds to Congress for funds to explore the land west explore the land west of the Mississippiof the Mississippi

His goal is to find a His goal is to find a water route to the water route to the PacificPacific

May 1804May 1804 Meriwether Lewis and Meriwether Lewis and

William Clark depart William Clark depart on the expeditionon the expedition

Map of Lewis and Clark’s RouteOriginal map can be found at:

http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/archive/maptrack_b.html

Lewis and Clark ExpeditionLewis and Clark Expedition

January 18, 1803January 18, 1803 Jefferson sends a Jefferson sends a

secret message to secret message to congress regarding congress regarding the Lewis and Clark the Lewis and Clark ExpeditionExpedition

In this message In this message Jefferson asks for Jefferson asks for permission to permission to establish trading establish trading with the Indianswith the Indians

LEWIS AND CLARK LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION 1804-1806EXPEDITION 1804-1806

ASCEND THE MISSOURI RIVER ASCEND THE MISSOURI RIVER AND CROSS TO THE PACIFICAND CROSS TO THE PACIFIC

SURVEY THE AREA AND SURVEY THE AREA AND ESTABLISH RELATIONS WITH THE ESTABLISH RELATIONS WITH THE INDIANSINDIANS

Embargo Act 1807Embargo Act 1807Forbade export of all goods from U.S.Forbade export of all goods from U.S.

Jefferson got Congress to hastily pass the actJefferson got Congress to hastily pass the act Reasoned that a U.S. embargo would force Britain & Reasoned that a U.S. embargo would force Britain &

France to respect its rights.France to respect its rights. Loose construction of the Constitution Loose construction of the Constitution

Congress' power to "regulate commerce" meant it could stop Congress' power to "regulate commerce" meant it could stop exports.exports.

Undermined Jefferson’s states’ rights philosophy Undermined Jefferson’s states’ rights philosophy

Embargo Act was a disaster to the U.S. economy. Embargo Act was a disaster to the U.S. economy. Why? We need foreign business more than they do.Why? We need foreign business more than they do.

Non Intercourse Act (ended Embargo Act)Non Intercourse Act (ended Embargo Act) Formally reopened trade with all nations of the world Formally reopened trade with all nations of the world

except France and Britainexcept France and Britain Remained U.S. policy until War of 1812.Remained U.S. policy until War of 1812.

JEFFERSON VS THE PASHA JEFFERSON VS THE PASHA OF TRIPOLIOF TRIPOLI

JEFFERSON OPPOSED LARGE ARMIES AND NAVIESJEFFERSON OPPOSED LARGE ARMIES AND NAVIES A THREAT TO THE GOVERNMENTA THREAT TO THE GOVERNMENT

Barbary Pirates take bribe money from US ships so Barbary Pirates take bribe money from US ships so that they don’t take their cargo.that they don’t take their cargo.

Pirates demands Pirates demands increaseincrease Jefferson won’t pay them, and tries to over through Jefferson won’t pay them, and tries to over through

the gov’t of Tripoli but does not the gov’t of Tripoli but does not succeedsucceed. . Jefferson realizes that with out a real military our Jefferson realizes that with out a real military our

nation is at risk.nation is at risk. AND EXPENSIVEAND EXPENSIVE

Because of the failed gov’t over through we pay Because of the failed gov’t over through we pay $60,000 in ransom. $60,000 in ransom.

Evaluating JeffersonEvaluating Jefferson

PositivesPositives Expands the size of the Expands the size of the

United States. United States. “Louisiana Purchase”“Louisiana Purchase”

Keeps US out of a Keeps US out of a costly warcostly war

Preserves neutralityPreserves neutrality

Negatives• Contradicts his own interpretation of the constitution.

~ Why? for the good of the country

JEFFERSON’S NAVAL JEFFERSON’S NAVAL POLICY LEADS TO POLICY LEADS TO

WEAKNESS.WEAKNESS.

JEFFS ARE TOO SMALL TO BE JEFFS ARE TOO SMALL TO BE USEFULUSEFUL

WHEN THE WAR OF 1812 COMES WHEN THE WAR OF 1812 COMES WE MUST BUILD REAL SHIPS TO WE MUST BUILD REAL SHIPS TO CONTEND WITH THE BRITISH.CONTEND WITH THE BRITISH.

1801 PASHA DECLARES 1801 PASHA DECLARES WAR ON U.S.WAR ON U.S.

HOW WOULD JEFFERSON RESPOND?HOW WOULD JEFFERSON RESPOND? SENDS MARINES TO THE “SHORES SENDS MARINES TO THE “SHORES

OF TRIPOLI”OF TRIPOLI” 1805 WAR ENDS - WE PAY $60,000 1805 WAR ENDS - WE PAY $60,000

IN RANSOM.IN RANSOM. BUT SHOWED WE WOULD FIGHT.BUT SHOWED WE WOULD FIGHT.

MORE…MORE…

2500 MEN IN THE ARMY2500 MEN IN THE ARMY BUILT “JEFFS” TO DEFEND BUILT “JEFFS” TO DEFEND

THE COAST. SMALL BOATS W THE COAST. SMALL BOATS W 1 GUN.1 GUN.

Louisiana Purchase cont’Louisiana Purchase cont’ Bought the land from NapoleonBought the land from Napoleon $15 million$15 million As a strict constructionist, the As a strict constructionist, the

Constitution did not authorize the Constitution did not authorize the President to negotiate treaties President to negotiate treaties incorporating huge new expanses of incorporating huge new expanses of land into the union. land into the union.

THE LOUISIANA THE LOUISIANA PURCHASEPURCHASE

IN 1800 NAPOLEON GAINS IN 1800 NAPOLEON GAINS CONTROL OF NEW CONTROL OF NEW ORLEANS FROM SPAIN.ORLEANS FROM SPAIN.

WITHDRAWS THE RIGHT WITHDRAWS THE RIGHT OF DEPOSIT IN1802OF DEPOSIT IN1802

NAPOLEON OFFERS TO NAPOLEON OFFERS TO SELL ALL OF LOUISIANASELL ALL OF LOUISIANA

PRICE $15 MILLION DOLLARS FOR PRICE $15 MILLION DOLLARS FOR ALL THE LAND BETWEEN THE ALL THE LAND BETWEEN THE MISSISSIPPI & THE ROCKY MTS.MISSISSIPPI & THE ROCKY MTS.

LIVINGSTON SIGNS THE DEAL APRIL LIVINGSTON SIGNS THE DEAL APRIL 30, 180330, 1803

828,000 SQ MILES (3CENTS AN 828,000 SQ MILES (3CENTS AN ACRE.ACRE.

Louisiana Yet AgainLouisiana Yet Again Jefferson reluctantly submitted the treaties Jefferson reluctantly submitted the treaties

to the Senate while privately admitting the to the Senate while privately admitting the purchase as unconstitutional. purchase as unconstitutional.

Senate promptly ratified the treaty Senate promptly ratified the treaty Land-hungry Americans jubilantly supported the Land-hungry Americans jubilantly supported the

purchase purchase Federalist opposition (typical of "loyal Federalist opposition (typical of "loyal

opposition" up to the present)opposition" up to the present) Ironically argued for strict construction: President did Ironically argued for strict construction: President did

not have power to purchase LA. not have power to purchase LA. Ironically claimed LA would cost too much especially Ironically claimed LA would cost too much especially

when balancing budget was a goal when balancing budget was a goal Real reason: worried that western lands would be loyal Real reason: worried that western lands would be loyal

to Jefferson’s Republicans..to Jefferson’s Republicans..

Jefferson’s LegacyJefferson’s Legacy

Expansion became prime goalExpansion became prime goal Creation of a democratic non-Creation of a democratic non-

aristocratic government aristocratic government Total defeat of Federalists by 1816 Total defeat of Federalists by 1816 Jefferson kept the country out of a Jefferson kept the country out of a

damaging European wardamaging European war War of 1812 not until late in Madison’s War of 1812 not until late in Madison’s

first term. first term.

CONSEQUENCES OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE DEALDEAL

DOUBLED THE SIZE OF THE DOUBLED THE SIZE OF THE UNITED STATES.UNITED STATES.

GAINED A RICH RIVER VALLEYGAINED A RICH RIVER VALLEY SECURED NEW ORLEANS AND SECURED NEW ORLEANS AND

THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER. JEFFERSON CALLED IT “THE JEFFERSON CALLED IT “THE

VALLEY OF DEMOCRACY.”VALLEY OF DEMOCRACY.”

JEFFERSON’S JEFFERSON’S FOREIGN POLICYFOREIGN POLICY

1801 TO 18091801 TO 1809

9. Zebulon Pike9. Zebulon Pike

Zebulon Pike also explores Zebulon Pike also explores the western territory. the western territory.

Pike reaches the Colorado Pike reaches the Colorado area and finds the area and finds the mountain which now bears mountain which now bears his name: Pike’s Peak.his name: Pike’s Peak.

Pike then moves south Pike then moves south into the Spanish territories into the Spanish territories which eventually become which eventually become Texas and Mexico.Texas and Mexico.

10. Jefferson’s Reelection10. Jefferson’s Reelection

By 1804, Jefferson was unquestioned By 1804, Jefferson was unquestioned success as a President. He was success as a President. He was easily reelected.easily reelected.

Burr decided to run for governor of Burr decided to run for governor of New York. Hamilton criticized Burr; New York. Hamilton criticized Burr; Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel; Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel; Burr shoots and kills Hamilton. Burr shoots and kills Hamilton. Burr’s term as Vice President was not Burr’s term as Vice President was not quite over at the time of the duel. quite over at the time of the duel.

11. Jefferson’s 211. Jefferson’s 2ndnd Term Term

Pirates from the Barbary Coast States Pirates from the Barbary Coast States in the Mediterranean Sea demand in the Mediterranean Sea demand tribute from U.S. trade ships.tribute from U.S. trade ships.

Jefferson refuses to pay the tributeJefferson refuses to pay the tribute The Barbary pirates from Tripoli declare The Barbary pirates from Tripoli declare

war on the U.S.war on the U.S. Jefferson does not want to fight; Jefferson does not want to fight;

instead, he orders a blockade of the instead, he orders a blockade of the port of Tripoli. port of Tripoli.

11. Jefferson’s 211. Jefferson’s 2ndnd Term Term

The blockade eventually works. The The blockade eventually works. The U.S. forces the pirates to sign a peace U.S. forces the pirates to sign a peace treaty which ends all tribute payments.treaty which ends all tribute payments.

The military action is popular in the The military action is popular in the U.S., but shows the need for a U.S. U.S., but shows the need for a U.S. navy.navy.

Jefferson puts aside his own personal Jefferson puts aside his own personal problems with the government paying problems with the government paying for a navy, and the country develops a for a navy, and the country develops a stronger defense.stronger defense.

11. Jefferson’s 211. Jefferson’s 2ndnd Term Term

Great Britain continues its policy of Great Britain continues its policy of impressment.impressment.

Impressment is when the British Impressment is when the British kidnap U.S. sailors and force them to kidnap U.S. sailors and force them to work as British sailors.work as British sailors.

The impressment issue becomes a The impressment issue becomes a big deal with the Chesapeake-big deal with the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair in June 1807.Leopard Affair in June 1807.

11. Jefferson’s 211. Jefferson’s 2ndnd Term Term

Jefferson deals with the impressment Jefferson deals with the impressment issue by asking for an embargo, or issue by asking for an embargo, or block of trade, against both Great block of trade, against both Great Britain and France.Britain and France.

Congress passes the Embargo Act of Congress passes the Embargo Act of 1807. The main victim of the law 1807. The main victim of the law was neither Great Britain nor Francewas neither Great Britain nor France—it was the U.S. merchants who —it was the U.S. merchants who could no longer trade with either could no longer trade with either country.country.

11. Jefferson’s 211. Jefferson’s 2ndnd Term Term

The Embargo Act proves EXTREMELY The Embargo Act proves EXTREMELY unpopular and Jefferson’s popularity suffers unpopular and Jefferson’s popularity suffers as a result.as a result.

Eventually, Congress repealed the Embargo Eventually, Congress repealed the Embargo Act and replaced it with the Non-Intercourse Act and replaced it with the Non-Intercourse Act.Act.

The Non-Intercourse Act was no more The Non-Intercourse Act was no more successful than the Embargo Act. American successful than the Embargo Act. American merchants and shipowners suffered greatly.merchants and shipowners suffered greatly.

Jefferson leaves office with a loss of respect.Jefferson leaves office with a loss of respect.

12. Jefferson after the Presidency12. Jefferson after the Presidency

James Madison, the author James Madison, the author of the Constitution, a of the Constitution, a Democratic-Republican, Democratic-Republican, and Jefferson’s hand-and Jefferson’s hand-picked successor becomes picked successor becomes the next President.the next President.

Madison leads the country Madison leads the country during the War of 1812.during the War of 1812.

12. Jefferson after the Presidency12. Jefferson after the Presidency

Jefferson renews his friendship with Jefferson renews his friendship with his long-term friend and political his long-term friend and political rival, John Adams.rival, John Adams.

Jefferson and Adams exchange tons Jefferson and Adams exchange tons of letters with each other.of letters with each other.

Thomas Jefferson and John Adams Thomas Jefferson and John Adams both die on the same day: July 4, both die on the same day: July 4, 1826. It was the 501826. It was the 50thth anniversary of anniversary of the Declaration of Independence the Declaration of Independence which both men help write.which both men help write.

THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE IS JEFFERSON’S IS JEFFERSON’S

GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT AS PRESIDENT.AS PRESIDENT.

Chapter 10, Section 4Chapter 10, Section 4

Vocabulary 10.4Vocabulary 10.41.1. ImpressmentImpressment2.2. EmbargoEmbargo3.3. UnpreparedUnprepared4.4. CaptureCapture5.5. OutnumberedOutnumbered6.6. BlockadeBlockade7.7. PortPort8.8. InvadeInvade9.9. AlliesAllies

1.1. A refusal to trade A refusal to trade with another countrywith another country

2.2. FriendsFriends3.3. To take control ofTo take control of4.4. A place where ships A place where ships

stopstop5.5. Forcing sailors to Forcing sailors to

work on another shipwork on another ship6.6. Not readNot read7.7. To enter with forceTo enter with force8.8. Closing off an area Closing off an area

with shipswith ships9.9. When the other side When the other side

has more has more soldiers/people than soldiers/people than you doyou do

Causes of the WarCauses of the War ImpressmentImpressment

Britain and France were Britain and France were fighting a war in Europefighting a war in Europe

Britain began capturing Britain began capturing American sailors and American sailors and “impressing” them, or “impressing” them, or forcing them to work on forcing them to work on British shipsBritish ships

By 1807, Britain had By 1807, Britain had seized more than 1,000 seized more than 1,000 American shipsAmerican ships

2.2. Embargo Act of 1807Embargo Act of 1807 President Jefferson President Jefferson

convinced Congress to convinced Congress to declare an embargodeclare an embargo

Jefferson believed the Jefferson believed the embargo would hurt embargo would hurt Britain, but it really hurt Britain, but it really hurt AmericaAmerica

In 1809, Congress ended In 1809, Congress ended the embargo with all the embargo with all countries except Britain countries except Britain and Franceand France

3.3. America’s Desire America’s Desire for Canadafor Canada

Americans saw Americans saw that Canada was that Canada was not well-defended not well-defended by Britainby Britain

Americans wanted Americans wanted more land and more land and believed that believed that people in Canada people in Canada would want to join would want to join the United Statesthe United States

B.B. The War HawksThe War Hawks A group of Republican A group of Republican

Congressmen from the Congressmen from the South and WestSouth and West

Wanted war against BritainWanted war against Britain Led by Senator Led by Senator John C. John C.

CalhounCalhoun of South Carolina of South Carolina and and Henry ClaryHenry Clary of of KentuckyKentucky

C.C. Election of 1808Election of 1808 James MadisonJames Madison, a , a

Democratic-Democratic-Republican, wonRepublican, won

In the Spring of 1812, In the Spring of 1812, Madison decided to go Madison decided to go to war against Britainto war against Britain

D.D. The War in CanadaThe War in Canada Americans were Americans were

unprepared for warunprepared for war The British captured The British captured

Detroit and the Detroit and the Americans failed to Americans failed to capture Canadacapture Canada

Many Native Many Native Americans helped the Americans helped the British because they British because they wanted to stop wanted to stop Americans from Americans from taking more landtaking more land

E.E. The War at SeaThe War at Sea The U.S. Navy was young The U.S. Navy was young

and outnumberedand outnumbered In November of 1812, the In November of 1812, the

British blockaded the British blockaded the Chesapeake and Chesapeake and Delaware BaysDelaware Bays

The blockade grew The blockade grew throughout the warthroughout the war

By 1813, most American By 1813, most American ships were unable to ships were unable to leave their portsleave their ports

F.F. The War on LandThe War on Land Battle for WashingtonBattle for Washington

The British invaded The British invaded Washington, D.C. in Washington, D.C. in 18141814

British soldiers burned British soldiers burned the Capitol, the White the Capitol, the White House, and other House, and other public buildingspublic buildings

Before the British Before the British burned the White burned the White House, House, Dolley Dolley MadisonMadison saved a saved a famous painting of famous painting of George WashingtonGeorge Washington

2.2. Battle at Fort McHenryBattle at Fort McHenry Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott Key: an : an

American lawyer and American lawyer and prisoner of the Britishprisoner of the British

Saw an American flag Saw an American flag flying over Ft. McHenry flying over Ft. McHenry after the battleafter the battle

The flag inspired Key to The flag inspired Key to write “The Star-write “The Star-Spangled Banner”Spangled Banner”

G.G. The Battle of New The Battle of New Orleans (1815)Orleans (1815) The most The most

famous/important famous/important battle of the Warbattle of the War

Americans were lead Americans were lead to victory by General to victory by General Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson

The battle continued The battle continued even after the war even after the war ended because word ended because word did not reach the did not reach the Americans for several Americans for several weeksweeks

H.H. The Treaty of GhentThe Treaty of Ghent In December, 1815, In December, 1815,

British and Americans British and Americans met in Ghent, met in Ghent, Belgium to negotiate Belgium to negotiate a peace treatya peace treaty

Results of the warResults of the war:: Britain and Britain and

American became American became better alliesbetter allies

America gained America gained respect from other respect from other countriescountries

EndEnd

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