thomas j. howard pt.4 protovation

Design and Product Development Guest Lecture at Tallinn European Innovation Academy Thomas J. Howard www.thomasjhoward.com [email protected]

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2013 Original material by Thomas J. Howard, The Technical University of Denmark 2

Agenda Split into four sections each of roughly 40min (including exercises)

and a small break between each section Sections covered: 18:00 - Integrated Product Development 18:30 - Product/Service-Systems (PSS) 19:00 - Open Design 19:30 - Protovation


The three Key disciplines of: Integrated Product Development (IPD)

Business

Market Product

Production

’Need’ Situation


What are the remaining question marks and which are the biggest?

Business

Market Product

Production

’Need’ Situation

Do users want it ?

Will they pay that much ?

Is the market

that big ?

Does it look good

?

Does it work ?

Cost and vol. of

production?

Desired properties

?

? ? ?

? ?

?

?


?

Where are the big

question marks

Can a human powered centrifuge separate mercury from gold?


• Geo Center

• Professor Kurt S Anderson

Lærke Holstebroe Jeanne Lønstrup


?

Where are the big

question marks

Will people upload their wind speeds?


?

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/06/03/magazine/innovations-issue.html

Where are the big

question marks

Will transport services buy it?


Alarm Bells If the system requires a full

role-out to be of any use to the customers or stakeholders.

If you can think of lots of

people might want to buy the finished product/system but you can’t think of who would definitely be the first customer


?

Where are the big

question marks

?

?

?

? ?

? ?

? ?

? ?

?

?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZI1fcKUiVLo�


What are your burning questions?

Teams from Group A ask Teams from Group B about aspects of their project’s feasibility. Team B to LIST THE MAIN QUESTIONS. 5 mins

Discuss which is THE BIGGEST QUESTION MARK identified. 2 mins

Swap over.


What is a Prototype

?


A model to test an aspect of a product’s

feasibility, dealing with the burning

questions


Types of technical prototypes

– Proof-of-Principle Prototype

– Form Study Prototype

– User Experience Prototype

– Visual Prototype

– Functional Prototype

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype


Proof-of-Principle Prototype A proof of concept prototype is used to test some aspect of

the intended design without attempting to exactly simulate the visual appearance, choice of materials or intended manufacturing process. Such prototypes can be used to "prove" out a potential design approach such as range of motion, mechanics, sensors, architecture, etc. These types of models are often used to identify which design options will not work, or where further development and testing is necessary.

In electronics this is sometimes: “built on a breadboard”.


Dyson – 5127 prototypes

The hammer test

When James started out he tested prototypes by dropping them down a cast iron stairway at the back of his workshop. Simple but effective.

These days Dyson prototypes must endure 550 tests. Hoses are contorted and stretched. Cleaner heads are slammed into iron table legs. Performance is tested in temperatures as low as -20c in an environmental chamber. Things haven’t changed all that much though. Every 100th bin off the production line is whacked with a lump hammer just to make sure.

http://content.dyson.co.uk/insidedyson/default.asp


Form Study Prototype This type of prototype will allow designers to explore the

basic size, look and feel of a product without simulating the actual function or exact visual appearance of the product. They can help assess ergonomic factors and provide insight into visual aspects of the product's final form. Form Study Prototypes are often hand-carved or machined models from easily sculpted, inexpensive materials (e.g., urethane foam), without representing the intended colour, finish, or texture. Due to the materials used, these models are intended for internal decision making and are generally not durable enough or suitable for use by representative users or consumers.


Form prototypes

http://cmuid.tumblr.com/page/2

http://www.dwell.com/articles/Dyson-Airblade-process.html

Cutting tools Dyson AirBlade

http://28.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_kuqkvupVTL1qayg8vo8_1280.jpg�

http://27.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_kuqkvupVTL1qayg8vo7_500.jpg�


User Experience Prototype A User Experience Model invites active human interaction

and is primarily used to support user focused research. While intentionally not addressing possible aesthetic, this type of model more accurately represents the overall size, proportions, interfaces of a concept. This type of model allows early assessment of how a potential user interacts with various elements, motions, and actions of a concept which define the initial use scenario and overall user experience. As these models are fully intended to be used and handled, more robust construction is key. Materials typically include plywood, REN shape, RP processes and CNC machined components.


User Experience


Visual Prototype To capture the intended design aesthetic and simulate the

appearance, colour and surface textures of the intended product but will not actually embody the function(s) of the final product. These models will be suitable for use in market research, executive reviews and approval, packaging mock-ups, and photo shoots for sales literature.

http://www.volvotips.com/index.php/general/gallery/daf-museum/

Volvo 340

http://www.e90post.com/forums/showthread.php?t=159

BMW 305


Functional Prototype To the greatest extent practical will attempt to simulate the

final design, aesthetics, materials and functionality of the intended design. The functional prototype may be reduced in size (scaled down) in order to reduce costs. The construction of a fully working full-scale prototype and the ultimate test of concept, is the engineers' final check for design flaws and allows last-minute improvements to be made before larger production runs are ordered.


Advance Passenger Train (APT)


Proof of principle prototypes

Oversights revealed by the Prototypes

Concept 1 Concept 2 Concept 3

– Awkward assembly – Awkward assembly – Lock insecurity

revealed

– Very small increments

for code

– Cannot work in all

orientations

– More flimsy than

anticipated

– Code revealed under

tube

– To release bars must

first be raised

– Supporting pin are too

small

– More flimsy – Awkward to adjust code – Awkward to adjust code

– Lock insecurity

revealed

– Lock insecurity

revealed

+ Simplicity realised

+ More discreet than

anticipated

+ More sturdy + Dimensionally suited

+ An effective visual

deterrent

+ Locks securely even

when code is <2mm out


Prototype vs Production Model

Prototype parts Extruded parts

T cutter would have been required

for this section

Instead of using a T cutter to form the extra lip Mill Square then fasten will screws.


Proof of principle/form prototype


Mk. 9


User experience prototype


What about Market

Prototyping ?


Sun cream on demand

What are the burning questions related to the market feasibility of this

product?


The burning questions about market feasibility of sun cream 1.How much variety is required in SPF ? 2.What are the primary locations for sales? 3.Will customers change their mindsets/habits? 4.How many (% & Vol.) people forget to bring

SC? 5.What are customers willing to do to receive the

product? 6.What is the required dosing sizes?


Choose a couple of the questions and discuss how you could test the

feasibility using a prototype 10mins


Questions

?

thomas j. howard pt.4 protovation

Documents

production4 original

protovation2original

asp16original material

form study prototypes

intended design

visual aspects

days dyson prototypes

arethe big question