thermoelectric activities in germany and at fraunhofer ipm
TRANSCRIPT
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 1 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Réunion GDR Thermoélectricité 05.-06. 2012, Lyon, France 16.11.2012 Harald Böttner, Fraunhofer IPM, Freiburg, Allemagne
"Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM"
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
European Projects
DFG SPP1386 Nanothermoelectric
BMBF Thermopower
BMWI projects
?
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 2 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Technologies for energy harvesting: Thermoelectricity Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Kalina Cycle Heat exchanger Industrial heat pumps
Recommendations for public R&D funding: Evaluation of usable waste heat source New thermoelectric materials Industrial production technologies for thermoelectric
generators Improvement of heat exchanger New concepts for ORC New refrigeration substances for heat cycle
Result: TE is within the focus for public R&D
H. Bradke, Berlin, 05/2009
Scenarios and Strategies towards 2050: Energy efficiency in Industry
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Political aspects, „The German transformation of energy system“
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 3 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
International
EU
Carnot
National
DFG
BMBF
BMWI
Regions Saxony, Baden-Württemberg, NRW
Research organisations FhG, Max-Planck, Helmholtz, Leibniz
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Columns of R&D
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 4 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Industrial funded R&D
Siemens/Infineon Micropelt
Industrial R&D (few examples)
BASF (PbTe, materials, TE-batteries)
BMW (TE-engine integration)
Bosch (TE-engine integration)
IAV (TE-engine integration)
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
R& D in industry
Columns of R&D
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 5 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Producer/developer (devices and systems)
Micropelt (micro-TE-batteries)
O-flexx (TE-Batteries)
Peltron (classical TE-batteries)
Quick Ohm (custom solutions)
Inheco (custom solutions)
Teccom (custom solutions)
Gentherm (materials , TE-Engines)
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermoelectric companies
SMEs
large
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 6 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Karlsruhe
Kiel
Berlin Frankfurt/Oder
Cottbus
Dresden
Chemnitz
Selb Bayreuth
Regensburg
München Freiburg
Stuttgart
Würzburg
Illmenau
Halle Leipzig
Göttingen
Braunschweig
Magdeburg
Hanau
Ladenburg Ludwigshafen
Mainz
Jülich Köln
Münster
Karlsruhe
Wien
Dübendorf
Dresden
Halle
Köln
Freiburg
R&D 1989
R&D 2012
> 46 research facilities: Universities, Max-Planck, Fraunhofer, Helmholtz , (DLR, KIT,FZ Jülich), Leibniz (IFW) > 33 companies
Nürnberg
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
TE-map
Augsburg
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 7 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
PR CN
JP DE FR
web of science: 12-12-04, inhabitants: wikipedia 12-12-04
Germany 890 France 718
USA 3501 Japan 2373 PR China2311
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Comparison to world wide leading countries
Korea 269
Papers per mio. inhabitants
10,98
10,92
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 8 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
International
EU
Carnot
National
DFG
BMBF
BMWI
Regions Saxony, Baden-Württemberg, NRW
Research organisations FhG, Max-Planck, Helmholtz, Leibniz
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Columns of R&D
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 9 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
publications 2002-2012 (> 30)
scientific society/ consortium/group (3)
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Activities in Europe, a snapshot
TE
TE
TE TE
TE TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE Funded by FP 7 (17)
TE
TE
TE
TE TE
TE TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
/
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 10 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Country Participation Coordinator Publicationen
2008-2012
1 Germany 13 1 562 2 France 8 3 422 3 Spain 8 131 4 Sweden 7 1 76 5 Italy 7 2 113 6 UK 6 1 175 7 Austria 2 84 8 Greece 2 53 9 Russia 1 192
10 Turkey 1 68 11 Poland 1 168 12 Switzerland 1 110 13 San Marino 1 0 14 Cyprus 1 12 15 Czech Republic 1 56 16 Israel 1 46 17 Liechtenstein 1 0
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
FP 7 Projects: participation, coordination, publication
web of science: 12-11-30
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 11 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Acronym Start date End Date Coord. ? Funding Project
1 NEAT FP7-NMP 01.04.2011 31.03.2014 France 2882506 4008286
2 E2PHEST2US FP7-ENERGY 01.01.2010 31.12.2012 Italy 1977724 2697100
3 HEATRECAR FP7-TRANSPORT 01.11.2009 31.12.2012 Italy 2513250 4240834 NANO-TEC FP7-IDEAS-ERC 01.03.2010 28.02.2015 Spain 1228000 1228000
THERMO-SPINTRONIC FP7-PEOPLE 01.09.2012 31.08.2016 Spain 100000 100000
4 GREEN SILICON FP7-ICT 01.08.2010 31.07.2013 UK 1660000 2205303
5 NANOHITEC FP7-NMP 01.12.2011 30.11.2014 Liechtenstein 3750000 5287380 SPARKNANOTE FP7-PEOPLE 15.10.2011 14.10.2013 UK 210092 210092
6 THETAGEN FP7-JTI 01.01.2010 30.09.2011 France 474971 1016877 7 NEXTEC FP7-NMP 01.06.2011 31.05.2014 Sweden 3931929 6365779
8 THERMOMAG FP7-NMP 01.05.2011 31.10.2014 France 3986980 5996252
NANOSICON FP7-PEOPLE 01.08.2008 31.07.2010 Germany 159828 159828 COMPTHERM FP7-PEOPLE 01.04.2009 31.03.2012 Sweden 45000 45000
22920280 33560731
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
FP 7 Projects
participation Fh IPM
participation other Fh I
TE /
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 12 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
NMP.2010.1.2-3 Thermoelectric energy (TE) converters based on nanotechnology aspects of the manufactured nanoparticles as well as the composites that would be part of the researched TE converters.
Expected impact : through improved TE materials ZT > 3
running from ~01/11 until ~ 10/2014
volume ~ 22 Mio€, funding ~ 15Mio€
(NMP) Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
FP 7 NMP Projects: keyword Thermoelectric
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 13 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
planar thermoelectric converters, materials: Bi2Te3, Si/SiGe/ B4C/B9C
http://nanohitec.eu/
http://www.neat-project.eu/
http://www.eu-nextec.eu/index.php
nano particle embedded in alloy thermoelectric, Mg2Si in n-Mg2(Si,Sn) alloy matrix
"Next Generation Nano-engineered Thermoelectric Converters – from concept to industrial validation".
http://www.thermomag-project.eu/index.html
n- and p-type Mg2Si, ZT > 1.5, operational temperature up to 550°C; raw materials <15€/kg
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
FP 7 NMP Projects: keyword Thermoelectric
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 14 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
companies 20 universities 14 non gov 9 FhG 4
SMEs 10 large scale industry 10
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
FP 7 NMP Projects: keyword Thermoelectric
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 15 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
250 500 750 1000 12500,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
Temperature [K]
"ZnO" Ohtaki 2008
"MgSi" Zaitev 2006
"MgSi" Fukano 2008
"CoSb3" Zhang 2009
"CoSb3" Shi 2011
"HH" Yu 2009
"HH" Yu 2009
ZT
some best published n-typeSkutterudites S ilicides Half-Heuslers (TiNiSn) Oxides
Theodora Kyratsi (Cyprus); hot pressed samples; Mg2Si0.4Sn0.4Ge0.185Bi0.015 ZT 1.4 @500°C!, Patent application
Nanostructured energy-harvesting thermoelectrics based on Mg2Si
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 16 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
High Temperature Nanocomposite Materials for Thermoelectric Power Generation (THERMO-PRESS), Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation, € 380.000, 2009-2013
Optimized Thermoelectric Nanocomposites (ΝΑΝΟ-THERM), Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation, PENEK, €90.000, 2009-2012
"Thermoelectric Nanosensor Networks", University of Cyprus, "Internal Research Programme of Large Size", Duration 1/6/2006 - 31/5/2010, MME Budget 120.000 CYP (210.000 Euro) (Total Budget of Project: 240.000CYP, 420.000 Euro)
Optimized Thermoelectric Materials and Technology, Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation (130.000 Euros)
Research and Education in Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology: Design, Development and Applications - Energy Generation and Storage - Thermoelectrics and Hydrogen Storage. INTERREG, Greece-Cyprus (300.000 Euros)
Thermoelectric funding in Cyprus
:1,32 Mio €
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 17 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
n- and p-type Mg2Si, ZT > 1.5, operational temperature up to 550°C; raw materials <15€/kg
Typ Material price in $/kg metals (metric tons)
2008 2012
V2VI3 Bi2Te3 140 81
IV-VI PbTe 99 59
Zn4Sb3 4 4
Silicides
p-MnSi1.73 24 3,5
n-Mg2Si0.4Sn0.6 18 20
Si0.8Ge0.2 660 415
Si0.94Ge0.06 270 152
Skutterudites CoSb3 11 10
Half Heusler TiNiSn 55 34
Clathtrate Ba8Ga16Ge30 1000 866
Oxides p-NaCo2O4 17 26
n-type Mg2Si, ZT ~ 1.5
operational temperature: ZT max @ 500°C
Raw materials ~ 20$/kg ~ 15€/kg
Nanostructured energy-harvesting thermoelectrics based on Mg2Si
FP 7 projects (“thermoelectric call”)
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 18 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
International
EU
Carnot
National
DFG
BMBF
BMWI
Regions Saxony, Baden-Württemberg, NRW
Research organisations FhG, Max-Planck, Helmholtz, Leibniz
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Columns of R&D
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 19 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
International
EU
Carnot
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
WATTS
coordinators Name of the
Institute e-mail address
Principal Coordinator: Dr. Alexandre
Jacquot
Fraunhofer Institute Physical
Measurement Techniques
alexandre.jacquot @ipm.fraunhofer.
de
National Coordinator
Dr. Anne Dauscher
Institut Carnot Énergie et
Environement en Lorraine
anne.dauscher @ijl.nancy-
universite.fr
Wafers based thin thermoelectric systems development
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 20 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Nr. Result Assessment criteria 1 n and p type metal/skutterrudite/metal
wafers with the thermoelectric material is as thin as 200 µm. Preparation methods: melt spinning spark plasma sintering
In this project there will be no requirement on the size of the wafers. Wafer as large as possible will be produced. Wafers must be produced with the thermoelectric material is as thin as 200 µm.
2 Thin thermoelectric converters with a power range between 0.5 and 2 Watts and a footprint of 1 cm2
The power produced must be at least 0.5 Watt The footprint must be 1 cm2
3 System that demonstrates actuation, sensing, power management and data transmission at an electrical power level of 1 Watt.
The systems must cover its electrical energy needs (at least 1 Watt) by drawing thermal energy from its environment.
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
WATTS
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 21 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
International
EU
Carnot
National
DFG
BMBF
BMWI
Regions Saxony, Baden-Württemberg, NRW
Research organisations FhG, Max-Planck, Helmholtz, Leibniz
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Columns of R&D
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 22 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Materials Dr. Harald Böttner ( Fraunhofer IPM, Freiburg) Dr.-Ing. Gabi Schierning -Deputy- (Univ. of Duisburg-Essen)
Characterisation Prof. Dr. Christian Jooß (Univ. of Göttingen) Dr. Raphael Hermann -Deputy- (FZ Jülich)
Theory Prof. Dr. Ingrid Mertig (Martin Luther Univ. Halle/Wittenberg) Prof. Dr. Christian Elsässer -Deputy- (Fraunhofer IWM, Freiburg)
Three areas
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 23 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
DFG priority programm „Nanothermoelectric“
Principle investigator distribution:
1st 2nd
on topics
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 24 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Nanostructure, thermoelectric properties
and transport theory of V2VI3 and V2VI3 /
IV-VI based superlattices (Break and
Beyond)
Fraunhofer IPM projects (2009-2015) Break / Break and Beyond
a hard nut to crack
Comprehensive Clarification of the Physical Reasons of the Breakthrough of ZT~2.4/1.7 for p/n-V2VI3-Superlattices (Break)
H. Böttner (Freiburg), W. Bensch (Kiel ), L. Kienle (Kiel )
R. Venkatasubramanian, E. Siivola, T. Colpitts, B. O'Quinn., Nature 2001, 413, 597
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 25 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
First method:
Nanoalloying
MBE: low thermal
stability, no efficient
reduction of l by „SLs“
Sputter deposition:
better thermal stability,
but no efficient
reduction of l by „SLs“
and good PF
key point for high ZT ! better thermal
stability: should give
high PF and low l
Fabrication of SLs by nanoalloying -> results
TEM Sputtered
TEM MBE
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 4000.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
SLs 2h
homogen. 2h
SLs 24h
l [W
/mK
]
Annealing temperature [°C]
(Bi,Sb)2Te
3
PF ~ 40
ZT 0.6-1.9
PF ~ 15
µW / cmK²M. Winkler, et al., J. Electron. Mater. 41, 2012, 1322
U. Schürmann et al, Adv. Eng. Mater. 2012, 14, No. 3
MBE
Sputtered
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 26 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Colors: MBE – Sputtering – Theory – new review
Accepted for publication in ZAAC
recent papers concerning Break /Break and Beyond
P. Zahn, Dresden B. Yu. Yavorsky , Karlsruhe I. Mertig, F. N. Hinsche,Halle
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 27 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
International
EU
Carnot
National
DFG
BMBF
BMWI
Regions Saxony, Baden-Württemberg, NRW
Research organisations FhG, Max-Planck, Helmholtz, Leibniz
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Columns of R&D
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 28 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Aims
Coordinated by industry
Exploitation of the potential of thermoelectric heat to current conversion
Application of this technology for increased efficiency in energy comsuming equipment
Complete value chain from material over module to specific systems including thermoelctric
Key application: automotive
Funding
17 proposals
11 funded (Vol.: ~ 45 Mio. €, funding ~ 27 Mio. €)
> 30 companies, 26 research facilities
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermopower I
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 29 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Topics of funded projects:
Materials- and modules based on: Silicides, oxides, chalkogenides, Skutterudites, Half-Heuslers, Zintls
Application in systems: self powered sensor systems, cooling of electronic devices, industrial waste heat, automotive industriy
Expected results
modul-prototyps based on better materials
prototyps in automobils and industrial equipment
Feasibility is proved : new materials in modules and systems!
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermopower I
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 30 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
activities Fraunhofer IPM:
SiGe thin films , Micropelt technology for 8”
Silicide modules,
automotive systems
metrology (round robin test)
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermopower I
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 31 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
ThermoElectric-Standardisation „TESt“ Start: 01.01.2011
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermopower I
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 32 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
TESt
Public funded projects in Germany
German Thermoelectric
Society
EURAMET
International Thermoelectric
Society
European Thermoelectric
Society
Round Robin Tests For high temperature materials and thermoelectric generators
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermopower I
ThermoElectric-Standardisation „TESt“
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 33 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
International
EU
Carnot
National
DFG
BMBF
BMWI
Regions Saxony, Baden-Württemberg, NRW
Research organisations FhG, Max-Planck, Helmholtz, Leibniz
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Columns of R&D
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 34 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
ThermoHeusler Coordinator: Bosch Isabellenhütte Heusler GmbH (Friedrich Heusler 1903) Fraunhofer IPM (responsible for modules) Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
HighTEG Coordinator: Behr Evonik CeramTEC AG Leoni (founded 1496) DLR Köln Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg ZAE Bayern
1901 the director Friedrich
Heusler (1866 – 1947),
discovered the later named
„Heuslerschen
Legierungen“ Heusler alloys
(alloys of non ferreous
metals). These alloys are
ferromagnetic, although
the constituents are non
magnetic metals.
Christmas tree decoration using leoni type wires (~1920)
Volume ~19Mio; funding ~11 Mio
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermoheusler
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 35 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Start of large scale production (n-material) Isabellenhütte, Dillenburg ~3kg (p-material) Vacuumschmelze, Hanau~5 kg
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermoheusler
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 36 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 11000.0
0.5
1.0
Fig
ure
of
mer
it Z
T
Temperature T [K]
thermoHEUSLER
LSR JGU Mainz
A
B
C
Yu et al.,
ActaMater 2009
A B
C
n-material
Benjamin Bahlke, priv. comm. 19.11. 2012
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermoheusler
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 37 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
0 100 200 300 400 500
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
ZT
Temperature [°C]
IPM_SPS_Thermoheusler_141 LFA M01 cp + Thermoheusler_141 IPM-SRX M01 ip
IPM_SPS_Thermoheusler_142 LFA M01 cp + Thermoheusler_142 IPM-SRX M01 ip
ZT p-material
300 400 500 600 700 8000,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
N10_klein LFA M01 cp + IPM-SRX M01 ip
Literatur
ZT
Temperature [K]
ZT n-material
Literature
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermoheusler
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 38 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
0.85 W/cm2 @Thot 530°C, Tcold 30-50°C basis TE-material
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermoheusler
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 39 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
long-term objective 100T/a, in within two years 30 kg/batch, VC Kapital 20 Mio. $
Chris Caylor; Zhifeng Ren GMZ, Boston College
current batch for HH is 100 gr, nanosacle-HH nanosacle (ball milling) Hot pressed wafer 2“ p-ZT peak 1.1, n-ZT peak 1.1, module HH and Bi2Te3; 9.0 % efficiency @ DT 700K, contact resistance ~ p:0.6 µ cm2, n:0.7 µ cm2 goal 1kW TEG resulting in 5% „FE increase“
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Thermoheusler international competition
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 40 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Funding project volume
DFG (German Research
Society) 8,7 8,7
BMBF Scientific 5,5 5,5
Fed. Min. of Education
and Research
BMBF applied 25 40
Fed. Min. of Education
and Research
BMWI 11 19
Fed. Min. of Economics
and Technology
total 50,2 73,2
EU FP 7
23
34
Nanoscale TE SPP 1386
Thermopower I 27 45
17,4 17,4
60,9 86,9
Funding in Germany
?
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 41 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
LeGrandeur-Kajikawa-Chen-Böttner-Fairbanks 12-12-04 priv. comm.
Global Investment in TE Technology- November 2012 Snapshot (~ 2008 -2013 5 ~yr bucket)
Region Total Spend, Mio. €
Total Government funds, Mio. €
EU 138 96 North America 41 29 Russia 31 15 Japan 17 17 China 12 12 Worldwide Total 236 166
Worldwide public sector thermoelectric investments
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 42 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
International
EU
Carnot
National
DFG
BMBF
BMWI
Regions Saxony, Baden-Württemberg, NRW
Research organisations FhG (10/60), Max-Planck, Helmholtz, Leibniz
Thermoelectric in Germany: overview
Columns of R&D
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 43 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
DFG one one BMBF five two BMWI one one BaWü two Carnot one one EU four one fourteen
Public funded projects
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 44 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
10 scientists 7 engineers 9 technicians 15 students 41 TE-fans
Harald Böt t ner Kilian bart holome Mart in Jägle Jan König Const anze bach Markus Bart el Benjamin Bayer Rol and B i nni nger Olovia Herm Pat r ik Broucke
Alexander bär Mat eusz Cichosz Susanne Drost Elena Felk Norbert Francz Marco Frey Eugen Geczi Est eban Gross Daniel Hauerwas Nikola Henze
Jana Heuer Jonas Horn Jan Horzella Alexandre Jacquot Christ ian Jedrusik Uwe Kruck Andreas Kürzinger Timo Larke Nat alya Mat lakova Frank Menzel
Ulr ikew Nussel Hans-F. Pernau Angela Pf aadt Diet er Rut sch Silvia Rut schinski Sabrina Schwarzer Monika St ef an Karina Tarant ik Julia Tet cau Marc Vergez
Uwe Vet t er Frank Vollmer Markus Winkler Christ of Zäh
Department Thermoelectric Systems
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 45 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Converters for power generation and cooling
High-Temperature and Nano materials
Bulk and thin film system technology
Development of production processes
Simulation
Metrology for materials, modules and integrated systems
systems development
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 46 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Materials
High temperature and Nano materials
Using of melt spinning
Development of new production methods (SPS)
Development of Seebeck „standard“ materials and metrology in with PTB and international metrology institutes
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 47 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Metrology
Metrology on demand
High throughput screening systems
Online measurement of ZT-value
Module characterization
On demand lab: costumer sample characterisation
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 48 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Source: EADS
Structure control in airplanes
~8mW output power with a 10g system
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
Energy-autarkic sensors
inside
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 49 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Source: E.G.O.
TEG
transmitter
Temperature-
sensor
insertion thermometer for cooking and food control
Martin Jägle
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
inside
Energy-autarkic sensors
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 50 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
Communicating coffee pot
Energy-autarkic sensors
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 51 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
Communicating coffee pot
Version 0
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 52 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Kaffee leer!
Data:
Max. TEG-voltage: 400 mV
Average TEG-voltage: 150 mV
Max. power: 85 mW
Average power: 12 mW
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
Communicating coffee pot
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 53 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
Internet: www.ipm.fraunhofer.de
Quelle: fotolia.de
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
Communicating coffee pot
Never again cold coffee
© Fraunhofer IPM / Folie 54 Réunion GDR Thermoélecricité, 05./06. 2012, Lyon, France "Thermoelectric activities in Germany and at Fraunhofer IPM" Harald Böttner
http://www.ipm.fraunhofer.de/en/ideas-expertise/thermoelectrics.htm
Energy-Autarkic Systems and Thermoelectric Metrology
Thermoelectric Energy Converters
Thermoelectric Systems
Thank you for your attention
Thermoelectric at Fraunhofer IPM
Office of German Thermoelectric Society