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There and Back Again
Virtual reality tests for diagnosing early Alzheimer’s disease
Dr Dennis Chan
Department of Clinical Neurosciences
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Why do we need a new approach?
We need to improve:
Diagnostic utility
Ecological validity
Trial outcome measures
Scientific understanding
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Why do we need a new approach?
We need to improve:
Diagnostic utility
Ecological validity
Trial outcome measures
Scientific understanding
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Cheap and simple but inaccurate
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PET brain scanning Lumbar puncture
Accurate but expensive and unpleasant
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Why do we need a new approach?
We need to improve:
Diagnostic utility
Ecological validity
Trial outcome measures
Scientific understanding
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Bedside cognitive tests
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Why do we need a new approach?
We need to improve:
Diagnostic utility
Ecological validity
Trial outcome measures
Scientific understanding
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How we test new drugs
In animal models
In humans
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Why do we need a new approach?
We need to improve:
Diagnostic utility
Ecological validity
Trial outcome measures
Scientific understanding
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A new approach
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The progression of AD changes across the brain
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Hippocampal place cells
Work by John O’Keefe (UCL) in 1971; Nobel Prize in Medicine 2014
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Which
picture
shows the
same place?
The 4
Mountains Test
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Spatial memory testing correlates with dementia risk
score in PREVENT
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The entorhinal cortex:
Ground Zero in AD
place cell
head direction cell
grid cell
border cell
Hippocampus
Entorhinal
cortex
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VR navigation task
Howett et al. (2018) submitted
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Howett et al. (2018) submitted
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Distance error scatterplot: controls
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Distance error scatterplot: MCI -ve
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Distance error scatterplot: MCI +ve
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VR navigation testing provides
Diagnostic utility 👍
Ecological validity 👍
Trial outcome measures 👍
Scientific understanding 👍
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Next steps
VR in PREVENT
Navigation testing
from virtual reality to ….reality
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Acknowledgments
David Howett
Zoe Adler
John O’Brien
Julija Krupic
Tereza Vargova
Ruth Wood
Neil Burgess
John King
Andrea Castegnaro
John O’Keefe