the universe of possibilities using af -...
TRANSCRIPT
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© Copyr i gh t 2014 O SIs o f t , LLC .
Presented by
The Universe of
Possibilities
using AF
Herbert Falk
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The Core of Future Applications
2
AF PI NotificationsPI Event Frames
PI Analytics
PI TAGs
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Application Considerations
• Think to the future, not only tactically
» Think out of the box
» Try to see synergies
» Use of standards
» Model Management
» What is an event?
» Analysis benefits
» Visualization
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CIM and 61850
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 4
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Common Information Model (CIM) is an Information Model
of the Power System
5
Central GeneratingStation
Step-Up Transformer
DistributionSubstation
ReceivingStation
DistributionSubstation
DistributionSubstation
Commercial
Industrial Commercial
Gas Turbine
RecipEngine
Cogeneration
RecipEngine
Fuel cell
Micro-turbine
Flywheel
Residential
Photovoltaics
Batteries
UML – Unified Modeling Language
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CIM is a Comprehensive Model for Utilities
6
ERP
Consumer
AssetsDocumen-tation
Core2
OAG
Generation
Load
Outage
Protection
SCADA
Measurements
Topology
Core
Domain
Financial
EnergyScheduling
Reservation
IEC 61970 from IEC TC57 WG13
IEC 61968 from IEC TC57 WG14
MarketOperations
IEC 62325fromIEC TC57WG16
Wires
Distribution EMS, Transmission & Planning Markets (Euro & NA)
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CIM Impact on European TSOs and DSOs
• EU Network codes are being established by ENTSO-E are CIM
based
• Operational models, planning models, and state solution
exchanges within ENTSO-E are all CIM based
• European Smart Grid projects and standards are being
developed using CIM based solutions 1
1 http://cimug.ucaiug.org/Meetings/Oslo2014/default.aspx© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 7
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IEC 61850: A New Approach to Power System Communications
• IEC 61850 is much more than a protocol:
» Standardized Device and Object Modeling› Logical Devices, Logical Nodes, Common Data Classes, etc.
› Extensions unique to specific applications (Hydro, Distributed Energy Resources (DER), Wind power, etc.)
» Standardized Service/Behavior Modeling
» Standardized XML and a Design Process for System Description and Device Configuration
» Standardized Communications Profiles (Protocols) for Many Use Cases
» Standardized Conformance Test Cases
• ENTSO-E is developing IEC 61850 user profiles for TSOs
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IEC 61850 Data Model
9
Physical Device – Named IED(network address)
Logical Device
(e.g. Relay1)
MMXU1
Measurement Unit #1
MXMeasurements
AAmps
PhVVolts
DCDescriptions
AAmps
PhVVolts
XCBR2
Circuit Breaker #2
Logical Nodes
STStatus
PosPosition
COControls
PosPosition
IED:Relay1/MMXU1.MX.A IED:Relay1/XCBR2.CO.PosCurrent
MeasurementsBreaker
Position Control
IEC 61850 Object
Names Use Power
System Context
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Impact of CIM and IEC 61850 on PI AF
• CIM and IEC 61850 have modeling information that can be leveraged by PI AF to provide context and meaning to PI data.
• Using data models to drive integration and application development is a proven method to manage the complexity of large scale systems.
• CIM and IEC 61850 provide a good starting point for most of a utilities modeling needs and a process for customizing it to meet your individual needs.
• Building custom models from the ground up is wasteful and can lead to many non-interoperable models for each functional requirement.
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SISCO CIM Adapter Enables CIM & IEC 61850 for PI AF
• Enables any model in CIM-
XML format to be imported
into PI AF.
• Find data in the context of the
power system.
• Supports a Model-Driven
Process to manage all
application models.
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Typical Approach for Application Data Models?
12
• Each group looks at its own application requirements and develops a data model that is optimized for its own use:
» Only data needed for its application is considered.
» New data model elements are added as needed based on immediate requirements of the individual applications.
• The “Ad-Hoc” Approach
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Ad Hoc Approach for Line Rating Application
13
Line Rating ApplicationControl Area
CorridorLine Segment 1Line Segment 2
Ambient TempWind SpeedWind DirectionCurrentA Line
LineTempSag
B LineLineTempSag Line Rating App
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Ad Hoc Approach for Remedial Action Schemes
14
Line Rating App
Remedial Action ApplicationCorridor
North-South Interconnect
Line Trip RASGenerator Trip RAS
Airport SubstationSydney SubWest Dam SubEast Wind SubLine Status
CurrentMargin
Line Rating
RAS Arming
C-RAS App
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Ad Hoc Approach for Disturbance Monitoring
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C-RAS App
Disturbance Monitor AppControl Area
Airport SubSydney SubEast Wind Sub
BatteryBreakersTransformer
Voltage Level138KV69KV
West Dam Sub
DFR1
Bus Monitoring
Line Rating App
Disturbance Monitor
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Ad Hoc Approach for CBM Applications
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C-RAS App
Line Rating App
Disturbance Monitor
Condition Based MaintenanceCircuit Breakers
Sydney Sub69KV138KV
Breaker Q1A1Breaker Q1A2Breaker Q1A3Breaker Q2B1Breaker Q2B2
Last OperateNumOperations
TransformersSydney SubWest Wind Sub
CBM
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Impact of Ad Hoc Approach for Application Data
Models
17
• PI AF can accept as many models as you have space for.
• Impact of cross-organizational integration and data sharing ignored.
• Each group is individually satisfied with their own custom view until…..
C-RAS App
Line Rating App
Disturbance Monitor CBM
Next App?How
Many?
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Change Happens
• Addressing change becomes too difficult when each application
uses its own incompatible data modeling:
» Business needs demand organizational changes and new levels of data
sharing and integration.
» New technology must be addressed (e.g. renewables, DER,
“deregulation”, etc.
• Result: Application rewrites, reintegration, project delays,
barriers to data sharing.
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The CIM Model-Driven Process
• CIM is flexible to accommodate:» Extensions for non-standard business
needs
» Eliminate the complexity of unused models
• Profiles are created based on use cases to address your specific needs
• Instances created to relate existing data to the CIM Profile schema
• SISCO CIM Adapter used to configure PI AF Templates and Elements
• User applications use models to access data eliminating tag name dependency.
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User Requirements
ExtensionsUnusedElements
CIM Model
Schema forPI AF Templates
Profile
Instance File forPI AF Elements
ApplicationData
SISCO CIM Adapterand PI AF
Use Cases
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The Process of Profiling: Defining Information to be Exchanged
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 20
Step 1: Develop modelIteration
Step 2: Develop profile
ProposedStandardExtensions
Step 3: Implementation:Create adapters /configuration
Messages Files Databases
XSDRDFS
RDFS or OWL
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What can be created
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 21
Company
Substations
VoltageLevel
Bay
Equipment
PowerTransformer
HeatExchanger
TransformerWindings
TapChanger
BaseVoltage
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CBM Modeling with CIM in PI AF
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CBM Model-Based Analysis, Notifications and Reporting
LTC energy is measured at
the control cabinet on the
other side of the bank
TRANSFORMER
COOLING
ANALYSIS
DISSOLVED
GAS
ANALYSIS
TRANSFORMER
ANALYSIS
TRANSFORMER
BUSHINGS
ANALYSIS
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ProcessBook – AMI Data (CIM)
24Groupe − Technologie, Hydro-Québec
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The End-to-End Visibility:
“Roll-up” Mechanism: Net KWh Roll-Up• Each trend shown is aggregated load (kWh) up to the next higher trend from an individual
meter, transformer, line segment, breaker, and substation
• If you overlay the Distribution SCADA load (from PI), the difference would be losses or leakage
• The physical model is in PI AF (CIM) allowing the aggregation and roll-up of individual loads
• End to End visibility – Basic PI integrating meter and distribution system(s) operational data
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CIM Adapter and PI AF Deliver Flexibility
• Multiple uses cases can be addressed with one profile.
• Multiple profiles can be supported for use cases that can’t share a profile
• PI AF is flexible to support many models
• A disciplined modeling process with SISCO CIM Adapter brings it all into the PI System
26
Use CaseCIM
Use Case Use Case
Profile Development IEC 61850
Profile 1 Profile 2
SISCO CIM Adapter
Other Models
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CIM Adapter Helps You
Embrace Change
• The model driven process captures change and creates incremental updates
• SISCO CIM Adapter incrementally updates PI AF models.
• The individual hierarchies can be updated and kept synchronized with each other.
2727
Existing AFElements
Change:new, delete, changes
Modeling Tools and Processes
SISCO CIM Adapter
Incremental UpdateIncremental or Partial CIM-XML File orUpdates from ESB
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General CIM Adapter Process
Profiling ProcessAugmentedCIM-XML fileIn RDFS
Import Schema into AF
LocalInformation
Adapter/CIM Exporter
CIM XML
Import InstancesResults in full AF Database
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Some facts about AF hierarchies
• The use of multiple hierarchies really creates the equivalent to a
“mesh” model.
• Most hierarchies are created using parent-child references which
can create maintenance issues.
• Name uniqueness is easier to manage with a mesh model.
• Real world constraints can cause interesting issues.
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In the real world….
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 33
There is no hierarchy in terms of electrical conductance!
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Mesh looks like a hierarchy, but allows multiple “views” of
information
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 34
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Result of
Integration
with PI AF
35
Classes per CIM with Extensions
Substation with calculated differential frequency measurement from synchronizing relay
IEC 61850 Object Name:
AMHERST9_RSYN1$MX$DifHzClc$f
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Result of
Integration
with PI AF
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Angle separation across the Amherst Bowman line is ~8.5°
NorthAMHE400BBOWM8/RSN1$MX$DifAngClc$f
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Adding COMTRADE
Information
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 37
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Use of AF References Enables Synergy
• What if you want to know if a transient disturbance occurred that
affected a transformer?
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 38
Protection anddisturbances addanother dimension
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PI AF with CIM Works Across Applications
• SISCO COMTRADE
Utility brings disturbance
data into the PI System
using PI Event Frames
• CIM and PI AF models
help correlate all the data
in the context needed by
the individual application
needs.
39
AX-S4 61850 File Transfer Client
Fault
COMTRADE
DATA
EVENT
COMTRADE Utility
FRAME
Export
SISCO CIM Adapter
CIMIEC 61850
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Use of References Allow Model/Application Expansion
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 40
Reference
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Referenced PI Event Frames + Coresight =
Visualization
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 41
Drag
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A closer look…
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 42
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Who Needs to be Notified of Event?
• Protection engineers that a new COMTRADE file has been
obtained.
• Asset managers in regards that key assets could have been
impacted.
• Others
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 43
“Easy “ to deliver notification through email. Other notification channelsare possible and programmable.
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PI Notifications Tricks of the Trade:
• In order to cause a trigger, the PI Tag change must go through
the snapshot (current).
• Currently, PI Tag changes can trigger a notification (even if done
through the lens of PI AF).
• PI Event creation and PI AF attribute value (non-PI Tag) change
have both been requested to be added as a trigger.
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 44
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How it Works?
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 45
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Metering and MessagingUsing Models for Integration With Other Systems
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 46
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Models and AF can be central to messaging
© Copyright 2014 SISCO, Inc. 47
From IEC 61968-1
PI AF & History
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Messaging is Centric
• Messaging that comes from other systems can be handled via
various OSIsoft interfaces (e.g. Meter HeadEnds/MDMs) or
custom code.
• What about using PI/PI AF to generate messages?
» Use case: SCADA monitored Feeder Transformer is down due to
protection event. How/what should notify the outage or customer support
systems?
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Relationships Needed For The Use Case (simplified)
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Substations
PowerTransormers
Lines
ServiceLocation
EndDevice (meter)Location
Customer
Status
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Now possible to define a XML message that:
• Conveys the location of the outage (needed for dispatch)
• Customers impacted
• More modeling can allow more information.
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PI AF as a trigger for a message
• PI AF can create events that can be subscribed to (e.g. PI
Analytics)
» Current scalability is being improved
• Give a trigger, an application can generate a XML message
defined by a XSD created via profiling or standard.
• Future versions of PI Analytics should be capable of using .NET
assemblies and PI AF triggers to perform this function.
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A single enterprise level based for PI AF that can be optimized for individual application needs
Flexibility to minimize effort adapting to change
Solution
Summary
Business Challenge
• Taking advantage of
application data models that
meets individual group
needs while supporting
enterprise wide integration
and data sharing that can
be adapted to changes.
• PI AF to organize all PI
System data
• SISCO CIM Adapter to
automate PI AF modeling
• CIM based model driven
process to manage change
CIM is a pre-existing standardized utility oriented data model that provides a platform to build an application data model that addresses enterprise level needs.
IEC 61850 provides a data model that provides context and meaning to telemetry data that can be associated to CIM
PI AF and SISCO CIM Adapter provide an excellent foundation to support effective application of application data models for utilities.
Results and BenefitsResults and BenefitsResults and Benefits
• A single enterprise level
based for PI AF that can be
optimized for individual
application needs
• Flexibility to minimize effort
adapting to change
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© Copyr i gh t 2014 O SIs o f t , LLC .
Herbert Falk
• Solutions Architect
• Systems Integration Specialists Company, Inc.
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