the two-in-one democratic kampuchea glossary · the two-in-one democratic kampuchea glossary ......

DOCUMENTATION CENTER OF CAMBODIA Phnom Penh, Cambodia

THE TWO-IN-ONE

DEMOCRATIC KAMPUCHEA GLOSSARY

Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-1

INTRODUCTION

Since its inception in 1995, the Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) has been collecting documents related to the history of Democratic Kampuchea (1975-1979). To date, the Center has amassed well over 600,000 pages of documentation from this regime, including text books, correspondence, cadre notebooks, diaries, telegrams, committee minutes, reports, and photographs and films. DC-Cam's collection also includes petitions and interview transcripts from the regime's survivors, and a variety of other materials. The language the Khmer Rouge used in their communications—military, educational, propaganda, and civil administration—will likely pose challenges for both interpreters and translators because it varies greatly from standard Khmer.[1] It can be characterized in many instances as:

a.. Idiomatic. The CPK's documents contain many ambiguous terms and phrases that most people (including interpreters and legal practitioners) would find difficult to understand without an historical knowledge of Democratic Kampuchea. Examples include 'carry out shock assaults', 'smash', 'staunch revolutionary stand in terms of a clean morality of living and cleanliness in political terms', and 'consciousness illness'.

b.. Lacking in clear reference: The CPK's documents also employed many political figures of speech that are not intuitively obvious, such as: 'Burn the outside to a crisp, but pull it out while the inside is still raw'; and 'Small-fry eats a little, big-shot eats a lot'. Some are metaphoric, such as 'Angkar [the CPK Central Committee, but commonly understood as the Khmer Rouge] has the eyes of the pineapple' (this phrase implied that Angkar was watching people wherever they were).

c.. Maoist. The leaders of the Democratic Kampuchea adopted an extreme form of Mao's doctrines. They employed such common Communist phrases as 'dialectic materialism', but also added a distinct twist of their own. Some examples include: 'only when the requirements of cleanly sweeping away the concealed enemies boring from within are consistently grasped will it be possible to sweep them out absolutely cleanly and successively'; 'reorient ideological and organizing views and stances in time'; 'the dictatorship of proletariat of the party'; and 'strengthen the stance of absolute and hot class struggle'.

d.. Adjective- and adverb-based. The Khmer Rouge used adjectives and adverbs heavily, and translators will be hard pressed to find their equivalents in English. For example, 'felicitously welcome the second anniversary of national independence: The super-fantastic 17th of April'; 'eliminate absolutely immaculately the ideology of individual and personal


property rights'; 'sweep cleanly away'; and 'let's congratulate super-excellently the glorious Communist Party of Kampuchea'.

e.. Administrative. The CPK organized its administrative system very differently from those used in previous regimes, and its language reflects this. Examples include such administrative terms as 'squad', 'fifty-member unit', 'mobile work brigade', 'Economic Support Unit', 'Hot Group' 'Cool Group' and 'Chewing Group'. The latter three are understood to refer to the CPK units responsible for conducting torture and extracting confessions. Such atypical language has been interpreted and understood differently by Cambodian and international scholars alike. This could pose problems for translators in terms of accuracy and the time needed to produce a correct and nuanced translation. The key to understanding the CPK's use of Khmer lies in understanding Khmer Rouge history, administration, and terminology (an intimate knowledge of Cambodian culture is important, too).

To cope with such challenges, especially as the tribunal for senior Khmer Rouge leaders draw near, DC-Cam's Tribunal Response Team has developed an English language glossary that defines the terms the Khmer Rouge used. In addition, they have developed a transliteration system that encourages consistency in translating the names of people, places, and the like.

The glossary and transliteration systems were developed after careful readings and intensive research on the CPK cadres' diaries, notebooks on political sessions or trainings, and propaganda texts, which have given us insight into the obscure meanings of the language employed by the Khmer Rouge. Finally, our experience in interviewing former lower-level CPK cadres has added greatly to our understanding of the unique terms found in a variety of CPK documents.

Before the tribunal begins, it is important that the tribunal's translators and investigation teams understand the meanings of the terms found in CPK documents. This will require that they first study the historical context of the regime, which will give them a better background in understanding how the Khmer Rouge employed their unique language. Otherwise, many important points of evidence could be missed.

Bunsou Sour, The ECCC Response Team

Documentation Center of Cambodia

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[1] "Khmer Rouge" is a term coined by King Sihanouk to refer to Cambodian leftists. It has come to be associated with the Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK).

SORTED BY KHMER ALPHABETICAL ORDER

k

kg Unit

kgvresnatUc Battalion

kgvresnaFM Regiment

kgBltUc Brigade

kgBlFM Division

kgGnuesnatUc Platoon

kgGnuesnaFM Company

kgT½BmanPkþIPaBcMeBaHsIhnu Sihanoukist National Army (ANS)

kgkmøaMgRbdab;GavuFbkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Communist Party of Kampuchea’s Armed Forces

kgesdækic© Economic Support Unit

kgeyaFa Military Unit

kgQøb/ kgsV½yRtaN Militiaman

kgkarBar Defense/guard unit

kgha Fifty-member Unit

kgry Hundred-member Unit

kgQanmux Pioneer/Pioneer elements

kgsnþisux Security Unit


ksagxøÜn Refashion / Refresh / Build up oneself

kmµpl Karmic result

kmµaPi)altMbn; Regional Cadre

kat;k,al Decapitate/Behead

karBüÜresr:Um Intravenous injection

karsb,ayeday)aneFVI)abGñkdéT Sadism

karsgswknwgminGaceFIVeGaybBaðamYy

cb;enaHeT

Revenge will not bring an end to a problem

ksagkmøaMg Expand/build up forces

ksageKalCMhrsmµaCIvUbnIykmµ Build up the standpoint of comradeship

kMBg;TUk/ Ep ¬]³ EpsmuRT¦ Wharf (Ex: sea wharf)

kuMyktRmab;tamKña Do not follow in someone’s footsteps/stereotype one another

kmøaMgRsÜc Vanguard force

kmøaMgsñÚl Core forces

kargarksagkmµaPi)al Cadre-building work

kaMbitesñót Dagger

keNþóv sickle

karRbqaMgnwgGñkFøab;CYyKaMRT Counter-sponsor/former supporter

karrlUtkUn Miscarriage

karykeBaHevotecj Disembowel

karpþnÞaeTaskRmitx<s;bMput Highest level of punitive sanction

karXuMXaMg Detention, incarceration

karRbRBwtþminKb,I karRbRBwtþxilxUc Perversity

karlYcykkarN_ Eavesdropping

kan; b¤ Bak;pøak{bdivtþn_} Carry the signboard "Revolution"


karelIkdI Earthwork

karelgesIcCamYymitþPkþi Friendly rough-housing/play

kars¥b;CnbreTs Xenophobia

kgrgsøÚt Gentle subunit

kgrgkac¬sYrcemøIy¦ Cruel subunit

karsgswkRCúlhYsehtu Disproportionate revenge

kgRtCak; Cool Unit

kgekþA Hot Unit

kgLanTwk Fire Brigade / Fire Truck Unit

kargarBlkmµeFVIedaybgçM Forced labor

RkecA Jute

Rkúm Gang /group/unit

RkúmGegáóm¬sYrcemøIy¦ Chewing Unit

RkúmRbvHéd¬samKÁI¦ (Solidarity) Mutual Aid Group

kEnøg]RkidækmµRbl½yBUCsasn_ Genocide Site

kþab;neya)ayRKb;RsTab;TUTaMgRbeTs Grasp hold of the political layers throughout the country

kat;sréseCIg Hamstring

karsagsg;RbB½n§eRsacRsB Irrigation construction

k,alm:asuIndwknaM Party's leading apparatus/mechanism

k,alyYnxøÜnExµr Khmer body with Vietnamese head

ksikrkNþalfñak;eRkam Lower middle-class farmer

ksikrfñak;kNþal Middle-class farmer

ksikrfñak;elI Upper class farmer

ksikrkNþalfñak;elI Upper middle-class farmer

ksikrfñak;eRkam Lower class farmer


ksikrRk Poor farmer

kudielak Monastery

kgcl½t Mobile Work Brigade

karRKb;RKgPUmiPaK|san Northeast Administration

ktþastüanum½ti Objective factors

kRmitneya)ayrbs;mhaCn Political level of the masses

kmµsiT§iniym Private Ownership

kareXasna Propaganda

kemÞcecal[sUnü Raze

kemÞcecal[exÞcm:dþsøúg Smash something to smithereens

kemÞc[eTACaepH Reduce to ashes

kEnøgksagxøÜn Reeducation camp

kayvikarRceggRcgag Wild gesture

kareFVImatuPUminivtþ Repatriation

kb,kmµ Riot

kMhwgbdivtþn_ Revolutionary wrath

EkTRmg; Revamp/reform

karyl;dwgBIbBaðaépÞkñúgbkS Knowledge about Sensitive infra-party issue

karbMEbk Segregation

karvayRbyuT§edayGavuFFunRsal Small arms fire/attack

kUdkmµ Strike

ktþaGtþenamti Subjective factors

km<úCaeRkam Lower Khmer/Khmer Krom

kmµaPi)alfñak;eRkam Subordinate/Lower rank cadre

karputBUC Race extinction


karKabsgát; Suppression

kargarsñÚl Tasks of the core units

kmøaMgeBjBlkmµmYYymuWnnak; Ten thousand strong labor force

kare)assm¥atb¤visuT§kmµelIkTIbI Third wave of purges

karRbúgRby½tñ Vigilance

karerobcMkmøaMgBlkmµ Work force organization

Rkúmkargar Work team

kmµkr-ksikr Worker and peasant

kmµviFIkargar Working agenda

kardæankargar Work site

kumarQanmux Young pioneers/boy or girl scout

karts‘UvNÑ³ Class struggle

kMhwgvNÑ³ Class wrath

karviPaKvNÑ³ Class analysis

ekaslüvic½y Forensic examination

karsmøab;bMputBUC Extermination

x

xilxUc¬cg;EtrYmePT¦ Lascivious

xøwmsar Content/essence

ExµrRkhm

CaBakürbs;)araMgEdlRtÚv)aneRbICaelIk

TImYyedayRBH)aTneratþmsIhnuenABak;

kNþalTsvtSqñaM60edIm,IniyaysMedA

eTAelICnkumµúynIsþExµrnigsmaCikénGgÁkar

ExµreqVgniym. BaküenHRtÚv)anyl;

Khmer Rouge A French word for Khmer Kraham or “Red Khmers,” first used by Prince Norodom Sihanouk in the mid-1960s to refer to Khmer Communists and members of other Khmer left-wing organizations. The term is understood differently depending on time period and historical view. The Documentation Center of Cambodia refers to the Khmer Rouge as those who worked to form and/or lead Democratic Kampuchea.


eXIjepSg²KñaeTAtamTsSn³Rbvtþi

sa®sþnigeBlevla.mCÄmNÐlÉksar

km<úCa)anniyaysMedAeTArkExµrRkhmfa

CaGñkEdlbegáIt nig/b¤GñkdwknaMkm<úCa

RbCaFibetyü.cMeBaHTsSn³epSgeTot

GMBIExµrRkhmsUmemIlTsSnavdþIEsVgrk

karBitelx6ExmifunaqñaM2000rbs;mCÄ

mNÐlÉksarkm<úCa.

For different views on the Khmer Rouge, see the DC-Cam publication Searching for the truth, No.6, June 2000.

ExSbICaExSEtmYy Three-in-one traitorous network

ExSmhak,t;Catid¾FM Major historical traitors to the nation

ExSk,t; Strings of traitors

ExSem Leadership link

ExSRbyuT§ Combat line

xUcnwgRKÜsareK Having sex with someone else’s spouse/adultery

kMhussIlFm’ Moral offenses/sexual offenses

ExSbNþajb¤ExSry³ Networks

xµaMgyYnelbTwkdI Territory-swallowing Yuon enemy

xµaMgbgáb;suIrUgépÞkñúg Hidden enemy burrowing from inside/Undercover enemy burrowing from within

xül;Kr Syncope

ExµrelI Upper Khmer, Khmer Leu

ExSry³sRtÚvb¤bNþajsRtÚv Enemy network/Enemy chain

K

KN³shkrN_ Cooperative chief/committee

KN³XuM Khum Chief/ Subdistrict Chief/Committee


KMrU Model

KN³cat;taMg Nomination/ Assignment Committee

KN³rdæm®nþIfµI New cabinet

KN³kmµaFikarRbFanEpñkneya)ay nig

Rbtibtþi Political and section of the presidium/politburo

mnÞIrRBhµTNÐ/KN³RKb;RKgkardæanshkN_

¬enAGtItshPaBsaFarNrdæsgÁmniym

sUevot¦

Gulag [R., acronym for glavnoe upravlenie lagery, Chief Administration of Collective Labor Camps.] The Soviet penal system and its administration.

KN³Rsuk Srok Chief/ District Chief/Committee

KN³Gcié®nþy_ Standing Committee/Permanent Committee

KN³BaNiC¢kmµrdæ State/Public Commercial Committee

KN³tMbn; Chief of a region/Regional Committee

KN³kgBl¬FM¦mCÄim Central Committee Division

KhbtI Bourgeois

RKÜsarniym Family-ism

eRKÓg\sSriyys Decorations/ Medals

eKalCMhrXøIgeXøag Volatile standpoint

eKarBTg;Cati Pledge allegiance to a flag

KN³mCÄim Central Committee

X

XøaMgRKab; Arsenal

XøaMgsmÖar Equipment warehouse

eXasna Propagandize

XuMXaMg Incarcerate/detain

XuM Subdistrict


c

ectiy Stupa

clnakumµúynisþkm<úCa Kampuchean Communist Movement

clnasmøab;bM)at;RbCaCnBBYkNamYy Pogrom

ciBa©wmkarsm¶at; Nourish secret work

caj;e)akkarlYgelam To be fooled by persuasion

cat;taMg Assign, nominate, appoint

cuHeTAvaysRmúkbgábgáInpl Go down into the fray to do productive labor/ to vehemently cultivate crops

ecaréRB Bandit

cUlCabkSCn Become a member of the party

cUlbkS Join the party

cUlbdivtþn_ Enter the revolution

cUlbdivtþn_Bak;kNþallHbg; Join the revolution without full devotion

ecarsmuRT Pirate

Rc)ac;k Strangle

cecsrwgrUsminRBmEkERb Remain intractable and resist improvement

clnapþac;xøÜn Secession movement

cRkBtþiniym Imperialism

cRmÚg Spike/ Stake

ceg¥ótcg¥l; Unsympathetic

q

qµk; Ambush

C

CMgWRbkaMg Migraine


CMgWRbRKiv Gout

CMgWruaMér: Chronic disease

CMgWRtGk Eczema

CMgWs<wk Beriberi

CMgWRKúnjak; Fever

CMgWrlakTgsYt Bronchitis

CMgWehImRKelonb¤kUnkNþúr Bubo (open sore as a result of the plague)

CMgWxan;søak; Diphtheria

CMgWBkk Goiter

CMgWk¥kman; Whooping cough

CMgWFøak;Qam Hemorrhage

CMgWFøak;s Viginal discharge

CMgWkøn Hernia

CMgWrlakRkBH Gestitis

CMgWenamTas; Anuria (urinary failure)

CMgWrlakbMBg;k Tonsillitis

CMgWERsg Ringworm

CMgWsnøak;édeCIg Rheumatism

CMgWk®Ba¢wl Measles

CMgWxan;elOg Jaundice

CMgWedkminlk; Insomnia

CMgWRKúnpþasayFM Influenza

CMgWdac;srésQamkñúgxYrk,al Stroke

CMgWexSayebHdUg Heart attack

CMgWTwkenamEp¥m Diabetes


CMgWerIm Shingles/Herpes

CMgWraKrUs Diarrhea

CMgWsøab;Gv³yv³ Palsy

CMgWb£sdUg)at Hemorrhoids

CMgWRbemH Gonorrhea

CMgWTl;lamk Constipation

CMgWraKmYl Dysentery

CMgWhWt Asthma

RCmuCTwk[fb;degðIm Immerse

CyPNÐ Loot/ spoils of war

CIkesµARtÚvCIkTaMgb£s To dig up grass, one must dig up the roots

eCIgfµI¬KµanbTBiesaFn_¦ Tenderfoot/novice

eCIgcas; Old-timer/veteran

CMhrrwgbuwgxagsIlFm’rs;enAs¥ats¥M nig

s¥ats¥Mxagneya)ay Staunch revolutionary stand in terms of a clean morality of living and cleanliness in political term

CMhrbdivtþn_rwgbuwgxagvNÑ³PaB Staunch Revolutionary Stand in Terms of Class/background

CIvTsSn³bdivtþn_ Revolutionary outlook on life

CYy[GñkNamñak;putBIesckþIsøab; Snatch sb from the jaws of death

CnrYmCati Compatriot

CMgWstiGarmµN_ Consciousness illness

eCOlg;eTAelIGVImYyb¤GñkNamñak; Fall in with sth/sb

CBa¢aMgmanRtecok Wall with ears

CnvatTIniym Expansionist

CBa¢k;ykplRbeyaCn_b¤ekgRbv½Ba© Exploit

CemøaHRbdab;GavuF Armed conflict


CRmúHecalstiGarmµN_xµaMg Get rid of the enemy’s consciousness

CMhr´eK Stance of lackeydom

CMhrÉkraCüm©as;karnigRKb;RKgelIvasna

RbeTsCatiedayxøÜnÉg Stance of mastery, self-reliance and managing the destiny of one's country

CMhrÉkraCü Stance of independence

CRmúHecalCMhrminbdivtþn_ Get rid of non-revolutionary behavior

CRgúk Granary

CncRkBtþi b¤BYkcRkBtþi Imperialist

CnbHe)ar Insurgent

CneqVgniym Leftist

CnGBüaRkwt Neutralist

CMenOrbs;BYkRbtikiriya Reactionary faith

eRCIserIsT½B Recruit soldier

CMrM Sanctuary

CIvTsSn_ Self-criticism

RClk;exaGavnwgmak;ekøÓb¤BN’exµA Dye clothes

C½yCmñH Triumph

CnCatiPaKticenAtMbn;x<g;rab Upland minorities

Q

QamsgedayQam Blood avenges blood

QrelICMhrdac;xatkñúgkare)assm¥at

smasPaBRbqaMgnwgbdivtþn_ Have an absolute standpoint about purging counter-revolutionary elements

QøbykkarN_ Reconnoiter/spy

QµÜjkNþal Middle man/ Broker

QWcab;cMeBaHxµaMg Be seized with anger against the enemy


eQøIyswk Prisoner of war

d

dMNak;kalfµIénbdivtþn_sgÁmniym New phase of socialist revolution

EdlKYr[s¥b; Despicable/contemptible

Edlmanneya)ays¥ats¥M Politically clean

dIGacdaMdMNaM)anBIrRbePT Two-crop land

dkhUtGavuF Disarmed

edIrehIresrI Move freely

edImmn Mulberry

dac;xat Absolute

dwgxøÜnvij¬eRkayBIsnøb;¦ Come to

dut[exøacerac[eqA Burn the outside to a crisp, but pull it out while the inside is still raw/to sidetrack/to detract

dak;GnÞak; Lure

EdkRsÜy Pig iron

Edlsahav¬edaysarkarGs;sgÇwm¦ Desperate

edaHRsayTMnas; Resolve contradiction

z

zananuRkm Hierarchy

t

tulakarRbCaCnbdivtþn_ People's Revolutionary Tribunal (PRT)

tUcsuIedaytUc FMsuIedayFM Small-fry eats a little, big-shot eats a lot

RtÜtRtaniym Control-ism

tMbn;BYkk,alrwg Hard line area


tamdanRbvtþirUb Follow-up biography

tamdanb¤tamXøaMemIl Keep track of / To trace/keep tabs on

tMNagra®sþninñakarRkhm People representative of a communist tendency

tMbn;niym Regional importance/regionalism

tMbn;RTnab; Buffer Zone

tamkemÞc Search and destroy

ts‘Unwgkargar Struggle in work/work hard

ts‘UluHdl;degðImcugeRkay Struggle to the death / struggle until the last minute

tMbn;EdlTTYlrgkarvayRbhar Affected area

tMbn;Rbtibtþikarswkrg War operation sub-region

TmiL Tamil

TmiL\tsasna Athostic Tamil

dMEb b¤emdMEb Yeast

f

fñaMedklk; Sleeping pill

fñaMbBa©úH Laxative

fñaMseRmIb Aphrodisiac

fñaMbnSab Antidote

fñaMsnøb; Anesthetic

fñaMGacm_TnSay Rabbit-dropping medicine

T

kgT½BRsYcRbqaMgnwgevotNam Anti Vietnamese Front

TmiL Non-believer/aetheist

T½BsñÚlrbs;bkS Core party troop


TistRmg;kargar Direction to rectify work / direction of work rectification

TaMghVÚg² En masse

T®nÞan Encroach on

T½BesrIka Free Khmer Forces

T½BéRB Guerrilla

T½BefµIeCIg Infantry

TisedABlkmµ Labor target

TsSn³neya)ay Political view

TItaMgkb;saksB Grave site

Tisvivtþn_ The direction of evolution

TMnas; Contradiction

TMnas;bdibkç Antagonistic contradiction

TMnas;søab;rs; Life-and-death contradiction

TaruNkmµ Torment / Torture

TaruNkmµcgeCIgBüÜreLIgelIk,alcuHeRkam Hanging upside down

TaruNkmµeFVI[fb;degðImedayfg;)øasÞik Suffocation with plastic bag

TaruNkmµbnþk;TwkelIf¶as Drops of water onto forehead

TaruNkmµdkRkckéd Having fingernails pulled out

TaruNkmµykm¢úlcak;sac; Being jabbed with a needle

TaruNkmµsMBHrUbstVEqá Paying homage to image(s) of dogs

TaruNkmµdutePøIg)arI Cigarette burns

TaruNkmµbgçM[suIGacm_ Forced to eat excrement

TaruNkmµbgçM[pwkTwkenam Forced to drink urine

LandwkTwk Water tank/truck


F

FUrlugkñúgkareFVIGVImYy Lax in doing something

Fmµvin½yfñak;RtI 3rd class dharma discipline

eFVIneya)ay Do politics

eFVICaKMrUl¥dl;GñkNamñak; Act as a good model for someone

eFVI[sUnüb¤smøab;bMputBUC Exterminate

eFVIBut Feign / pretend

eFVIButQW¬x¢ileFVIkargar¦ Malinger

eFVIkuM[eXIjdan Obliterate

eFVI[Tas;citþ Offend

Fatuksikr Peasant element/nature

FmµyaRta Pilgrimage

FatuQanmux Pioneer nature / Pioneer elements

FatuGFn Proletarian nature / proletarian element

eFVImatuPUminivtþn_ Repatriate

n

neya)aytwgrwgeXareXA Draconian policy

n½yGnuvtþCak;EsþgxagRbúgRby½tñbdivtþn_KW

kþab;GgÁPaBeyIg[Cab; Concretely operationalizing revolutionary vigilance means having a firm grip on our units of organization.

neya)aycat;taMg Assignment policy

nayTun Capitalist

naykg Chief of a unit

nayxuTÞkal½y Chief of the cabinet

nayRkúmcat;taMgeRkARbeTs Chief of the foreign affairs service


nireTsCnb¤GñkCemøós Deportee

niyaybeBaäóg Mince

nayTIcat;karbreTsrg Deputy chief of the foreign affairs directorate

neya)aydac;xatniymb¤RCúlniym Extremist policy

niyayLb;ELbEgVgdanmþgenHmþgenaH Evade up and down

nayTahanrg Non-commissioned officer/Military deputy

nayrg Foreman / deputy

nayTahan Military officer / Commander

neya)aypþac;mux Political monopoly/monopolized policy/politics

nayTahankñúgskmµPaB Officer on active duty

nayeTa Corporal

naytRmÜt Police officer / Guard

namuWnniym Rankism

narIeBTü Female medic / Female medical worker

ninñakarRkhm Red tendency / red trend / communist inclination

TahanbRmug Reserve officer

niyaybgáTMnas; Speak to stir up contradictions

ninñakarGb;rMCaExSsgVak; Systematic education plan

naMpøÚv Take the lead

namEkøgkøayb¤rhsSnam Pseudonym

ninñakar Tendency

b

)aj;rH¬BIelIynþehaH¦ Strafe

bg¥ak; b¤raraMg Stymie/obstruct


bkSBlkrevotNam Vietnamese Worker Party (VWP)

bkSkumµnisþ\NÐÚcin Indochina Communist Party (ICP)

bkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK)

bkSkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü Party of Democratic Kampuchea (PDK)

bkSRbCaCnbdivtþkm<úCa Khmer/Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party

)at;bg;smaCik2-3rynak;minesµInwg

)at;bg;kmµaPi)aldwknaM2-3nak;pg

There can be no comparison between losing two or three leading cadre and 200-300 members. Rather the latter than the former.

bMpus Agitate / Stir up

briFan b¤]bkrN_ Apparatus

bnÞayTahan Barracks

bgfñak;elI b¤bgFM Upper brothers

bYsCasameN Become a novice monk

bBa¢IEs,kexµA Blackboard of honor

bisacCBa¢k;Qam Blood sucker

bkçCneRtóm Candidate party member(s)

bgb¥Únksikr-kmµkr Brother/Sister peasant-worker

bTQb;)aj; Cease fire

RbmUlekoreTATaMghVÚg² Herd

bNþajk,t; b¤ExSsgVak;k,t; Chain of bad elements / traitorous network

RbFanRsuk b¤KN³Rsuk Chief of a district

RbCuMsmUhPaB Communal / collective meeting

bNþajGnuelxabnþbnÞab;CaeRcInnak; Consecutive deputy secretaries

braC½yniym Defeatism

RbCaPifuti Demagogy

RbCaFibetyüRbmUlpþMú Democratic centralism


RbCuMriHKn;Tieton Denunciation

bdic©smub,aT• Dialectical materialism

bgÁI Earth moving bucket

bUBa’ East

ebskCn Emissaries / envoys

bþÚpþac;søab;rs;CamYynwgRbCaCnRkIRk Absolutely determined to be with the poor in life and death

bMpusbMpulmhaCn Encourage the involvement of the masses

bBa¢IeQµaHEdlRtÚvsmøab; Execution list

RbB½n§skþiPUmi Feudal system

bkçCneBjsiT§i Full rights party member(s)

bkçCndac;xat Hard core party member

bMNulmenaKmviC¢a Ideological debt

bBa¢aesñIsuM Indenture

RbB½n§d¾saMjaúM Intricate System / Complicated System

RbCuMCRmHkþI Justice meeting

bkSBlkr Labor party

brivar b¤´kBa¢Hdac;éfø Lackey

bENþtbeNþayniym Lax-ism

RbCuMCIvPaB Lifestyle meeting / Livelihood meeting

bUCnIydæan Memorial site

bdivtþn_RbCaCatiRbCaFibetyü National Democratic Revolution

bBaðasB¢aati Nationalities issues

bTdæan Norm

bkçBYk Partisan / clique

bkçCn Party member(s)


bdivtþn_vNÑ³ksikr Peasant revolution

bnSúT§kmµ Purification

bukeBat Pound corn

bkçBYkniym Privatism

briFanvisuT§kmµ Purge apparatus

Rbtikiriya Reactionary

bBaØvnþRkhm b¤bBaØvnþkumµúynisþ Red intellectual / Communist intellectual

bHe)ar Revolt

bMEbk Segregate

bBa¢ÚneTAfñak;elI Send up to the higher level / send to be observed by the higher rank

bMBak;bMb:nsµartI Spiritual indoctrination

bBa©ÚlbkS Sponsor/bring someone to join the party

RbFanRkúm Team chief

bgáb;épÞkñúg Underground

bEg¥mC½yCmñH Sweet victory

bs©im West

)atukmµ Demonstration

e)assm¥at Sweep up/Sweep cleanly away

)aj;epøag Shell

p

pþac;karvNÑ³ Class dictatorship

pSwkRBHsgÇ Disrobe / Force to leave the monkshood / Defrock Buddhist monks

B

BaküeRbIsRmab;sRmaln½yEdlminKYrsm Euphemism


BRgwgCMhrkMhwgvNÑ³dac;xatnigekþAKKuk Strengthen the stance of absolute and hot class struggle

BRgayT½B Deploy troops

eBCÄXat Executioner

BinitüsaksB Exhume

BUCsasn_)at;bg; Fallen race

eBjsiT§i Full rights

BnøWbdivtþn_RbimRbiy Glorious light of revolution

BYkk,alrwg Hard-liner

BiFIbBa©ÚlbkS Initiation ceremony for new party member

BYksñÚlExµrRkhm Khmer Rouge cored men/ Khmer Rouge spy

BYkeFVIButx¢ileFVIkar Malingerer

Bl)aleTa Master sergeant

eBTüTahan Medic

eBTü17emsa 17 April Hospital

eBTü Medical staff/medical practitioner

BlÉk Private

BlTahansamBaØa Rank and file soldier

BYkesIerI Revisionist

Bl)al Sergeant

Bl)alRtI Sergeant or second class sergeant

RBlwmrs;)anmYyyb;RBlb;rs;)anmYyéf¶ By dawn I have survived for a night; by sunset I have survived for a day

Bl)alÉk b¤RBwnÞ)alÉk Sergeant-major

P

PaBqab;eCO Gullibility


PaBKµanemtþa b¤GarmµN_ Callousness

ePT ¬ehtuePT¦ Likeliness

P½sþúPar Logistics

m

minGacEkERbekIt ¬EkElgeLIg¦ Irredeemable

embBa¢karkgvresnatUc Battalion commander

mCÄimbkS Central party

mUlFnkuMR)ad½r Comprador Capitalist

mnsikar Conscience

mUlbgáac; Contort

mNÐl]Rkidækmµ Crime site

mnÞIryuT§CnBikar Department of disabled soldiers

mnÞIr Department / Office

mitþrYmGavuF Comrades-in-arms

embBa¢karkgBl¬FM¦ Division commander

manbBaðaBak;B½n§sIlFm’ Be mixed up in problems of morality

mins¥ats¥M Sloppy

muxmat;niym Dogmatism

mnusSEdlTTYlfµ)ak;/sVasuI)ayrYclab

mat;BEB

Scapegoat

mnusSsßitenAeRkamGNaBüa)alnigbBa¢arbs;eK Protégé

mnusSkEgáb Frog-man

mhaelatepøaH Great Leap Forward

minsUvRbwg b¤x¢ileFVIkar Slack off/Slack up

minTan;eBjsiT§i Half full/candidate reserved


mankMhwgQWcab;y:agxøaMgcMeBaHGñkmannig

GñkTIRkug Have a great deal of anger toward the rich and urban dwellers

man)atuPaBbMpusfamanxøa Somebody was whipping up the fear/spreading that there are tigers

manFatucat;taMgx<s;bMput Have the nature of the highest organization

maKa’m:akS-elnIn Marx-Leninist line

maKa’neya)ayRtwmRtUv Right political line

mtiksagBIsmUhPaB Lessons learned from the commune/collective

maKa’ Line

maKa’bdivtþn_d¾PøWsVag Line of bright revolution

maKa’mhaCn Mass line

mNÐldusxat;sµartI Nerve center

maKa’rbs;bkS Party line

maKa’dwknaMRtwmRtÚv Perfect leadership line

maKa’GgÁkar Organization line

maKa’neya)ay Political line

mNÐlksagxøÜn Purge/Re-education Center

mUlvivdþi Radical

maKa’yuT§sa®sþsgÁm Social strategic line

muxRBÜj Spearhead

maKa’yuT§sa®sþ Strategic line

mNÐlRbtibtþikarswkrg Sub-military Operation Center

mhaelatepøaH mhaGs©arü Super Great Leap Forward

muxRBÜj Spearhead/target

muxsBaØa Target

mins¥ats¥M Unclean


emXatkr Chief killer

emedaH Wet nurse

emaTnPaBniym Vanity

y

yuT§samKÁIPaB Militant Solidarity

ynþyuT§ Military engine

yuvCnExµrkat;cin Sino-Khmer youth

ykkarN_ Spy out a secret

yuvnarI b¤narIkgcl½t Young women in a mobile work brigade

r

rdæaPi)albdivtþbeNþaHGasnñevotNamxagt,Úg Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam

rdæaPi)alcRmúHkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK)

raCrdæaPi)alrYbrYmCatikm<úCa Royal Government of National Union of Cambodia (RGNUC)

rNsirSrYbrYmCatiExµr\sSr³ United Issarak (Freedom) Front (UIF)

rNsirSrYbrYmCatikm<úCa National United Front of Kampuchea (NUFK)

rNsirSrMedaHRbCaBlrdæExµr Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF)

rNsirSsamKÁIse®gÁaHCatikm<úCa United Front for the National Salvation of Kampuchea (UFNSK)

rt;ecalkarRbyuT§ Shirk combat

erag)ayrYm Communal eating hall

erag)ay Dining hall, Communal dining hall

raMgrdUv Fail to menstruate

raraMg Prevent

eraKqáÜt ¬RCúlhYsehtu/ Kµanehtupl¦ Paranoia


eraKs<wk Gaseous illness

raMgsÞHkarpSBVpSayvb,Fm’tamrlkFatuGakas Jam the cultural airwaves

eronsURtbec©keTsviTüasa®sþ Learn scientific and technical lessons

reNþAsaksBVrYm Mass grave

rdUv®sþI Menstruate

eronsURtneya)ay Political learning

rUbftRtwmk Mug

rUbftEdlfteday\t)anerobcMxøÜn Snapshot

raykarN_ Report

eronsURtviC¢abdivtþn_ Study revolutionary concepts

l

lt;dMksagxøÜn Temper and build oneself

lbcUlkñúgPUmilYcmðÚbGahar Sneak into a village to steal food

lb;bM)at;kmµsiT§iÉkCn Abolish private ownership

lagkEm¥lcas; b¤ dusxat;sµartI Brainwashing

lT§plénGMeBIRbl½yBUCsasn_ Genocidal outcome

lixitecaTRbkan; Indict script/ indictment

elxaeyaFa Military secretary

l,at Patrol

elxaKN³kgBlmCÄim Secretary of Central Committee Division

elIkkm<s;KuNPaBdwknaMEfmeTot Further raise the leadership quality

elIkkm<s;sµartIRbúgRby½tñbdivtþn_ Heighten the spirit of revolutionary vigilance

lHbg;GVI²RKb;Ebby:ageday\tlkçxNÐ Unconditionally make every kind of sacrifice

El,gsUnü Zero-sum game

v


vresnIy_Ék b¤s½kþi5 Colonel

vatTIniym Expansionism

vNÑ³PaB Class status

vNÑ³skþiPUmi Feudal class/ Feudal system

vrCn Hero/ Elite

visuT§kmµkñúgbkS Infra-party purge

vis½yneya)ayépÞkñúg Internal political field

vin½ytwgruwg Iron discipline

vays®gÁb; Pounce upon

valBiXat Killing fields

vaysRmúkseRmc[)an3etannig6etan

kñúg1hikta

Carry out a shock assault resolutely to make the 3 ton and 6 ton breakthrough

vresnIy_eTa b¤s½kþi4knøH Lieutenant Colonel

vresnIy_RtI b¤s½kþi4 Major

evn)ay Meal shifts

vKÁsikSaneya)ay Political education session

vNÑ³GFn Proletarian

vieyaKkmµKµanPaBCak;lak; Quasi-segregationist

vayqµk; b¤qµk;cUlluk Raid/ ambush

vHeBaH Slice open someone's stomach

vaysRmúkeFVIERs Storm attack to farm paddy ( Farm intensively )

evnyam10éf¶ Ten-day guard shifts

s

sBaØab½Rtfñak;Ék 1st class certificate/ diploma

sBaØab½Rtfñak;eTa 2nd class certificate/ diploma


sBaØab½Rtfñak;RtI 3rd class certificate/ diploma

sBaØab½RtFmµvin½yfñak;RtI 3rd class dharma discipline certificate/diploma

smøab;edaybiTbMBg;dkdegðIm Suffocate

smøab;edayqk;ExSePøIg Electrocute

s®gÁamRbCaCn People's War

smaCikbegÁal Backbone member

s½kþi3 b¤GnuesnIy_Ék Captain

saFarNrdæRbCamanitkm<úCa People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK)

esnabtI Chief of the army/ Supreme commander of the army

smUhPavUbnIykmµ Collectivization

s½kþi5 b¤vresnIy_Ék Colonel

sgswk Seek vengeance

s®gÁamcitþsa®sþ Psywar/War of nerves

es>GuI>Ga Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

esnaCn Militiamen

smUhPaB Communal/ Collective

smaKm Community/association

sPatMNagRbCaCn People's Representative Assembly

smasPaB Composition/ Component

smmitþelxa Comrade Secretary

shkrN_ Cooperative

shB½n§\NÐÚcin Indochina Federation

smaCiksñÚl Core member

skmµPaBRbqaMgbdivtþn_ Counter-revolutionary activity

salaRsúk District office


salaGb;rM Education hall

sµartIsnSMsMécrbs;vNÑ³ksikr Economical spirit of the peasant

skþiPUminiym Feudalism

s½kþi2 b¤GnuesnIy_eTa First Lieutenant

esrIniym Freedomism/liberalism

smrPUmimux Front line/battlefield

suImYyEq¥ttamcitþcg; Eat to one's heart content

sIlFm’rs;enAs¥ats¥M Good moral lifestyle

sRtÚvsYrBUC Hereditary enemy

shkrN_fñak;elI High-level cooperative

s½kþiFr High official

sRtÚvRbvtþisa®sþ Historic enemy

stiGarmµN_sYntY Individual consciousness

sRmÜcKMnitGFn[mutRsÜcbMput Sharpen the ideology of the proletariat so that it is most cutting and powerful

smaKmnisiStExµr Khmer Student Association

smøab;bMputBUC Cut off entire familial line/exterminate

smøab;minerIsmux Kill someone without discrimination

®sþICnCatikULa Kola woman

sRtÚvsuIsac;hutQam Flesh-and-blood opponent

sRtÚvsøab;rs; Life and death enemy

RsUvF¶n; Slow ripening rice/long-term rice

sresrerobrab;skmµPaBk,t;CaExSsgVak;

BIedImrhUtdl;cb; Write a systematic account of someone's treasonous activities from beginning to end.

Rslaj;smUhPaB Love the collective

shkrN_fñak;eRkam Low-level cooperative


s½kþi4 b¤vresnIy_RtI Major

s½kþi4knøH b¤vresnIy_eTa Lieutenant colonel

smøab;rgÁal Massacre

snþikarmÖ Mature in consciousness

stiGarmµN_snþiniym Middle-of-the road consciousness

shkrN_KMrU Model cooperative

RsukKMrU Model district

smasPaBminbdivtþ Non-revolutionary component/ element/ non-revolutionary background

snøb;)at;sµartI Pass out

snþiPaBniym Pacifism

smaCikeRtomcUlbkS Party candidate

sNþab;Fñab;sgÁm Social Order

snþism<½n§ Peace alliance

snþiPavUbnIykmµ Peacization/pacifization

sñgkardæan Police station/ Police commissioner’s office

sñgkar Police superintendent/ commissioner

EsñgeRbIs Deer antler

sñÚkGeNþIk Turtoise shell

mnusSsøab;mYycMehogxøÜn A man paralysed on one side

salaextþ Provincial office

RsUvRsal Quick ripening rice/ short-term rice

stiGarmµN_bdivtþ Revolutionary consciousness

sµartIts‘Ubdivtþn_ Revolutionary resistance consciousness

sþaMniym Rightist

Es,keCIgkg;Lan Rubber-sole sandal/car-tyre sandal


snþi)al Santebal (The CPK state security organization)

sRmitsRmaMgT½B Screen army/ Single out army

s½kþi2 b¤GnuesnIy_eTa First lieutenant

sV½ym©as;kar b¤sV½yRbtibtþi Self-mastery/implementation

s½kþiR)ak; Silver bands

sÞÚgkñúgbdivtþn_RbCaCatiRbCaFibetyü

eTAmux sÞÚgkñúgbdivtþn_sgÁmniymeTA

eRkay. munhUbGgáretA \LÚvhUbGgár

kMb:ug.

When we transplanted (paddy) during the national democratic revolution there was progress, but when we transplant in the socialist revolution, we retrogress. Before we ate rice by the bushel, now we eat rice by the can.

sÞÚgRsUvbt;Kl; Transplant the rice with its root sticking up in the air

søab;munGayu Die untimely

sgÁmkic© Social affairs

samKÁIPaB Solidarity

samKÁICati National solidarity

esnaFikar Staff ( e.g., Eastern Zone Staff )

sþalInniym Stalinism

smrPUmieRkay Supporting base/ home front/ rear

shCIB Trade union

shkrN_PUmi Village cooperative

s½kþi1 b¤GnuesnIy_RtI Second lieutenant

RsUvRbedjTwk Water chasing rice/Floating rice

suqnÞ³ Willingness/good will

sm<½n§yuvCn Youth League

ERskyMTaMgkþIQWcab; Cry in pain

sm<½n§yuvkkb¤sm<½n§yuvCnkumµúynisþkm<úCa Yuvakak League/Kampuchean Communist Youth League


h

hUb)ayrYm Collective eating

L

LandwkTwk Water tank

G

GñkTTYlsÁal; Acknowledger

GgÁkar

CaGgÁkardwknaM. dUcEdl)anBnül;eday

ExµrRkhm {karENnaMsþIBIkareRbIR)as;

BaküGgÁkarnigbkS}Edlecjeday

KN³kmµaFikar870EdlCaKN³kmµaFikar

mCÄwmbkScuHéf¶TI 11 Exkkáda 1977

EdlcuHhtßelxaedayexov ¬sun esn¦

enAéf¶TI 24 Exkkáda qñaM1977

¬Éksaelx 1266ts¦

1>GgÁkarnigbkSsMedAEteTAelIGgÁkardwk

naMb:ueNÑaH minsMedAeTArkbuKÁleT.cMeBaH

rUbvnþbuKÁleKeRbI{smmitþnigeQµaH} b¤

eRbI{smmitþnigdMENg} b¤smmitþtMNag

GgÁkarenAfñak;enHb¤fñak;enaH. ]TahrN_³

smmitþetgsmmitþelxa smmitþtMNag

PUmiPaK>>>.

Angkar Leadership organization. As explained by the Khmer Rouge, “Guidelines on the use of words Angkar and Party,” issued by committee 870, the central party committee, dated July 11, 1977, signed by Khieu (Son Sen), dated July 24, 1977. “(Doc. 1266 TS),” 1. Angkar or Party refers only to leadership

organization , not to individuals. For individuals, use comrade and name, or comrade and position, or comrade representing Angkar at this level or that level. Example: Comrade Teng, Comrade Secretary, Comrade Representing [the] Zone….”

GgÁkarnarIkumµúynisþ Communist Women's Organization


GgÁkarEPñkmñas; Angkar with the eyes of the pineapple

GMNacniym Authoritarianism

BYkeFVIButx¢ileFVIkar Malingerer

Gñkkan;GMNacpþac;kar Authoritarian / Despot

GñkemIlekµg Baby-sitter

GñkcmøgÉksar Copyist

GñksegçbÉksar Summarizer

Gñkcab;cg Captor

GñkmUldæan Base people

GñkeRtóm Candidate

GnuesnIy_Ék b¤s½kþi3 Captain

GñkcarBnül; b¤viPaKÉksar Annotator

GgÁPaBmCÄim Central Unit

Gñktv:aRbqaMgCnCaticin Anti-Chinese Protestant

GKÁsñgkar Commissioner general

GKÁesnaFikar General staff

GtßiPaBrbs;bkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa CPK’s existence

GMeBIBalaGavaEs Debauchery

GñkmUldæancas; Deposit base people

GnuKN³kmµaFikarTTYlbnÞúkneya)ay Deputy political commissioner

GgÁPaBfñak;Rsuk District-level unit

GñkeFVIÉksar b¤RkúmÉksar Documentarians/ Documentation group

GñksmPaBniym Egalitarian

GUsTaj Entice/ instigate/lure

GñkCemøósmkBITIRkúg Evacuated city dweller


GñkCemøós Evacuee

GNikCn Foreign residents

GñkeBjsiT§i Full rights people

GñkykkarN_rbs;rdæaPi)al Government informer

GnuesnanI Company grad officer (captain)

GnutþrPaBniym Hegemonism

GnutþrPaBvatTIniym Hegemonism and Expansionism

GnutþrPaB Hegemony

GnuFnfñak;elI High-class bourgeois

Gnuvtþ Implement

Gñk[karN_ b¤GñkniyayerOgr:avR)ab; Informant

GñknaMcUl Introducer

GMBavnav Invoked/ appeal

GgÁkarclnaceRmInnigBlkr Progressive and Labor Organization

GñkGb;rMmUldæan Local educator

GñksuIQñÜlQøanBan Mercenary aggressor

GñkfµI New people

Gakb,kiriyaminbdivtþ Non-revolutionary behavior

GgÁkarvin½y Organizational discipline

GñkesñhaCati Patriotic

GnuFn Petty bourgeoisie

GñkKaMRTExµrRkhm Pro Khmer Rouge individuals

GñkEdlRtÚvlt;dM Probationer

GFn Proletariat

GñkCMBak;CMBinneya)ayCamYyxµaMg Person who owes some sort of political debt to the enemy/who is politically related to


enemy GñkerIseGIg b¤Rbkan;BUCsasn_ Racist

Gñkts‘Ubdivtþn_ Revolutionary struggler

Gnuneya)ay Sub-politic

GñkRkkRmGYtmanEtGñkqáÜtGYtKµanxµas; The good rarely boast, only the insane boast without shame

GgÁkarsuIsac; kmµkrsuIq¥wg The organization eats meat while the workers eat the bone

Gnuelxa Under secretary

GgÁPaB Unit

GgÁkarlatsn§wg Wide open organization

GgÁPaBtMbn; Regional unit

]

]tþmnavI Admiral

]tþmnavIRtI Rear Admiral

]tþmnavIeTa Vice Admiral

]tþmnavInayk Commodore (Navy captain)

]tþmnavIÉk Fleet Admiral

]tþmesnIy_RtI b¤páay1 Brigadier General

]tþmesnIy_putelx b¤esnaRbmux

b¤páay4b¤nay]tþmesnIy_

General of the army/ Field Marshal

]tþmsñgkar High commissioner

]tþmesnIy_nayk Lieutenant General

]tþmesnIy_eTa b¤páay2 Major general

]bkrN_kMNt;kUGredaenPUmisa®sþ GPS (Global Positioning System)

]bkrN_RCmuCTwk Scuba equipment


SORTED BY ENGLISH ALPHABETICAL ORDER

1st class certificate/ diploma sBaØab½Rtfñak;Ék A man paralyzed on one side mnusSsøab;mYycMehogxøÜn

Abolish private ownership lubbM)at;kmµsiT§iÉkCn Absolute dac;xat Absolutely determined to be with the poor people in life and death

bþÚpþac;søab;rs;CamYynwgRbCaCnRkIRk Acknowledger GñkTTYlsÁal; Act as a good model for someone eFVICaKMrUl¥dl;GñkNamñak; Admiral ]tþmnavI Agitate / Stir up bMpus Affected area tMbn;EdlTTYlrgkarvayRbhar Ambush qµk; Anesthetic fñaMsnøb; Antidote fñaMbnSab Angkar Leadership organization. As explained by the Khmer Rouge, “Guidelines on the use of words Angkar and Party,” issued by commitee 870, the central party committee, dated July 11, 1977, signed by Khieu (Son Sen), dated July 24, 1977. “(Doc. 1266 TS),” 2. Angkar or Party refers only to

leadership organization , not to individuals.

For individuals, use comrade and name, or comrade and position, or comrade representing Angkar at this level or that level. Example: Comrade Teng, Comrade Secretary, Comrade Representing [the] Zone.....”

GgÁkar

CaGgÁkardwknaM. dUcEdl)anBnül;eday

ExµrRkhm{karENnaMsþIBIkareRbIR)as;Bakü

GgÁkarnigbkS}EdlecjedayKN³kmµaFikar

870EdlCaKN³kmµaFikar mCÄwmbkScuHéf¶TI

11Exkkáda1977 EdlcuHhtßelxa eday

exov ¬sun esn¦ enAéf¶TI 24 Exkkáda

qñaM1977 ¬Éksaelx 1266ts¦

1>GgÁkarnigbkSsMedAEteTAelIGgÁkardwknaM

b:ueNÑaH minsMedAeTArkbuKÁleT. cMeBaHrUbvnþ


buKÁleKeRbI{smmitþnigeQµaH}b¤eRbI{smmitþ

nigdMENg}b¤smmitþtMNagGgÁkarenAfñak;enH

b¤fñak;enaH. ]TahrN_³smmitþetgsmmitþ

elxasmmitþtMNagPUmiPaK>>>.

Angkar with the eyes of the pineapple GgÁkarEPñkmñas; Annotator GñkcarBnül; b¤GñkviPaK Antagonistic contradiction TMnas;bdibkç Anti-Chinese Protestant Gñktv:aCnCaticin Anti-Vietnamese Front T½BRsYcRbqaMgnwgevotNam Anuria (urinary failure) CMgWenamTas; Aphrodisiac fñaMseRmIb Apparatus briFan b¤]bkrN_ Armed conflict CemøaHRbdab;GavuF Arsenal XøaMgRKab; Assignment policy neya)aycat;taMg Assignment, nomination, appointment cat;taMg Asthma CMgWhWt Authoritarian / Despot Gñkkan;GMNacpþac;kar

Authoritarianism GMNacniym Baby-sitter GñkemIlekµg Backbone member smaCikbegÁal Bandit ecaréRB Barracks bnÞayTahan Base people GñkmUldæan


Battalion kgvresnatUc Battalion commander embBa¢akarkgvresnatUc Be mixed up in problems of morality manbBaðaTak;TgsIlFm’ Be politically clean Edlmanneya)ays¥ats¥M Be seized with anger against the enemy QWcab;cMeBaHxµaMg Become a member of the party cUlCabkçCn Become a novice monk bYsCasameN Being jabbed with a needle TaruNkmµykm¢úlcak;sac;

Beriberi CMgWs<wk Major historical traitors to the nation ExSmhak,t;Catid¾FM Blackboard of honor bBa¢IEs,kexµA Blood avenges blood QamsgedayQam Blood sucker bisacCBa¢k;Qam Bourgeois KhbtI Brainwashing lagkEm¥lcas; b¤dusxat;sµartI Brigade kgBltUc Brigadier General ]tþmesnIy_RtI Bronchitis CMgWrlakTgsYt Brother/Sister peasant-worker bgb¥Únkmµkr-ksikr Bubo (open sore as a result of the plague) CMgWehIbRKelonb¤kUnkNþúr Buffer Zone tMbn;RTnab; Build up the standpoint of comradeship ksageKalCMhrkmµaCIvUbnIykmµ Burn the outside to a crisp, but pull it out while the inside is still raw/to sidetrack/to detract

dut[exøacerac[eqA

By dawn I have survived for a night; by sunset I have survived for a day

RBlwmrs;)anmYyyb; RBlb;rs;)anmYYyéf¶


Callousness PaBKµanemtþa b¤GarmµN_

Candidate GñkeRtom Candidate party member(s) bkçCneRtom Capitalist nayTun Captain s½kþi3 b¤GnuesnIy_Ék Captor Gñkcab;cg Cadre-building work kargarksagkmµaPi)al Carry the signboard "Revolution" kan; b¤Bak;pøak;{bdivtþn_} Cease fire bTQb;)aj; Central Committee KN³mCÄim Central Committee Division KN³kgBl¬FM¦mCÄim Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) es>GIu>Ga Central party mCÄimbkS Central Unit GgÁPaBmCÄim Chain of bad elements / Traitorous network

bNþajk,t; b¤ExSsgVak;k,t; Chewing Unit RkumGegÁóm¬sYrcemøIy¦ Chief killer emXatkr Chief of a unit nayrg Chief of the army/ Supreme commander of the army

esnabtI Chief of the cabinet nayxuTÞkal½y Chief of a district RbFanRsuk b¤KN³Rsuk Chief of the foreign affairs service nayRkumcat;taMgeRkARbeTs Chief of a region KN³tMbn; Chronic disease CMgWrauMér: Cigarette burns TaruNkmµdutePøIg)arI


Class analysis karviPaKvNÑ³ Class dictatorship pþac;karvNÑ³ Class status vNÑ³PaB

Class struggle karts‘UvNÑ³ Class wrath kMhwgvNÑ³ Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK)

rdæaPi)alcRmuHkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü Collective eating hUb)ayrYm Collectivization smUhPavUbnIykmµ Colonel s½kþi5 b¤vresnIy_Ék Combat line ExSRbyuT§ Come to dwgxøÜnvij¬eRkayBIsnøb;¦

Commissioner general GKÁsñgkar Commodore (Navy captain) ]tþmnavInayk Communal / collective meeting RbCuMsmUhPaB Communal eating hall erag)ayrYm Communal/ Collective smUhPaB Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) bkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Communist Party of Kampuchea’s Armed Forces

kgkmøaMgRbdab;GavuFbkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Communist Women's Organization GgÁkarnarIkumµúynisþ Community smaKm Company kgGnuesnaFM Company grade officer (captain) GnuesnanI Compatriot CnrYmCati Composition/ Component smasPaB Comprador Capitalist mUlFnkuMR)ad½r


Company kgGnuesnaFM

Comrades-in-arms mitþrYmGavuF Comrade Secretary smmitþelxa Conscience mnsikar Consciousness illness CMgWstiGarmµN_ Consecutive deputy secretaries bNþajGnuelxabnþbnÞab;eRcInnak; Constipation CMgWTl;lamk Content/essence køwmsar Contort mYlbgáac; Contradiction TMnas; Control-ism RtÜtRtaniym Cool Unit kgRtCak; Cooperative shkrN_ Cooperative chief/committee KN³shkrN_ Copyist GñkcmøgÉksar Core forces kmøaMgsñÚl Core member smaCiksñÚl Core party troop T½BsñÚlrbs;bkS Corporal nayeTa Counter-revolutionary activity skmµPaBRbqaMgbdivtþn_ Counter-sponsor/former supporter karRbqaMgnwgGñkFøab;CYyKaMRT CPK’s existence GtßiPaBrbs;bkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Crime site mCÄmNÐl]Rkidækmµ Cruel subunit kgrgkac¬sYrcemøIy¦ Cry out in pain ERskTaMgkþIQWcab;


Cut off entire familial line/exterminate smøab;TaMgBUC Dagger kaMbitesñót Debauchery GMeBIBalaGavaEs Decapitate/Behead kat;k,al

Decorations/ Medals eRKÓg\sSryys Deer antler EsñgeRbIs

Defeatism braC½yniym Defense/guard unit kgkarBar Defrock Buddhist monks pSwkRBHsgÇ

Demagogy RbCaPifuti Democratic centralism RbCaFibetyüRbmUlpþúM Demonstration )atukmµ Denunciation RbCuMriHKn;Tieton Department / Office mnÞIr Department of disabled soldiers mnÞIryuT§CnBikar Deploy troops BRgayT½B Deportee nireTsCn b¤GñkCemøós Deposit base people GñkmUldæancas; Deputy chief of the foreign affairs directorate

nayTIcat;karbreTsrg Desperate Edlsahav¬edaysarkarGs;sgÇwm¦

Deputy political commissioner GnuKN³kmµaFikarTTYlbnÞúkneya)ay Despicable EdlKYr[s¥b;

Detention karXuMXaMg Diabetes CMgWTwkenamEp¥m Dialectical materialism bdic©smub,aT


Diarrhea CMgWraKrUs Die untimely søab;munGayu

Dining hall, Communal dining hall erag)ay Diphtheria CMgWxan;søak; Direction to rectify work / direction of work rectification

TistRmg;kargar Disarmed dkGavuF Disembowel karykeBaHevonecj Disproportionate revenge karsgswkRCúlhYsehtu

Disrobe / to force to leave the monkshood

pSwkRBHsgÇ District-level unit GgÁPaBfñak;Rsuk District office salaRsuk Division kgBlFM Division commander embBa¢karkgBlFM Do politics eFVIneya)ay

Do not follow in someone’s footsteps/stereotype one another

kuMyktRmab;tamKña Documentarians/ Documentation group GñeFVIÉksar b¤RkumÉksar Dogmatism muxmat;niym Drops of water onto forehead TaruNkmµbnþk;TwkelIf¶as

Dysentery CMgWraKmYl Earth moving bucket bgÁI Earthwork karelIkdI East bUBa’ Eat to one's heart content suImYyEq¥ttamcitþcg;

Eavesdropping karlYcykkarN_ Eczema CMgWRtGk


Economic Support Unit kgesdækic© Economical spirit of the peasant sµartIsnSMsMécrbs;ksikr Education hall salaGb;rM Egalitarian GñksmPaBniym Electrocute smøab;edayqk;ExSePøIg

Emissaries / envoys ebskkmµ En masse TaMghVÚg Encourage the involvement of the masses

bMpusbMpulmhaCn Encroach on T®nÞan Enemy network/Enemy chain ExSry³sRtÚv b¤bNþajsRtÚv Enter the revolution cUlbdivtþn_

Entice/ instigate GUsTaj Equipment warehouse XøaMgsmÖar Euphemism BaküeRbIsRmab;sRmaln½yEdlminKYrsm Evacuated city dweller GñkCemøósmkBITIRkúg Evacuee GñkCemøós Evade up and down niyayLb;ELmþgenHmþgenaH Execution list bBa¢IeQµaHGñkEdlRtÚvsmøab; Executioner eBCÄXat Exhume BinitüsaksB Expand/ build up forces ksagkmøaMg

Expansionism vatTIniym Expansionist CnvatTIniym Exploit CBa¢ak;ykplRbeyaCn_ b¤ekgRbv½Ba© Exterminate eFVI[sUnü b¤smøab;bMputBUC


Extermination karsmøab;bMputBUC Extremist policy neya)aydac;xatniymb¤RCúlniym Fail to menstruate raMgrdUv Fall in with sth/sb eCOlg;eTAelIGVImYy b¤GñkNamñak; Fallen race BUCsasn_)at;bg; Family-ism RKÜsarniym

Feign / pretend eFVIBut Female medic / Female medical worker narIeBTü

Feudal class/ Feudal system vNÑ³skþiPUmi Feudal system RbB½n§skþiPUmi Feudalism skþiPUminiym Fifty-member Unit kgha Fire Brigade / Fire Truck Unit kgLanTwk First Lieutenant s½kþi2 b¤GnuesnIy_eTa Fleet Admiral ]tþmnavIÉk Flesh-and-blood opponent sRtUvsuIsac;hutQam

Follow-up biography tamdanRbvtþirUb Forced to drink urine TaruNkmµbgçM[pwkTwkenam

Forced to eat excrement TaruNkmµbgçM[suIGacm_

Forced labor kargarBlkmµeFVIedaybgçM Foreign residents GNikCn Foreman / Deputy nayrg Forensic examination ekaslüvic½y Free Khmer Forces T½BesrIka Freedomism/liberalism esIniym


Friendly rough-housing/play karelgesIcCamYymitþPkþi Frog-man mnusSkEgáb Front line/battlefield smrPUmimux Full rights eBjsiT§i Full rights party member(s) ebkçCneBjsiT§i Full rights people GñkeBjsiT§i Further raise the leadership quality elIkm<s;KuNPaBdwknaMEfmeTot Gang /group/unit Rkum Gaseous illness eraKs<wk General ]tþmesnIy_ General Staff GKÁesnaFikar

General of the army/ Field Marshal ]tþmesnIy_putelx b¤esnaRbmux

b¤páay4b¤nay]tþmesnIy_ Genocidal outcome lT§plénGMeBIRbl½yBUCsasn_ Genocide site kEnøg]RkidækmµRbl½yBUCsasn_ Gestitis CMgWrlakRkBH Gentle subunit kgrgsøÚt Get rid of the enemy’s consciousness CRmúHecalstiGarmµN_xµaMg Get rid of non-revolutionary behavior CRmúHecalCMhrminbdivtþ Glorious light of revolution BnøWbdivtþn_RbimRbiy Go down into the fray to do productive labor/ to vehemently cultivate crops

cuHeTAvaysRmukbgábegáInpl Goiter CMgWBkk Gonorrhea CMgWRbemH Good moral lifestyle sIlFm’rs;enAs¥ats¥M Gout CMgWRbRKiv


Government informer Gñkykkarrbs;rdæaPi)al GPS (Global Positioning System) ]bkrN_kMNt;kUGredaenPUmisa®sþ Granary CRguk Grave site TItaMgkb;saksB Grasp hold of the political layers throughout the country

kþab;neya)ayRKb;RsTab;TUTaMgRbeTs Great Leap Forward mhaelatepøaH Guerrilla T½BéRB Gulag [R., acronym for glavnoe upravlenie lagery, Chief Administration of Collective Labor Camps.] The Soviet penal system and its administration.

KN³RKb;RKgkardæanshkrN_ ¬enAGtItsh

PaBsaFarNrdæsgÁmniymsUevot¦

Gullibility PaBqab;eCO

Half full/candidate reserved minTan;eBjsiT§i Hamstring kat;sréseCIg Hanging upside down TaruNkmµcgeCIgBüÜreLIgelIk,alcuHeRkam

Hard core party member bkçCndac;xat Hard line area tMbn;BYkk,alrwg Hard-liner BYkk,alrwg Have a great deal of anger toward the rich and urban dwellers

mankMhwgy:agxøaMgcMeBaHGñkmannigGñkTIRkug Have an absolute standpoint about purging counter-revolutionary elements

QrelICMhrdac;xatkñúgkare)assm¥at

smasPaBRbqaMgnwgbdivtþn_ Have the nature of the highest organization

manFatucat;taMgx<s;bMput Having sex with someone else’s spouse/adultery

xUcnwgRKÜsareK Having fingernails pulled out TaruNkmµdkRkckéd

Heart attack CMgWexSayebHdUg Hegemonism GnutþrPaBniym


Hegemonism and Expansionism GnuvtþrPaBvatTIniym Hegemony GnutþrPaB

Heighten the spirit of revolutionary vigilance

elIkMBs;sµartIRbugRby½tñbdivtþn_ Hemorrhage CMgWFøak;Qam Hemorrhoids b£dUg)at Herd off RbmUlekoreTATaMghVÚg² Hereditary enemy sRtÚvsYrBUC Hernia CMgWkøn Hero/ Elite vrCn Hidden enemy burrowing from inside/Undercover enemy burrowing from within

xµaMgbgáb;suIrUgépÞkñúg

Hierarchy zananuRkm High-class bourgeois GnuFnfñak;elI High commissioner ]tþmsñgkar High-level cooperative shkrN_fñak;elI High official s½kþiFr Highest level of punitive sanction pþnÞaeTaskRmitx<s;bMput Historic enemy sRtÚvRbvtþisa®sþ Hot Unit kgekþA Hundred-member Unit kgry Ideological debt bMNulmenaKmviC¢a Immerse RCmuCTwk[fb;degðIm

Imperialism cRkBtþiniym Imperialist CncRkBitþ b¤BYkcRkBtþi Implement Gnuvtþ


Incarcerate/detain XuMXaMg Indenture bBa¢aesñIsuM Indict script/ indictment lixitecaTRbkan; Individual consciousness stiGarmµN_sYntY Indochina Communist Party (ICP) bkSkumµúynisþ\NÐÚcin

Indochina Federation shB½n§\NÐÚcin

Infantry T½BefµIeCIg Influenza RKúnpþasayFM Informant Gñk[karN_ b¤GñkniyayerOgr:avR)ab; Infra-party purge visuT§kmµkñúgbkS Initiation ceremony for new party member

BiFIbBa©ÚlbkS Insomnia CMgWedkminlk; Insurgent CnbHe)ar Internal political field vis½yeyaFaépÞkñúg Intravenous injection karBüÚresr:Um

Intricate System / Complicated System RbB½n§d¾saMjúaM Introducer GñknaMcUl Invoked/ appeal GMBavnav Iron discipline vin½ytwgruwg Irredeemable minGacEkERbekIt ¬EkElgeLIg¦

Irrigation construction karsagsg;RbB½n§eRsacRsB Jam the cultural airwaves raMgsÞHkarpSBVpSayvb,Fm’tamrlkFatuGakas

Jaundice CMgWxan;elOg Join the party cUlbkS Join the revolution without full devotion cUlbdivtþn_Bak;kNþallHbg;


Justice meeting RbCuMCRmHkþI Jute RkecA

Kampuchean Communist Movement clnakumµúynisþkm<úCa

Karmic result kmµpl

Keep track of / To trace/keep tabs on tamdan b¤tamXøaMemIl Khmer body with Vietnamese head k,alyYnxøÜnExµr Khmer/Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party (KPRP)

bkSRbCaCnbdivtþn_km<úCa Khmer People's National Liberation Front

rNsirSrMedaHRbCaBlrdæExµr Khmer Rouge A French word for Khmer Kraham or “Red Khmers,” first used by Prince Norodom Sihanouk in the mid-1960s to refer to Khmer Communists and members of other Khmer left-wing organizations. The term is understood differently depending on time period and historical view. The Documentation Center of Cambodia refers to the Khmer Rouge as those who worked to form and/or lead Democratic Kampuchea. For different views on the Khmer Rouge, see the DC-Cam publication Searching for the truth, No.6, June 2000.

ExµrRkhm

CaBakürbs;)araMgEdlRtÚv)aneRbICaelIkTI

mYyedayRBH)aTneratþmsIhnuenABak;kNþal

TsvtSqñaM60edIm,IniyaysMedAeTAelICn

kumµúynIsþExµrnigsmaCikénGgÁkarExµreqVgniym.

BaküenHRtÚv)anyl;eXIjepSg²KñaeTAtam

TsSn³Rbvtþisa®sþnigeBlevla.mCÄmNÐl

Éksarkm<úCa)anniyaysMedAeTArkExµrRkhm

faCaGñkEdlbegáIt nig/b¤ GñkdwknaMkm<úCa

RbCaFibetyü.cMeBaHTsSn³epSgeTotGMBI

ExµrRkhmsUmemIlTsSnavdþIEsVgrkkarBit

elx6ExmifunaqñaM2000rbs;mCÄmNÐlÉk

sarkm<úCa.

Khmer Rouge core men/ Khmer Rouge spy

BYksñÚlExµrRkhm Khmer Student Association smaKmnisiStExµr Khum Chief/ Sub-district Chief/committee

KN³XuM Kill someone without discrimination smøab;minerIsmux


Killing fields valBiXat Kola woman RsþICatikULa Labor party bkSBlkr Labor target TisedABlkmµ Lackey bviva b¤́ kBa¢Hdac;éfø Lascivious xitxUc¬cg;EtrYmePT¦

Laxative fñaMbBa©úH Lax-ism bENþtbeNþayniym Lax in doing something FUrrlugkñúgkareFVIGVImYy Leadership link ExSem² Learn scientific and technical lessons eronsURtbec©keTsviTüasa®sþ Leftist CneqVgniym Lessons learned from the commune/collective

mtiksagBIsmUhPaB Lieutenant Colonel vresnIy_eTa b¤s½kiþ4knøH Lieutenant General ]tþmesnIy_nayk Life-and-death contradiction TMnas;søab;rs; Life-and-death enemy sRtÚvsøab;rs; Lifestyle meeting / Livelihood meeting RbCuMCIvPaB Likeliness ePT ¬ehtuePT¦ Line maKa’ Line of bright revolution maKa’bdivtþn_d¾PøWsVag Local educator GñkGb;rMmUldæan Logistics P½sþúPar Slow ripening rice/long-term rice RsÚvF¶n; Love the collective Rslaj;smUhPaB


Low-level cooperative shkrN_fñak;eRkam Lower-class farmer ksikrfñak;eRkam Lower Khmer/Khmer Krom km<úCaeRkam Lower middle-class farmer ksikrkNþalfñak;eRkam Lure dak;GnÞak; Major vresnIy_RtI b¤s½kþi4 Major general ]tþmesnIy_eTa b¤páay2 Malinger eFVIButQW¬x¢ileFVIkargar¦

Malingerer GñkeFVIButx¢ileFVIkar Mass grave reNþAsaksBrYm Mass line maKa’mhaCn Massacre smøab;rgÁal Master sergeant Bl)aleTa Mature in consciousness snþikarmÖ Marx-Leninist line liT§im:akS-elnIn Meal shifts evn)ay Measles CMgWkRBa¢wl Medic eBTüTahan Medical staff/Medical practitioner eBTü Memorial site bUCnIydæan Menstruate rdUv®sþI Mercenary aggressor GñksuIQñÜlQøanBan Middle man / Broker QµÜjkNþal Middle-of-the road consciousness stiGarmµN_snþiniym Migraine CMgWRbkaMg


Military engine ynþyuT§ Military officer / Commander nayTahan Military secretary elxaeyaFa Military Unit kgeyaFa Militant Solidarity yuT§samKÁIPaB

Militiaman esnaCn b¤kgsVayRtaN Mince niyaybeBaäóg

Miscarriage karrlUtkUn Mobile Work Brigade kgcl½t Model KMrU Model cooperative shkrN_KMrU Model district RsúkKMrU Monastery kudielak Move freely edIrehIresrI

Mulberry edImmn

(Solidarity) Mutual Aid Group RkúmRbvHéd¬samKÁI¦

Political monopoly/monopolized policy/politics

neya)aypþac;mux Moral offenses/sexual offenses kMhussIlFm’ National Democratic Revolution bdivtþn_RbCaCatiRbCaFibetyü National Untied Front of Kampuchea (NUFK)

rNsirSrYbrYmCatikm<úCa

Nationalities issues bBaðasBa¢ati Nerve center mNÐldusxat;sµartI Networks ExSbNþaj b¤ExSry³ Neutralist CnGBüaRkwt New cabinet KN³rdæm®nþIfµI


New people GñkfµI New phase of socialist revolution dMNak;kalfµIénbdivtþn_ Nomination/ Assignment Committee KN³cat;taMg Non-believer TmiL Non-commissioned officer nayTahanrg Non-revolutionary behavior Gakb,kiriyaminbdivtþ Non-revolutionary component/ element/ non-revolutionary background

smasPaBminbdivtþ Norm bTdæan Northeast Administration karRKb;RKgPUmiPaK|san Nourish secret work ciBa©wmkarsm¶at;

Objective factors ktþastüanum½ti Obliterate eFVIkuM[eXIjdan Offend eFVI[Tas;citþ Officer on active duty nayTahankñúgskmµPaB Old-timer/veteran eCIgcas; Organization line maKa’GgÁkar Organizational discipline GgÁkarvin½y Pacifism snþiPaBniym Palsy CMgWsøab;Gv³yv³ Paranoia eraKqáÜt ¬RCúlhYsehtu/ Kµanehtupl¦

Partisan / Clique bkçBYk Party of Democratic Kampuchea (PDK) bkSkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü Party candidate smaCikeRtomcUlbkS Party line maKa’rbs;bkS Party member(s) bkçCn


Party's leading apparatus/mechanism k,alm:asuIndwknaM Pass out snøb;)at;sµartI

Patriotic GñkesñhaCati Patrol l,at Paying homage to image(s) of dogs TaruNkmµsMBHrUbstVEqá

Peace alliance snþism<½n§ Peacization/pacifization sniþPavUbnIykmµ Peasant element/nature Fatuksikr Peasant revolution bdivtþn_vNÑ³ksikr People's Representative Assembly sPatMNagRbCaCn People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK) saFarNrdæRbCamanitkm<úCa People representative of a communist tendency

tMNagra®sþninñakarRkhm People's Revolutionary Tribunal (PRT) tulakarRbCaCnbdivtþn_ People's War s®gÁamRbCaCn

Perfect leadership line maKa’dwknaMRtwmRtÚv Person who owes some sort of political debt to the enemy/who is politically related to enemy

GñkEdlCMBak;CMBinEpñkneya)ayCamYyxµaMg

Perversity karRbRBwtþminKb,I karRbRBwtþxilxUc

Petty bourgeoisie GnuFn Pig iron EdkRsYy Pilgrimage FmµyaRta Pioneer nature / Pioneer elements FatuQanmux Pioneer/Pioneer elements kgQanmux Pirate ecarsmuRT Platoon kgGnuesnatUc


Pledge allegiance to a flag eKarBTg;Cati Pogrom clnasmøab;bM)at;RbCaCnBBYkNamYy Police officer / Guard naytRmÜt Police station/ Police commissioner’s office

sñgkardæan Police superintendent/ commissioner sñgkar Political education session vKÁsikSaneya)ay Political learning eronsURtneya)ay Political level of the masses kRmitneya)ayrbs;mhaCn Political line maKa’neya)ay Political view TsSn³neya)ay Proletarian vNÑ³GFn Pounce upon vays®gÁb; Pound corn bukeBat Presidium/ Politburo KN³kmµaFikarRbFanEpñkneya)ay nig

Rbtibtþi Prevent raraMg Private BlÉk Private Ownership kmµsiT§iniym Privatism bkçBYkniym Pro Khmer Rouge individuals GñkKaMRTExµrRkhm Probationer GñkEdlRtÚvlt;dM Progressive and Labor Organization GgÁkarceRmIn nigBlkr Proletarian nature / proletarian element FatuGFn Proletariat GFn Propaganda kareXasna


Propagandize eXasna Protégé mnusSsßitenAeRkamGNaBüa)alnigbBa¢arbs;eK

Provincial office salaextþ Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam

rdæaPi)albdivtþbeNþaHGasnñevotNamxagt,Úg

Pseudonym rhsSnam

Psywar/War of nerves s®gÁamcitþsa®sþ

Purge apparatus briFanvisuT§kmµ Purge/re-education Center mNÐlksagxøÜn Purification bnSúT§kmµ Quasi-segregationist vieyaKkmµKµanPaBCak;lak; Quick ripening rice/ short-term rice RsÚvRsal Rabbit-dropping medicine fñaMGacm_TnSay

Race extinction karputBUC Racist GñkerIseGIg b¤Rbkan;BUCsasn_ Radical mUlvivdþ Raid / ambush vayqµk; b¤qµk;cUlluk Rank and file soldier BlTahansamBaØa Rankism namuWniym Raze kemÞcecal[sUnü Reactionary Rbtikiriya Rear Admiral ]tþmnavIRtI Reactionary faith CMenOrbs;BYkRbtikiriya Reconnoiter/spy QøbykkarN_ Recruit soldier eRCIserIsT½B Red intellectual / communist intellectual bBaØvnþRkhm b¤bBaØvnþkumµúynisþ


Red tendency / red trend / communist inclination

ninñakarRkhm Reduce to ashes kemÞc[eTACaepH Reeducation camp kEnøgksagxøÜn Refashion / Refresh / Build up oneself ksagxøÜn

Regiment kgvresnaFM Regional unit GgÁPaBtMbn; Regional Cadre kmµaPi)altMbn; Regional importance/regionalism tMbn;niym Remain intractable and resist improvement

cecsrwgrUsminRBmEkERb Repatriate eFVImatuPUminivtþ Repatriation kareFVImatuPUminivtþ Report raykarN_ Reserve officer nayTahanbMrug Resolve contradiction edaHRsayTMnas; Revamp/reform EkTRmg; Revenge will not bring an end to a problem

karsgswknwgminGaceFIVeGaybBaðamYy

cb;enaHeT

Revisionist BYkesIerI Revolt ebHe)ar Revolutionary consciousness stiGarmµN_bdivtþn_ Revolutionary outlook on life CIvTsSn³bdivtþn_ Revolutionary resistance consciousness sµartIts‘Ubdivtþn_ Revolutionary struggler Gñkts‘Ubdivtþn_ Revolutionary wrath kMhwgbdivtþn_ Rheumatism CMgWsnøak;édeCIg


Right political line maKa’neya)ayRtwmRtUv

Rightist sþaMniym Ringworm CMgWWERsg Riot kub,kmµ Wild gesture kayvikarRceggRcgag Royal Government of National Union of Cambodia (RGNUC)

raCrdæaPi)alb®gÁÜbb®gÜmCatikm<úCa

Rubber-sole sandal/car-tyre sandal Es,keCIgkg;Lan Sadism karsb,ayeday)aneFVI)abGñkdéT

Sanctuary CMrM Santebal (The CPK state security organization)

snþi)al Screen army/ Single out army sRmitsRmaMgT½B Scapegoat mnusSEdlTTYlfµ)ak; /sVasuI)ayrYclab

mat;BEB Scuba equipment ]bkrN_RCmuCTwk Search and destroy tamkemÞc Secession movement clnapþac;xøÜn Second lieutenant s½kþi1 b¤GnuesnIy_RtI Division elxaKN³kgBlmCÄim Security Unit kgsnþisux Seek vengeance sgswk Segregate bMEbk Segregation karbMEbk Self-criticism CIvTsSn_ Self-mastery/implementation sV½ym©as;kar b¤sV½yRbtibtþi Send up to the higher level / Send to be observed by the higher rank

bBa¢ÚneTAfñak;elI


Sergeant Bl)al Sergeant or Second Class Sergeant Bl)alRtI Sergeant-major Bl)alÉk b¤RBwnÞ)alÉk Sharpen the ideology of the proletariat so that it is most cutting and powerful

sRmÜcKMnitGFn[mutRsYcbMput Shell )aj;epøag Shingles/Herpes CMgWerIm Shirk combat rt;ecalkarRbyuT§ sickle keNþóv

Sihanoukist National Army (ANS)

Silver bands s½kþiR)ak; Sino-Khmer youth yuvCnExµrkat;cin Slack off/Slack up minsUveFVIkar b¤x¢ileFVIkar Sleeping pill fñaMedklk; Slice open someone's stomach vHeBaH Sloppy mins¥ats¥M

Small arms fire karvayRbyuT§edayGavuFFunRsal Small-fry eats a little, big-shot eats a lot tUcsuIedaytUc FMsuIedayFM Smash something to smithereens kemÞcecal[exÞcm:dþsøúg Snapshot rUbftEdlft\t)anerobcMxøÜn Snatch sb from the jaws of death CYy[GñkNamñak;putBIesckþIsøab;

Sneak into a village to steal food lbcUlkñúgPUmilYcmðÚbGahar Dye clothes RClk;exaGavnwgmak;ekøÓ b¤BN’exµA Social affairs sgÁmkic© Social Order sNþab;Fñab;sgÁm

Social strategic line maKa’yuT§sa®sþsgÁm


Solidarity samKÁIPaB National solidarity samKÁICati Somebody was whipping up the fear/spreading that there are tigers.

man)atuPaBbMpusfamanxøa Speak to stir up contradictions niyaybgáTMnas; Spearhead/target muxRBÜj Spike/ Stake cRmÚg Spiritual indoctrination bMBak;bMb:nsµartI Sponsor/bring someone to join the party bBa©ÚlbkS Spy out a secret ykkarN_ Srok Chief/ District Chief/Committee KN³Rsuk Staff ( e.g., Eastern Zone Staff ) esnaFikar Stalinism sþalInniym

Stance of mastery, self-reliance and managing the destiny of one's country

CMhrÉkraCüm©as;karnigRKb;RKgelIvasna

RbeTsCatiedayxøÜnÉg Stance of independence CMhrÉkraCü Stance of lackeydom CMhr´eK Standing Committee/Permanent Committee

KN³Gcié®nþy_ Staunch Revolutionary Stand in Terms of a Clean Morality of Living and Cleanliness in Political Terms

CMhrrwgbuwgxagsIlFm’rs;enAs¥ats¥M nig

s¥ats¥Mxagneya)ay Staunch Revolutionary Stand in Terms of Class/background

CMhrbdivtþn_rwgbuwgxagvNÑ³PaB State/Public Commercial Committee KN³BaniC¢kmµrdæ Storm attack to farm paddy ( Farm intensively ) vaysRmúkeFVIERs Strafe )aj;rHBIelIynþehaH Strangle Rc)ac;k

Strategic line maKa’yuT§sa®sþ


Strengthen the stance of absolute and hot class struggle

BRgwgCMhrkMhwgvNÑ³dac;xatnigekþAKKuk Strike kUdkmµ Strings of traitors ExSk,t;

Stroke CMgWdac;srésQamkñúgxYrk,al Struggle in work/work hard ts‘Unwgkargar Struggle to the death / struggle until the last minute

ts‘UluHdl;degðImcugeRkay Study revolutionary concepts eronsURtviC¢abdivtþn_ Stupa ectiy

Stymie/obstruct bg¥ak; b¤raraMg Subdistrict XuM Subjective factors ktþaGtþenamti Sub-military operation Center mNÐlRbtibtþikarswkrg Subordinate/Lower rank cadre kmµaPi)alfñak;eRkam Sub-politic Gnuneya)ay Suffocate smøab;edaybiTbMBg;dkdegðIm

Suffocation with plastic bag TaruNkmµeFVI[fb;degðImedayfg;)øasÞik

Summarizer GñksegçbÉksar Super Great Leap Forward mhaelatepøaH mhaGs©arü Supporting base/ Home front/ Rear smrPUmieRkay Suppression karKabsgát; Sweep up/Sweep cleanly away e)assm¥at Sweet victory bEg¥mC½yCmñH Syncope xül;Kr Systematic education plan ninñakarGb;rMCaExSsgVak; Take the lead naMpøÚv


Tamil (athostic Tamil) TmiL ¬TmiL\tsasna¦

Target muxsBaØa Tasks of the core units kargarsñÚl Team chief RbFanRkum Temper and build oneself lt;dMksagxøÜn Ten-day guard shifts evnyam10éf¶ Ten thousand strong labor force kmøaMgeBjBlkmµ1muWnnak; Tendency ninñakar Tenderfoot/novice eCIgfµI¬KµanbTBiesaFn_¦ Territory-swallowing Yuon enemy

The direction of evolution Tisvivtþn_ The good rarely boast, only the insane boast without shame

Gñkl¥kRmGYt manEtGñkqáÜtGYtKµanxµas; The organization eats meat while the workers eat the bone

GgÁkarsuIsac; kmµkrsuIq¥wg There can be no comparison between losing two or three leading cadre and 200-300 members. Rather the latter than the former.

kar)at;bg;smaCik2-3rynak;minesµInwg

kar)at;bg;kmµaPi)aldwknaM 2-3 nak;pg Third wave of purges kare)assm¥atb¤visuT§kmµelIkTIbI Three-in-one traitorous network ExSbICaExSEtmYy To dig up grass, one must dig up the roots

CIkesµARtÚvCIkTaMgb£s Tonsillitis CMgWrlakbMBg;k Torment / Torture TaruNkmµ Trade union shCIB Transplant the rice with its root sticking up in the air

sÞÚgRsÚvbt;Kl;

Triumph C½yCmñH Turtoise shell sñÚkGeNþIk


Two-crop land dIGacdaMdMNaM)anBIrRbePT Unconditionally make every kind of sacrifice

lHbg;GVI²RKb;y:ageday\tlkçxNÐ Unclean mins¥ats¥M Under secretary Gnuelxa Underground bgáb;épÞkñúg Unit kg Unit GgÁPaB Unified Issarak (Freedom) Front (UIF) rNsirSrYbrYmExµr\sSr³ United Front for the National Salvation of Kampuchea (UFNSK)

rNsirSsamKÁIse®gÁaHCatikm<úCa

Unsympathetic ceg¥ótcg¥l;

Upland minorities CnCatiPaKticenAtMbn;x<g;rab Upper brothers bgfñak;elI b¤bgFM Upper class farmer ksikrfñak;elI Upper Khmer/ Khmer Leu ExµrelI Upper middle-class farmer ksikrkNþalfñak;elI Vanguard force kmøaMgRsYc Vanity emaTnPaBniym

Vice Admiral ]tþmnavIeTa Vigilance karRbugRby½tñ Viaginal discharge Føak;s Village cooperative shkrN_PUmi Volatile standpoint eKalCMhrXøIgeXøag Loot/ spoils of war CyPNÐ Prisoner of war eQøIyswk Wall with ears CBa¢aMgmanRtecok


War operation sub-region tMbn;Rbtibtþikarswkrg Water chasing rice/Floating rice RsUvRbedjTwk Water tank/truck LandwkTwk West bs©wm Wet nurse emedaH Wharf (Ex: sea wharf) kMBg;TUk/ Ep ¬]³ EpsmuRT¦

When we transplanted (paddy) during the national democratic revolution there was progress, but when we transplant in the socialist revolution, we retrogress. Before we ate rice by the bushel, now we eat rice by the can.

sÞÚgkñúgbdivtþn_RbCaCatiRbCaFibetyüeTAmux

sÞÚgkñúgbdivtþn_sgÁmniymeTAeRkay. mun

hUbGgáretA\LÚvhUbGgákMb:ug. Wide open organization GgÁkarlatsn§wg Willingness/good will suqnÞ³ Work force organization karerobcMkmøaMgBlkmµ Work site kardæankargar Work team Rkumkargar Worker and peasant kmµkr-ksikr Working agenda kmµviFIeFVIkargar Write a systematic account of someone's treasonous activities from beginning to end.

sresrerobrab;skmµPaBk,t;CaExSsgVak;BI

edImrhUtdl;cb; Xenophobia kars¥b;CnbreTs

Yeast dMEb b¤emdMEb Young pioneers/boy or girl scout kumarQanmux Young women in a mobile work brigade yuvCnyuvnarI b¤narIkgcl½t Youth League sm<½n§yuvCn Yuvakak League/ Kampuchean Communist Youth League sm<½n§yuvkk b¤sm<½n§yuvCnkumµúynisþkm<úCa Zero-sum game El,gsUnü


2nd class certificate/ diploma sBaØab½Rtfñak;eTa 3rd class certificate/ diploma sBaØab½Rtfñak;RtI 3rd class dharma discipline Fmµvin½yfñak;RtI 3rd class dharma discipline certificate/ diploma

sBaØab½RtFmµvin½yfñak;RtI Carry out a shock assault resolutely to make the 3 ton and 6 ton breakthrough

vaysRmuk[)an3etannig6etankñúg1hikta

March 2006


the two-in-one democratic kampuchea glossary · the two-in-one democratic kampuchea glossary ......

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