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3 3 3 3 ---- THE THE THE THE TUDORSTUDORSTUDORSTUDORS
�Son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. Henry’s reign was
revolutionary. �The Act of Supremacy (1534) cut
the connection between England and the Pope in Rome.
�Henry divorced from Catherine of Aragon and married Anne Boleyn. �The Pope did not approve ithemarriage because Catherine was Spanish and Spain was a great supporter of the Pope in Rome.
Henry VIIIand
The Act of Supremacy (reign 1509 - 1547)
Queen Elizabeth I(1533-1603)
�Daughter of Henry VII and Anne Boleyn (executed two and a half years
after Elizabeth’s birth), she succeeded the Catholic Mary I, Catherine of
Aragon’s daughter.
�She established The Anglican Religion and reinforced the British Navy,
defeated the Spanish Invincible Armada and got the supremacy over the
seas.
�She never married not to comprise her religious choices
Movies about Elizabeth I
MaryStuartQueen of Scots (1542 –1587)
�Legitimate child of King James V, Mary
became Queen of Scotland as Mary I when
she was about 1 year old.
�She married the Dauphin of France , then
(1558) King of France as Francis II (1559)
�After her husband's death(1560), Mary
returned to Scotland and married her first
cousin, Lord Darnley who died in an
explosion (1567).
�Mary married James Hepburn, 4th Earl of
Bothwell, but soon the couple was accused
of Lord Damley’s murder. She was
imprisoned and forced to abdicate in favour
of her one-year-old son, James VI.
�Mary fled to England asking Elizabeth’s ,
her first cousin, for protection.
�As Mary had previously claimed
Elizabeth's throne, Elizabeth had her
arrested and executed after 19 years for
treason and plots against her.
Mystery Miracle and Morality plays
Mystery plays: Bible stories accompanied by songs
Name: mystery �miracle, or �misterium= craft, performed by the craft guilds
• Miracle Plays: dramas about events in the lives of saints and martyrs.
• Morality plays : known as "interludes", allegorical plays: the protagonist meets personifications of various moral features who try to prompt him to choose a godly life over one of evil
� Everyman (1495), anonymous .
• First performed in Churches, all these plays were then performed in squares. on cards called pageants
Earliest plays in medieval times
(10th - 16th century).
First TheatresCharacteristics of the theatres:� round or octagonal, 2 sets of balconies,
without a roof, stage in the middle of the yard;
� no scenery, only rich customs of the period.� performance only during the good seasons.� no women actors, but only young boys. � cost of the tickets quite low, for everybody� continuous action � No copyright: it was a good thing to copy
other ideas.
�Seneca's influence: the division into five acts, use of monologues, sanguinary plot.
First permanent theaters:
The Theatre (J.Burbage, 1576)
outside the city walls.
The Globe and The Rose
(Shakespeare)
Official
documents tell
little about him.
Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)
���� Tamburlaine The Great, about
the conqueror Timur, from shepherd
to warrior
���� The Jew of Malta, about a Jew’s
revenge against the city authorities
����The Tragical History of
doctor Faustus, from a
German legend of a scholar’s
dealing with the devil.
Stratford-Upon-Avon (1564 -1616)
Sonnet 18
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate: ….
Poet and playwright , he is considered the
greatest writer in the English language.
�Tragedies: Hamlet ,Macbeth, King Lear, Othello and Romeo
and Juliet.
� Comedies: As You Like
It , Much Ado about
Nothing, A Midsummer’s Night Dream, The
Tempest, The Merchant Of Venice.
William Shakespeare
Shakespeare in paintings
Othello (1849) , E. Delacroix
Three Witches (1783) H. Fuseli
Titania and Bottom (1790)
H. FuseliJ. W. Waterhouse
Miranda –
the Tempest (1916)
Paintings
J. E. MillaisOphelia(1852)
MoviesMOVIES