The Choices We Make

The Texas We CreateFrances Deviney, Ph.D.

Texas Kids Count Director

Center for Public Policy Priorities

April 5, 2012

@cppp_tx#kidscount

What trail will Texas’ children follow?

@cppp_tx#kidscount

The U.S. added 2 million kids in last decade

United States2M

U.S. child pop grew by 2 million between 2000 and 2010 Decennial Census data, U.S. Census Bureau

@cppp_tx#kidscount

Texas accounted for half of that growth!

50%

U.S. child pop grew by 2 million between 2000 and 2010 Decennial Census data, U.S. Census Bureau

@cppp_tx#kidscount

2000 (5.9M)

2010

Texas added nearly ONE MILLION Kids

6.9 M

Source: 2000 and 2010 Decennial Census data, U.S. Census Bureau

Bexar Co grew to over 465,000 kids, with largest growth occurring in the Hispanic population

Anglo Black Hispanic Asian Other

104K

28K

251K

13K

100K

34K

320K

9K 3K

2000 2010

Source: 2000 and 2010 Decennial Census Data, U.S. Census Bureau

96%OF BEXAR CO

KIDS ARECITIZENS

2010 American Community Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Struggling from the Start

1 OF EVERY 7

BEXAR COBABIES BORNPRETERM

Texas Department of State Health Services

@cppp_tx#kidscount

Struggling from the Start

Percentage of BEXAR COBABIES BORN

Weighing less than 5.5 lbs

Up 24%2000-2008, Texas Department of State Health Services

Struggling from the Start

14.1%

16.8%1998

2008

Births to Bexar Co. teens going down

Texas Department of State Health Services@cppp_tx

#kidscount

Struggling from the Start

Of Bexar Co. babies born to teens, nearly 1 in 4 were born to teens who were already moms

24%

Texas Dept of State Health Svcs@cppp_tx

#kidscount

Struggling from the Start

26%OF BEXAR CO

BABIES BORN WITHOUT PRENATAL CARE

Texas Department of State Health Services

Choices: And to make matters worse . . .

• New state rule for Medicaid Women’s Health Program violates federal law

• We will lose 90% of funding

• On top of $73M statewide cut Family Planning Program

1 of every 7BEXAR COKIDS ARE

UNINSURED(15th best in state)

2009 Small Area Health Insurance Estimates

Public health insurance buffers loss of private health insurance for Texas kids

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

23

16

61

47

21

42

Private Health Insurance

Public Health Insurance

Uninsured

March supplement, Current Population Survey

Choices: Texas’ Public Policy Decisions Affect Whether Bexar Co.’s Kids Become and Stay Enrolled in Medicaid and CHIP

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

82K

Medicaid 106K

136K 134K

180K

CHIP 34K18K

38K

FAILED PRIVATIZA-TION ATTEMPT

LEADS TO CRISIS IN APPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH IN-

SURANCE

IMPROVED ELI-GIBILITY SYSTEM

Texas Health and Human Services Commission data & CPPP analysis of state policies@cppp_tx

#kidscount

Applying for Medicaid made simpler

CHIP launched

CHIP cuts in 2003 lead to loss of 16,000 on program by 2006

CHIP 12-mth eligibility reinstated

Texas’ poor and uninsured kids less likely to be in excellent/very good health

< Poverty 100-199% 200-399% 400% + FPL

59%

74%

85%93%

Uninsured Public Ins Private Ins.

58%

69%

90%

2007 National Survey of Children’s Health

We have made choices that cut older adult poverty by nearly two-thirds nationally

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

25%

17%14% 12%

9%

US poverty rates for people 65+, March supplement, Current Population Survey

We haven’t made the same commitment to reduce poverty for Texas kids

27%

15%

10%

KidsWorking

-age 65+

Poverty rates, March supplement, Current Population Survey@cppp_tx

#kidscount

Bexar Co. child poverty has held fairly steady; fluctuations coincide with unemployment

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

23%

Child Poverty25%

23%

25%

3.5%

Unemployment5.7% 4.2%

7.4%

Poverty: SAIPE, Unemployment: TWC

19,090 / year

To be considered “officially poor,” a family of three has to make less than

Source: 2012 Poverty Guidelines for a family of 3 with two related children under 18 years old

Work Supports actually do make a difference for kids!

22.5%18.2%

National Child Poverty Rates

Official Poverty Measure

Supplemental Poverty MeasureUS Census Bureau

@cppp_tx#kidscount

Choices: Income support for kids in the poorest families virtually eliminated

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

9.5%

Bexar Co.

4.7%

1.0%

7.5%

Texas 4.5%

1.4%

2003: Start of Texas’ full family sanctions

1996: Start of federal welfare reform

Texas Health and Human Services Commission

Choices: More Bexar Co. kids receiving food assistance (SNAP) thanks to improved enrollment system

2000 2010

11%

29%

Texas Health and Human Services Commission@cppp_tx

#kidscount

Choices: Expansion of Summer Food Program

Source: Texas Department of Agriculture. Summer food data is the average daily participation from summer 2010.

One of Every Four Texas Preschoolers Not Read to Regularly

Source: 2007 National Survey of Children’s Health from Annie E. Casey Foundation, KIDS COUNT Data Center

Choices: Increase in Bexar Co. 4-yr-olds in pre-k due, in part, to pre-k expansion grants

49%34%

Texas Education Agency@cppp_tx

#kidscount

Economically Disadvantaged kids who went to pre-k did better on their TAKS tests

Passed TAKS 3rd grade reading Passed TAKS 3rd grade math

83% 79%88% 85%

No Pre-K Pre-K

Analysis of TEA 2011 TAKS data by the Office of Rep. Mike Villarreal

Bexar Co. TAKS reading achievement gap shrinking

81%

94%

61%

83%GAP

20 points

11 points

Economically Disadvantaged

Not Economically Disadvantaged

2003 2011CPPP analysis of Texas Education Agency data

@cppp_tx#kidscount

Bexar Co. Dropouts: Still Not Great, But Improving

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

41%

37%

Attrition rate, Intercultural Development Research Association

In Texas, dropouts only make 36 cents for every dollar earned by college graduates

Median earnings for adults 25+ yrs by educational attainment, 2010 American Community Survey

Choices: Texas’ Educational Investment

46th Per pupil spending before

the cuts NCES, Kids Count Data Center@cppp_tx

#kidscount

Choices: We underfunded

public education by $5.3 Billion for

2012-13

CPPP analysis of data from the Legislative Budget Board

Choices:

Including the elimination of

CPPP analysis of data from the Legislative Budget Board

Pre-k expansion

grants

High school completion

grants

Department of Family and Protective Services

Child Protective Services:Our service of last resort

Nearly 5,915 Bexar County kids confirmed as abused or neglected in 2011

Department of Family and Protective Services

Choices: Helping support a safe home environment

70%of kids who receive child

protective services are served in their

homes Department of Family and Protective Services

Choices: When Bexar Co. kids are removed from their homes, fewer are going to foster care,

85%

69%

thanks to increased focus on

placing kids with relatives

Department of Family and Protective Services@cppp_tx

#kidscount

Even with more kids placed with relatives

Nearly

3,600

Bexar County children lived in foster care

Department of Family and Protective Services

Choices: Because we underfunded in-home services to save money, we may see a shift back to putting kids in Foster Care which, ironically may actually cause us to spend more than we saved because . . .

CPPP analysis of 2012-13 budget for Department of Family and Protective Services

Foster Care services cost 26X more per year than providing in-home or reunification services

$12,567 $481vs.

Foster CareIn-home and

Reunification ServicesAverage annual spending per year per child, DFPS

Texas Century for children

Cuts to KidsProvider rate cuts in Medicaid and

CHIP

Initiative to improve rural

health care

Community Mental Health services

State and community

mental health hospitals

Newborn health

screenings

Child abuse, neglect, and delinquency prevention

Children with special health care needs

Early Childhood Intervention

Foundation School Program

Community-based obesity prevention

Family Planning Services

Communities in Schools program

Financial support for Family Based

Services for abused kids

Texas House Speaker Joe Straus

"We have no choice, unless we want to continue to try to grow our

population and continue to shrink spending significantly," Straus said. "I

think at some point you can't cut your way to prosperity."

Oct 28, 2011, El Paso Times

Where do we go from here?

@cppp_tx#kidscount

Sustained & balanced investment is the key to

healthy child development and Texas’

future prosperity.

“It broke me down, emotionally and mentally, that I couldn’t provide for my family. We’d never been in a

situation like this before.”

“I’m working a good job. . . I’m spending more time with my kids.

For all the little things that I have, I am happy.”

Manuel Luna, 31, San Antonio

We know we can do big things.

It’s time to do the right thing.

Contact Information

Frances Deviney, PhDTexas KIDS COUNT

Director deviney@cppp.org

(512) 320-0222 ext. 106