Rome | 17 October 2016

Good news: The global community is taking notice

Why a report on climate, agriculture and food security?

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AT THE SAME TIME

For agriculture to adapt and contribute to mitigation, business as usual is not the answer

Climate change is already having an impact on

agriculture with severe implications for food security

The agriculture sectors contribute to climate change

with 21% of emissions

Climate change affects agricultural production

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0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

2090-2109(22)

2070-89(134)

2050-69(500)2030-49

(250)2010-29(184)

Projected changes in crop yields for all locations worldwide owning to climate change

Percentage of Yield Projections (n= 1090)

Serious implications from reductions in production and

productivity

Smallholder agriculture particularly vulnerable to climate change

risks and impacts

Rural women are among the most vulnerable

Climate change could increase in poverty by between 35 and

122 million people by 2030

No eradication of global poverty without resilient smallholder agriculture

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Integrated soil fertility management

Precision agriculture

Heat-tolerant crop varieties

No-till

Nitrogen-efficient crop varieties

-14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0

-4.4

-7.5

-7.8

-8.8

-12.0

Change in 2050 in the number of people at risk of hunger, relative to the baseline sce-nario, after adoption of selected improved agricultural technologies

Percentage difference in population at risk

Solutions exist: Improved production systems enhance food security

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Potential for mitigation exists, but varies by region

OECD- 1990 Latin America and Caribbean

Middle East and Africa

Asia0.0

200.0400.0600.0800.0

1000.01200.01400.0

Crop Livestock Forestry

Economic mitigation potential in the AFOLU sector in 2030, by regionEconomic mitigation potential (Gt CO2 eq/ year)

Note: Results reported for carbon prices of US$20 per tonne of CO2 eq

FAO Economic and Social Development Department

Significant potential for mitigation, but varies by region

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Mitigation and adaptation need not be “either or”

More efficient production and lower intensity of emissions Closing yield gaps (less inputs per unit of production) Increasing herd productivity (feed/output ratio)

Creating carbon-rich landscapes: In forests In agriculture

Food security can go hand in hand with mitigation

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Barriers to adoption of improved practices by smallholder farmers

InformationCredit access & resource endowmentsRisk and shocksGroups/ social capitalLand tenure securityLabour availability

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Changing farming practices: meeting the challenges

Interventions beyond farming practices are needed:

Diversification

Support to risk management – social protection

Reducing gender inequalities

Removing perverse incentives and harmful subsidies

Beyond the farm: Making livelihoods more resilient

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Emissions beyond the farm can be reduced:

Less losses and waste of food

More sustainable diets

Considering and assessing energy use in

modern food systems

Beyond the farm: GHG emissions’ reduction in food systems

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Paris Commitments to be translated into policies

NAPs to be integrated into agriculture, FSN policies

In climate finance :Addressing the capacity challenge

Financing the enabling environment for climate-smart agriculture

Mainstreaming climate change in domestic budgets

Unlocking private capital for climate-smart agricultural investment

Way Forward: Policies and Climate Finance

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The State of Food and Agriculture 2016Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

Available in:Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish

http://fao.org/publications/sofa

For more information…

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THE STATE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE

CLIMATE CHANGE, AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY