the spread of protestantism and the catholic response
TRANSCRIPT
The Spread of Protestantism and the Catholic Response
http://www.history.com/topics/reformation/videos#the-origins-of-calvinism
John Calvin and Calvinism
• In 1536, John Calvin published the Institutes of the Christian Religion. – A summary of Protestants doctrines
John Calvin and Calvinism
• Calvin’s beliefs were similar to Martin Luther
• But he believed another doctrine called predestination– Belief that God had determined in advance
who would be saved and who wouldn’t
John Calvin and Calvinism
• By mid-16th century, Calvinism had replaced Lutheranism as the most important form of Protestantism.
The Reformation in England http://www.history.com/videos/martin-luther-sparks-a-revolution#protestand-reformation-english-reformation
• King Henry VIII of England wanted to divorce his wife because she couldn’t have children
– Asked the pope to annul (declare invalid) the marriage
• The pope refused
The Reformation in England
• He got the annulment through the Church of England
• Then he asked Parliament to separate the Church in England from the pope in Rome– They agreed; making the king head of the
Church of England
The Reformation in England
• When Henry died, his son Edward VI took the throne– He was only 9, and
very sick
The Reformation in England
• During his reign, church officials took the Church of England in a Protestant direction
– Gave clergy the right to marry
– Created a new Protestant church service
The Catholic Reformation
• By mid-16th century, Protestantism was well established across Europe.
• The Catholic Church began a reformation of its own
The Catholic Reformation
• 3 factors brought about the Catholic Reformation
• The Jesuits
• Reform of the papacy
• The Council of Trent
The Jesuits
• They were servants of the pope
• Used education to spread their message– Very successful in
restoring Catholicism in Germany eastern Europe
Reform of the Papacy
• Paul III appointed a Reform Commission in 1537
– Responsible for restoring integrity to church offices
• They recognized that prior popes were to blame for a lot of the corruption