The Skeletal

System

Bones of the BodyCranium: Skull

Clavicle: Collar Bone

Patella: Knee Bone

Phalanges: Fingers

Vertebrae: Spine Bones

Patella: Knee

Femur: Upper Leg

Mandible: Jaw

Humerus: Upper Arm Bone

Scapula: Shoulder Blade

General Information- An infant has almost 300 bones when it is bornAn infant has almost 300 bones when it is born

- The adult skeleton has 206 bonesThe adult skeleton has 206 bones

WHY?WHY?

- The skeleton is split into two areas: the axial skeleton The skeleton is split into two areas: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeletonand the appendicular skeleton

The Axial Skeleton

- Consists of bones that form the axis of the body Consists of bones that form the axis of the body

- They support and protect the organs of the head, neck They support and protect the organs of the head, neck and trunkand trunk

- These bones include:These bones include:

Skull Ribs

Sternum Vertebral Column

Appendicular Skeleton

- Composed of bones that anchor appendages to the axial Composed of bones that anchor appendages to the axial skeletonskeleton

- These bones include:These bones include:

Humerus Femur

Clavicle Saccrum

Functions of the Skeletal SystemProtect vital organsProtect vital organs

Form rigid frameworkForm rigid framework

Works with muscular system to produce movementWorks with muscular system to produce movement

Produce blood cellsProduce blood cells

Act as a storage area for calcium and phosphorusAct as a storage area for calcium and phosphorus

Types of Bone

Long bone: long, tubular boneLong bone: long, tubular bone

Flat bone: flat, thin and broad boneFlat bone: flat, thin and broad bone

Short bone: cube shaped and spongy boneShort bone: cube shaped and spongy bone

Irregular bone: spongy bones that do not fit into the Irregular bone: spongy bones that do not fit into the other three categoriesother three categories

Types of Bones cont…Long bones include:Long bones include:

Short bones include:Short bones include:

Flat bones include:Flat bones include:

Irregular bones include:Irregular bones include:

- Femur, humerus, radius, ulna, tibia and the fibula

- Tarsal, metatarsal, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges

- Bones of the Cranium

- Vertebrae

Refresh your Memory…

1.1. How many bones are in an adult’s skeleton?How many bones are in an adult’s skeleton?

2.2. Why is this different to an infant? Why is this different to an infant?

3.3. What is the name of the two section of the skeleton?What is the name of the two section of the skeleton?

4.4. Name two bones from each section?Name two bones from each section?

5.5. Classify the following bones as long, short flat or irregular: Classify the following bones as long, short flat or irregular: vertebrae, tarsals, cranium, fibiavertebrae, tarsals, cranium, fibia

6.6. Name and explain one function of the skeletal system.Name and explain one function of the skeletal system.