the six kingdoms
TRANSCRIPT
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Bird’s Eyeview of the Living World
The Six Kingdom of Classifiction
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The History of Classification
• In the 1700’s, Linnaeus separated all life into 2 Kingdoms: Plants and Animals.
• More kingdoms added as knowledge of the diversity of organisms increased.
• We currently have 6 Kingdoms. • Remember: Kingdoms are the broadest taxon:
KPCOFGS
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Six Kingdoms in Taxonomy
organized according to type of cells, ability to make food, number of cells in body
1. Archaebacteria2. Eubacteria3. Protists4. Fungi5. Plants6. Animals
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Terminology
Getting foodautotrophs – make own foodhetertrophs – get food from other sources
Type of cellsprokaryotic – no nucleus, membrane bound organelles, DNA is circular (plasmid), do contain ribosomes, smallereukaryotic – with a nucleus and organelles, DNA in chromosomes, larger
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Terminology Continued
Body typeunicellular – made of only one cellmulticellular – made of more than one cell;
-have cells with special functions Reproduction
sexual – need male and female parentsasexual – need only one parent
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Kingdom Archaebacteria
Go to Section:
Cell Type Prokaryote
Number of Cells Unicellular
Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph
Location Extreme Environments Volcanoes, Deep Sea Vents, Yellowstone Hot Springs
Examples Methanogens Thermophiles
-”ancient bacteria”-existed before dinosaurs
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Extreme Environments
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Kingdom Eubacteria
Go to Section:
E. coli
Streptococcus
Cell Type Prokaryote
Number of Cells Unicellular
Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph
Examples Streptococcus, Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Chemical makeup is different from that of archaebacteria.
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A Typical Bacteria Cell
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Kingdom Protista
Go to Section:
Paramecium
Green algae
Amoeba
Cell Type Eukaryote
Number of Cells Most Unicellular, some multicellular
Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph
Examples Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena,
-“odds and ends” kingdom because its organisms are pretty different from one another
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A Typical Protist
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Kingdom Fungi
Go to Section:
Mildew on Leaf
Mushroom
Cell Type Eukaryote
Number of Cells Most multicelluar, some unicelluar
Nutrition Heterotroph
Example Mushroom, yeast, mildew, mold
Most Fungi are DECOMPOSERS
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FUNGI
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FUNGI includes:Unicellular Yeast
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A Typical Fungal Cell
Fungal Cells HAVE CELL WALLS !!!!
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Kingdom Plantae
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Ferns : seedless vascular
Sunflowers: seeds in flowers
Douglas fir: seeds in cones
Mosses growing on trees
Cell Type Eukaryote
Number of Cells Multicellular
Nutrition Autotroph
Examples Mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants
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Typical Plant Cell
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Kingdom Animalia
Go to Section:
Sage grouse
Poison dart frog
Bumble bee
Sponge
Jellyfish
Hydra
Cell Type Eukaryote
Number of Cells Multicellular
Nutrition Heterotroph
Examples Sponges, worms, insects, fish, mammals
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Typical Animal Cell
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The Six Kingdoms Review
• Eubacteria- “true” bacteria (prokaryotic)• Archaebacteria – “ancient” bacteria (prokaryotic”• Protista – WEIRD organisms!!!! (eukaryotic)• Fungi – digest dead or decaying matter (eukaryotic)• Plantae - stationary, photosynthetic (eukaryotic)• Animalia – mobile heterotrophs (eukaryotic)