the six kingdoms
TRANSCRIPT
Bird’s Eyeview of the Living World
The Six Kingdom of Classifiction
The History of Classification
• In the 1700’s, Linnaeus separated all life into 2 Kingdoms: Plants and Animals.
• More kingdoms added as knowledge of the diversity of organisms increased.
• We currently have 6 Kingdoms. • Remember: Kingdoms are the broadest taxon:
KPCOFGS
Six Kingdoms in Taxonomy
organized according to type of cells, ability to make food, number of cells in body
1. Archaebacteria2. Eubacteria3. Protists4. Fungi5. Plants6. Animals
Terminology
Getting foodautotrophs – make own foodhetertrophs – get food from other sources
Type of cellsprokaryotic – no nucleus, membrane bound organelles, DNA is circular (plasmid), do contain ribosomes, smallereukaryotic – with a nucleus and organelles, DNA in chromosomes, larger
Terminology Continued
Body typeunicellular – made of only one cellmulticellular – made of more than one cell;
-have cells with special functions Reproduction
sexual – need male and female parentsasexual – need only one parent
Kingdom Archaebacteria
Go to Section:
Cell Type Prokaryote
Number of Cells Unicellular
Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph
Location Extreme Environments Volcanoes, Deep Sea Vents, Yellowstone Hot Springs
Examples Methanogens Thermophiles
-”ancient bacteria”-existed before dinosaurs
Extreme Environments
Kingdom Eubacteria
Go to Section:
E. coli
Streptococcus
Cell Type Prokaryote
Number of Cells Unicellular
Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph
Examples Streptococcus, Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Chemical makeup is different from that of archaebacteria.
A Typical Bacteria Cell
Kingdom Protista
Go to Section:
Paramecium
Green algae
Amoeba
Cell Type Eukaryote
Number of Cells Most Unicellular, some multicellular
Nutrition Autotroph or Heterotroph
Examples Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena,
-“odds and ends” kingdom because its organisms are pretty different from one another
A Typical Protist
Kingdom Fungi
Go to Section:
Mildew on Leaf
Mushroom
Cell Type Eukaryote
Number of Cells Most multicelluar, some unicelluar
Nutrition Heterotroph
Example Mushroom, yeast, mildew, mold
Most Fungi are DECOMPOSERS
FUNGI
FUNGI includes:Unicellular Yeast
A Typical Fungal Cell
Fungal Cells HAVE CELL WALLS !!!!
Kingdom Plantae
Go to Section:
Ferns : seedless vascular
Sunflowers: seeds in flowers
Douglas fir: seeds in cones
Mosses growing on trees
Cell Type Eukaryote
Number of Cells Multicellular
Nutrition Autotroph
Examples Mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants
Typical Plant Cell
Kingdom Animalia
Go to Section:
Sage grouse
Poison dart frog
Bumble bee
Sponge
Jellyfish
Hydra
Cell Type Eukaryote
Number of Cells Multicellular
Nutrition Heterotroph
Examples Sponges, worms, insects, fish, mammals
Typical Animal Cell
The Six Kingdoms Review
• Eubacteria- “true” bacteria (prokaryotic)• Archaebacteria – “ancient” bacteria (prokaryotic”• Protista – WEIRD organisms!!!! (eukaryotic)• Fungi – digest dead or decaying matter (eukaryotic)• Plantae - stationary, photosynthetic (eukaryotic)• Animalia – mobile heterotrophs (eukaryotic)