the seven years war

16
The Seven Years War •1754-1763 A Study of The “First World War”

Upload: viveka

Post on 16-Jan-2016

113 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

The Seven Years War. 1754-1763 A Study of The “First World War”. French Colonization. 1.France claimed colonies in the interior of North America (New France, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River Valley) and in the Caribbean. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: The Seven Years War

The Seven Years War• 1754-1763

A Study of

The “First World War”

Page 2: The Seven Years War

French Colonization1.France claimed colonies in the interior of

North America (New France, the Great Lakes, and the Ohio River Valley) and in the Caribbean.

2.France secured alliances with the Huron Tribes, and vowed to help them fight against the Iroquois, an ally of the British.

Page 3: The Seven Years War

Tensions Escalate1. Both the French and the British seek

trade with Native Tribes and work to expand the fur trade.

2. Both the French and the British arm their Native American allies with weapons.

3. British colonists move into the Ohio River Valley, claimed by France.

4. The French build forts in the Ohio River Valley to keep the British out.

Page 4: The Seven Years War

King William’s War

• From 1688-1754 three wars raged across Europe and the world

1.King William’s War (1689-1697): The French invade NY, while the British invade and attack Port Royal, Nova Scotia. Both areas are returned in the Peace of Rijswijk (1697)

Page 5: The Seven Years War

Queen Anne’s War

• Fought from 1702-1713

• Known as the War of Spanish Succession

• Fighting spread from South Carolina and St. Augustine, FL to Cuba.

• Settled in Treaty of Utrecht (1713)

• England wins Nova Scotia from France, and Gibraltar, and Minorca from Spain.

Page 6: The Seven Years War

King George’s War

• France and Spain allied against England in what is called the War of Austrian Succession. (1744-1748)

• New Englanders attack and capture Louisbourg, which is at the mouth of the St. Lawrence River, the main supply line for Montreal and Quebec.

• In the end, Louisbourg is returned to France.

Page 7: The Seven Years War

George Washington• As British colonists moved into

the Ohio River Valley, France began building forts to prevent further expansion.

(Ft. Duquesne)

• In 1754 the Governor of Virginia, Robert Dinwiddie, commissioned Maj. George Washington to deliver a message to the French stating that England would begin building their own forts.

Page 8: The Seven Years War

The Spark

• Maj. Washington approaches Ft. Duquesne, to inform the French of British intensions.

• French and British forces encounter each other in an armed fight, and Washington and his men kill the French Ambassador.

• Fleeing to Fort Necessity, Washington is forced to surrender to the French, expanding the war to North America.

Page 9: The Seven Years War

Taking Sides

• France, Spain, Austria & Russia

England and Prussia

vs.

• Fighting took place from the West Indies, North America, Europe, and Asia.

• Do to a lack of resources; (population and supplies) France cannot defend North America.

Page 10: The Seven Years War

The Albany Plan• Created by Benjamin Franklin,

the Albany Plan of Union meant to unite the colonies in fighting the French.

• Would allow the colonies:

1. To raise their own taxes

2. Raise their own armies

3. Build forts

4. Wage war on the French

5. Build settlements/towns

6. Treaties with Native tribes.

Page 11: The Seven Years War

Join or Die

Page 12: The Seven Years War

Early in the War

• British lose General Braddock in fight outside Ft. Duquesne

• British launch full attack by invading Canada in 1756.

• British expel Acadians to Louisiana where they become Cajuns.

Page 13: The Seven Years War

William Pitt• The “Great

Commoner.”• Focused British energy

on conquering

1. Louisburg

2. Montreal

3. Quebec

Page 14: The Seven Years War

The Battles

1. Fort Duquesne (1758)

2. Crown Point & Fort Ticonderoga (1759)

3. Quebec (1759)

• British General Wolfe, and French General, Montcalm are both killed.

4. Montreal (1760)

Page 15: The Seven Years War

The Treaty of Paris 1763Signed in Paris in 1763

1. Britain defeats France

2. Britain wins control of all of North America east of the Mississippi River.

3. Spain gains New Orleans, and land west of the Mississippi River

4. France gains sugar plantations in West Indies.

5. Britain wins colonization rights in India.

6. French are bitter about loss, want revenge.

Page 16: The Seven Years War

North America, 1763