The Roaring 20’sThe Roaring 20’sAn era of prosperity,An era of prosperity,

disparity, disparity,

and conflictand conflict

1920's collectively known as the "Roaring 20's", or the 1920's collectively known as the "Roaring 20's", or the "Jazz Age“"Jazz Age“

Period represents a great period of social, economic Period represents a great period of social, economic and political change for Canadiansand political change for Canadians

for first time for first time the census reflected an urban societythe census reflected an urban society - - people had moved into cities to enjoy a higher standard people had moved into cities to enjoy a higher standard of livingof living

AgeAge of Prosperityof Prosperity Economic expansionEconomic expansion Mass Production Mass Production Assembly LineAssembly Line Age of the AutomobileAge of the Automobile

Ailing Agriculture…Ailing Agriculture…

an an agricultural depressionagricultural depression in in early 1920's contributed to this early 1920's contributed to this urban migrationurban migration

Cdn. farmers lost agri. markets Cdn. farmers lost agri. markets in postwar Europein postwar Europe

at same time agricultural at same time agricultural efficiency increased so more efficiency increased so more food produced (more food = food produced (more food = lower prices) and fewer lower prices) and fewer labourers neededlabourers needed

farming was no longer as farming was no longer as prosperous, and bankers called prosperous, and bankers called in their loans (farms in their loans (farms repossessed)repossessed)

Canadian farmers entered the Canadian farmers entered the Depression in advance of the Depression in advance of the rest of societyrest of society

Consumer EconomyConsumer Economy

Culture of the Roaring 20’sCulture of the Roaring 20’sRadio

KDKA PittsburghGE, Westinghouse,&

RCA formed NBC- American culture invaded Canada

Silent Movies starringCharlie Chaplin

“Talkies”The Jazz SingerStarring Al Jolson

Mary Pickford“America’s Sweetheart” -from Toronto!

CelebritiesCelebrities

Charles Lindbergh The Spirit of St. Louis

Babe RuthLionel Conacher

King Clancy

Bobbie Rosenfeld

The 20’s The 20’s isis The Jazz AgeThe Jazz AgeThe Flappers

make upcigarettes

short skirts

MusiciansLouis ArmstrongDuke Ellington

WritersF. Scott FitzgeraldErnest Hemingway

1920's also brought about 1920's also brought about great changes for great changes for women...women...

1918 gave them the 1918 gave them the federal federal votevote

after 1920, social after 1920, social circumstances changed as circumstances changed as more women worked more women worked outside the homeoutside the home

more women went to more women went to university and clamoured to university and clamoured to join the professionsjoin the professions

women didn't want to women didn't want to sacrifice wartime gains - sacrifice wartime gains - amounted to a social revoltamounted to a social revolt

characterized by the characterized by the FLAPPER/ "new woman"FLAPPER/ "new woman"– (bobbed hair, short dresses, (bobbed hair, short dresses,

smoked in public...)smoked in public...)

for immigrants – the point of origin for immigrants – the point of origin had shifted to S & E Europe and new had shifted to S & E Europe and new religions appeared: Judaism, religions appeared: Judaism, Orthodox Christianity, CatholicismOrthodox Christianity, Catholicism

N. European immigrants of early 19c. N. European immigrants of early 19c. feared this shift and felt it would feared this shift and felt it would undermine Protestant valuesundermine Protestant values

many wanted Parliament to restrict many wanted Parliament to restrict immigration, leading to a quota immigration, leading to a quota system that favoured northern areas system that favoured northern areas of Europeof Europe

fear of immigrants (from SE Europe) fear of immigrants (from SE Europe) led to a sentiment known as the Red led to a sentiment known as the Red Scare (fear of communism from Scare (fear of communism from Russian Revolution)Russian Revolution)

basic communism advocates an int'l basic communism advocates an int'l revolution by the revolution by the proletariatproletariat/workers - /workers - fear that this ideology could find its fear that this ideology could find its way into Canadaway into Canada

The Ku Klux KlanThe Ku Klux Klan Great increase

In powerAnti-black

Anti-immigrant

Anti-women’s suffrage

Anti-bootleggers

Anti-Semitic

Anti-Catholic

Chapters in Canada!

Scopes “Monkey” TrialScopes “Monkey” TrialEvolution vs. Creationism

Dayton, Tennessee

Science vs. Religion

John ScopesHigh School Biology teacher

ProhibitionProhibition

Gangsters

Al Capone

PROHIBITION - on PROHIBITION - on manufacture and sale of manufacture and sale of alcoholalcohol

an outgrowth of the long-time an outgrowth of the long-time temperance movementtemperance movement

in WWI, temperance became a in WWI, temperance became a patriotic movement - patriotic movement - drunkenness caused low drunkenness caused low productivity & inefficiency, productivity & inefficiency, and alcohol needed to treat the and alcohol needed to treat the wounded wounded

a difficult law to enforce... a difficult law to enforce... organized crime, speakeasies, organized crime, speakeasies, bootleggers were on the risebootleggers were on the rise

Al Capone virtually controlled Al Capone virtually controlled Chicago in this period Chicago in this period

Provinces ended prohibition Provinces ended prohibition between 1920 and 1930 (PEI between 1920 and 1930 (PEI 1948); USA ended it 1933.1948); USA ended it 1933.

"Rum-running" lucrative"Rum-running" lucrative

Reflection Time!Reflection Time!

Questions to consider:Questions to consider:To what extent did the “roaring twenties” To what extent did the “roaring twenties”

actually roar? Was it $$ and good times for actually roar? Was it $$ and good times for all?all?

Who benefited?Who benefited?Who suffered?Who suffered?

What do you think were the causes of the What do you think were the causes of the Great Depression and the “Dirty Great Depression and the “Dirty

Thirties”?Thirties”?