The Rise of the Roman Catholic Church

Dark Ages: The Rise of Christianity• The word Catholic derives from the Middle English word

'catholik' and from the Old French 'catholique' and the Latin word 'catholicus' meaning universal or whole.

• During the Dark Ages Christianity was represented by the Roman Catholic Church.

• The Catholic Church was the dominant religion and source of power in Europe.

• The Roman Catholic Church controlled religion, philosophy, morals, politics, art and education following the collapse of the Roman Empire in 476AD.

• Following the collapse of the Roman Empire, the Roman Church provides; structure, education, faith, community, power or influence, and wealth.

Rise of Christianity in Ancient Rome

• Following his success at the Battle of Milvian Bridge, the Emperor Constantine in 313AD passed the Edict of Milan which declared the Roman Empire neutral to religious views.

• The Edict of Milan was an important step in legalising Christianity and providing Christians the freedom to practice and spread their faith.

• Constantine also converted to Christianity during his reign as Emperor.

Constantine and the Church

• Constantine considered himself the patron of the Christian faith.

• Constantine supported the Church; Financially, loans and gifts; Had Basilicas and churches built; Promoted Christians to high ranking offices; Exempt religious clergy from certain taxes; Gave the Church land and property.

Church Organisation• The Church was controlled by the Bishop of

Rome (Pope), who was elected by Cardinals (and still is today).

• The Roman Catholic Church had its own lands and wealth. They also imposed their own taxes and laws across Europe.

• The Church sent missionaries throughout Europe. These missionaries established monasteries in communities

The Monasteries • St Benedict introduced Monastic Rule around 500AD. • Monastic rule was important in the early structure of the

Catholic Church. Monasteries acted as a bastion of Christianity.

• A monastery complex typically comprises a number of buildings which include a church, dormitory, cloister, refectory, library, balneary (baths) and infirmary (hospital).

• Monastery were centres of intellectual progression and education.

• Welcomed aspiring priests to come study and learn, allowing them even to challenge doctrine in dialogue with superiors.

• Monasteries cared for travellers and people in the community tending to injuries or emotional needs.

Christianity and Great Leaders

• We have already looked at two leaders that converted to Christianity:

Alfred the Great (King of Wessex) Clovis I (King of the Salic Franks)• There are many more, including one famous

individual that helped spread Christianity: Charlemagne (King of the Frankish Empire

and Holy Roman Emperor)