THE RISE OF NATIONS: FRANCE & ENGLAND

Summary Hundred Years War

England & France established their identities Fought occasionally between 1337 & 1453 Began as a feudal war – developed two

powerful & united countries Social Change

Growing cities Limits on Kings power New Military weapons Gender roles were more closely defined

The Hundred Years’ War1337 – 1453

England and France (What was it) fought over English claims to the French land and throne

116 years of infrequent warfare

England won every important battleExcept the last one

The Hundred Years’ WarCauses

1. Power struggle between Nobles and Kings2. Economic competition over the rich wool-producing towns

3. The war presented many opportunities for honor, advancement, and wealth for nobles

France & England during The 100 Years War

The Hundred Years’ War• Importance

1. Nationalism grows: Both countries hated the other country2. Military: The longbow and cannon were used for the first time 3. France won the war: French king became more powerful, English King lost power

The Hundred Years’ War• Consequences

1. Economies: businesses where the battles were fought were devastated

2. Unification: England and France were more united as countries

3. Growth of cities4. French Kings power was made stronger, English king was limited by the Magna Carta

JOAN OF ARCJoan of Arc

French peasant girl, 16 years old, Cut her hair, Wore men’s clothes, Claimed to hear directly from God, Tried and executed by the English for witchcraft and heresy

Importance: Her leadership inspired the soldiers of France, she is now considered a Saint in France

The Magna CartaThe Magna Carta• England, limitations on royal power by restricting judicial powers of the king and granted trial by jury

Parliament became more powerful