the puritans intro to the crucible “puritans came to the new world seeking religious freedom.”...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Puritans
Intro to The Crucible
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“Puritans came to the new world seeking religious
freedom.”
• Not really.
• Most people who came to the new world did so out of desperation, not a notion of moving to paradise or an easier life.
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Religious Freedom -- Freedom from what?
• Persecution from church officials
• Persecution from state officials
• Corruption in church practices and politics
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Martin Luther’s 95 Theses, 1517
• salvation based on faith alone--it is directly between the individual and God, it did not require the help of priests or church ritual (indulgences)
• the Bible, not the church, is the ultimate authority, and people should interpret the Bible for themselves
• all humans are equal in the eyes of God, priests/cardinals etc. are not special, there is no ordained hierarchy
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The Protestant Reformation
• Beginning of secular Christianity
• Martin Luther, John Calvin, et. al.
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The Protestant Reformation• Religious conflict spreads throughout Europe, giving Puritans
hope and then dashing that hope
• Henry VIII breaks from Rome and founds the Anglican Church
• Puritans claimed that Henry’s break was not enough
• Edward allows reformers to begin to reshape the church
• “Bloody Mary” returns England to Catholicism
• Elizabeth I returns England to Protestantism, but not to reform(she also crushes the Irish rebellion -- and because she returned Britain to Protestantism, religion is added to the English/Irish conflict)
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Why come to America?• Many Puritans accepted a chance to move to the new
colonies rather than fight Mary/Elizabeth, and remain a part of the chaos in Europe
• America was not a paradise or an easy place to live
• No one who had a good life in Europe came to the new world
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The Puritan Mission
• Believed God gave them the opportunity to move to the new world
• Left for the new world “. . . on a mission from God”
• “City on a Hill”
-- all of this creates tremendous pressure for the Puritans to live under
-- if their society fails, they are failing God
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Puritan Beliefs
• The Devil wants to ruin God’s successes
• Since the Devil hasn’t been found in Europe, he must live in . . . the New World
• The Devil uses witches and witchcraft to do his work
• Puritans strongly believed in witchcraft as a way to explain the supernatural
-- the Puritans were a paranoid society, always looking over their shoulder for evidence of the Devil’s work (witchcraft)