The Protists The Protists You will be able to explain how You will be able to explain how

protists are similar and different protists are similar and different than other the pathogens.than other the pathogens.

Review: Prokaryote (Bacteria Cell)Review: Prokaryote (Bacteria Cell)

Can Not See NucleusCan Not See Nucleus Much smaller than Much smaller than

Eukaryote cellsEukaryote cells No visible organellesNo visible organelles Contains DNA and Contains DNA and

RNARNA

Eukaryote Cells: Protists and FungiEukaryote Cells: Protists and Fungi

Much largerMuch larger Can See Nucleus (Brain Can See Nucleus (Brain

of Cell) and organellesof Cell) and organelles Complex cell can do Complex cell can do

more than Prokayotesmore than Prokayotes Has Specialized Has Specialized

Functions in multi-cellular Functions in multi-cellular organismsorganisms

Contains DNA and RNAContains DNA and RNA DNA mainly in nucleusDNA mainly in nucleus

Protist CharacteristicsProtist Characteristics Much larger than bacteria and Much larger than bacteria and

virusesviruses Most Heterotrophs- need food Most Heterotrophs- need food

sourcesource Made up of eukaryote cells—Made up of eukaryote cells—

You can see nucleus and You can see nucleus and organelles (unlike prokaryote organelles (unlike prokaryote bacteria)bacteria)

Most unicellular but some are Most unicellular but some are multi-cellular multi-cellular

Only found in moist Only found in moist environments (water)environments (water)

Reproduce using Fission Reproduce using Fission (cloning/asexual) and Fussion (cloning/asexual) and Fussion (conjucation/sexual)(conjucation/sexual)

Amoeba

Nucleus

Nucleus

Psuedopodia

Protist Pathogens: AmeobaProtist Pathogens: Ameoba Eukaryote- can See Eukaryote- can See

organelles and Nucleusorganelles and Nucleus Move with PseudopodiaMove with Pseudopodia Found in bottom in the Found in bottom in the

sediment of most water sediment of most water systemssystems

Engulfs food by Engulfs food by surrounding itsurrounding it

Causes diseases such as Causes diseases such as malaria, and dysentery malaria, and dysentery and rare form eats brain and rare form eats brain of humans!of humans!

Nucleus

Pseudopodia

Protist Pathogens: TrypanosomesProtist Pathogens: Trypanosomes

Eukaryote- can See Eukaryote- can See Nucleus and Nucleus and organellesorganelles

Insect borne (Vectors) Insect borne (Vectors) pathogenspathogens

Feed off of Human Feed off of Human Blood Cells or Blood Cells or Nervous CellsNervous Cells

Most FatalMost Fatal

Red Tide

Protist Close upProtist Close up

Eukaryote- can see Eukaryote- can see Nucleus and Nucleus and organellesorganelles

Trypansomes have Trypansomes have long tail called long tail called flagellumflagellum

Ameobas do Not Ameobas do Not have Flagellumhave Flagellum

Protist or Protozoans: 4 Basic Protist or Protozoans: 4 Basic TraitsTraits

Most Animal likeMost Animal likeLack cell walls and most heterotrophicLack cell walls and most heterotrophicMove with cilia, pseudopodia (little feet) or Move with cilia, pseudopodia (little feet) or

flagellumflagellumFound mainly in waterFound mainly in waterCause Diseases such as Malaria and Cause Diseases such as Malaria and

DysenteryDysenteryMalaria videoMalaria video

Closing of MicrolifeClosing of Microlife

How do we protect How do we protect ourselves from these ourselves from these pathogens?pathogens?

VirusVirus BacteriaBacteria ProtistsProtists Mold/FungiMold/Fungi

What type of What type of medicines work medicines work against them?against them?

VaccinesVaccines AntibioticsAntibiotics Chlorine in waterChlorine in water Antifungal medicinesAntifungal medicines

What makes pathogens What makes pathogens dangerous?dangerous?

Fact One:Fact One:How easily it spreads from organism to How easily it spreads from organism to

organism (person to person)organism (person to person)Fact Two:Fact Two:How rapidly can the Pathogen reproduce How rapidly can the Pathogen reproduce

itselfitself

Preventing Spread of DiseasePreventing Spread of Disease

Active Immunity- your body is producing Active Immunity- your body is producing antibodies to fight it off. (Vaccine or prior antibodies to fight it off. (Vaccine or prior exposure)exposure)

Passive Immunity- you are injected with Passive Immunity- you are injected with antibodies from another organism to fight it antibodies from another organism to fight it off; allows time for your body to find and off; allows time for your body to find and make antibodies before you become illmake antibodies before you become ill

BiotechnologyBiotechnology

Biotechnology- use of living organisms to Biotechnology- use of living organisms to produce products for human use.produce products for human use.

Products can be such as genetically altered food Products can be such as genetically altered food such as milk, corn, and tomatoessuch as milk, corn, and tomatoes

Piggybacked viruses, using a harmless virus to Piggybacked viruses, using a harmless virus to produce capsid of a more harmful one. Idea is produce capsid of a more harmful one. Idea is that harmless virus will makes “protein coat” of that harmless virus will makes “protein coat” of harmful one so that your body could make harmful one so that your body could make antibodies for the “bad one”antibodies for the “bad one”