The Progress of PHENIX RPC The Progress of PHENIX RPC Production in ChinaProduction in China

Shouyang HU Xiaomei LIShouyang HU Xiaomei LIScience and Technology Science and Technology

on Nuclear Data Laboratoryon Nuclear Data LaboratoryChina Institute of Atomic EnergyChina Institute of Atomic Energy

2011. 082011. 08

OutlineOutline

1.Motivation of the PHENIX Forward Upgrade1.Motivation of the PHENIX Forward Upgrade2.The Start of PHENIX-RPC in China2.The Start of PHENIX-RPC in China3.Laboratory Construction and RPC Production 3.Laboratory Construction and RPC Production

at CIAEat CIAE4.Position Sensitive RPC R&D4.Position Sensitive RPC R&D5. Summary5. Summary

1. Motivation of the PHENIX 1. Motivation of the PHENIX Forward UpgradeForward Upgrade

W production at PP collision

lvWpp

)()(

)()(1

WNWN

WNWN

PAWL

)()()()(

)()()()(

2121

2121

xuxdxdxu

xuxdxdxuAWL

W production at PP collision

(a)

(b)

1)(/)(~

WWL yxuxuA

PHENIX Forward Upgrade

Add RPC ( Resistive Plate Chamber) as a fast muon trigger to study the quark-gluon structure of the proton by observing W-bosons from colliding polarized proton beams at RHIC.

.

1.a fast online measurement of the muon momentum to reject low momentum muons from hadron decays in jets

2.on a coarse timing measurements to remove background correlated with the incoming proton beam bunches.

PHENIX Forward Upgrade

PHENIX Trigger Needs

Design Luminosity√s = 500 GeV σ=60mb L = 2x1032/cm2/s

Total rate ＝ 12MHz

DAQ LIMIT

=1-2kHz （ for μ arm ）

Required RF~ 10,000

RF~ 250-500 (√s= 200 GeV ) )is inadequate

2.The Start of PHENIX-RPC in China2.The Start of PHENIX-RPC in China

First RPC Prototype Made by PKU in 2005First RPC Prototype Made by PKU in 2005

Size: 43×43 × 0.6 cm3

Graphite coat: 40 × 40 cm2 Double gas-gaps: 2 mm each Read-out strip placed between the two gas-gaps bakelite resistivity: ~ 10 10- 10 12 cm

Beam Test at RHIC Run5

RPC1RPC2

•RPC1 Grounded to Platform•RPC2 Grounded to MUID Gas Panel

Pre-QM2006 PHENIX Collaboration Meeting in Suzhou

The Tasks of PHENIX Groups

GSU UIUC Korea Uni. CIAE

Prototype Development & QA

Gas mixingPosition resolution

ChamberProduction

R&DModule Parts Assembly &QA

3.Laboratory Construction and 3.Laboratory Construction and RPC Production at CIAERPC Production at CIAE

Main goals:Train students and technicians for future QA and assembly

Test prototypes

Research & Development

Laboratory construction at CIAELaboratory construction at CIAE

Prototypes made by CIAE (No.1)

Two prototypes: The resistivitiesresistivities of the bakelites of prototypes are around 1012cm.The sizes are same as PHENIX RPC2A design.

Prototypes made by CIAE (No.2)

The upstream of Prototype No.2 is separated into two parts and

the readout strips are jointed with ground by matched resistances.

The Way to Improve RPC Time ResolutionThe Way to Improve RPC Time Resolution

1. Surface smoothness of bakelite and Graphite coat

2. The choice of bakelite resistivity

3. The ratio of gas mixture &HV

4. The design of readout electrode

PHENIX reqirement:2.0ns Our Prototype:1.5ns in average

Supporting layersThe RPC test multilayer ： 2.0×1.0×0.8 m3, 9 detector supporting layers in total, can test 5-7 RPCs at the same time.

Has equipped gas system, electronics and DAQ system.

Gas System and Electronics

The Set-up of RPC Muon Test

RPC

Plastic scintillator

Plastic scintillator

F134a

C4H10

SF6

Gas system

CFD

CFD

CFD

Logical unit

Start stop

TACMCAcomputer

HV

DGG

DGG

Ns-delay line

preampl i fi er

oscilloscope

Comparing the Signals from Avalanche Mode and Streamer Mode

Avalanche mode Streamer modeRPC working voltage=9800V RPC working voltage=10200V

The chambers have high noises from 9000V to 9800 V

Time Resolution Test at CIAETime Resolution Test at CIAE

We changed HV and the ratio of the gases to study time resolution.

For different gas mixtures, we got best time resolutions at different HVs.

The HV of the best resolution moves ahead as the ratio of SF6 increases

Production of RPC for PHENIX

• CIAE has made 7 batchs of RPC module parts including box, readout-strips and support frame for PHENIX.

• On time with high level

Installation of RPC detectors at PHENIX

Summer 2009+2010

Summer 2012

Summer 2014

R

P

C

RPC 3

North & South

RPC 1

North & South

RPC 2

North & South?

Time Line

Acknowledgement from PHENIXAcknowledgement from PHENIX Project Project ManagerManager

Awards

• RPC R&D and productions+Simulations (Direct photon, heat capacity)

• We published 12 papers finished by CIAE alone and 30 papers collaborted with PHENIX on RHIC physics during last four years.

• Award:First Prize in Scientific and Technological Achievement Award at CIAE

• applying for Awards: Award of CNNC (China National Nuclear corporation)and Award of Peking.

4.Position Sensitive RPC R&D4.Position Sensitive RPC R&D

The design of position sensitive RPC

横向读出条

密 胺 膜

石 墨 层 (接 地 )

P E T 膜 (0 .3 m m )

纵 向 读 出 条 (P V C + A l 条 )

垫 片 (2 m m ,Φ = 1 0 m m )

P E T 膜 (0 .3 m m )

阻 抗 板 (2 m m )

PET 膜

接高压

石 墨 层 (接 高 压 )

防 护 板 （ 1 0 0 × 1 2 0c m ）

1. A crossing in the shape of an “X” of readout strips. 2.Two working modes(Avalanche & Streamer)

Prototype of Position Sensitive RPC

Summary

• China group participates PHENIX Forward Upgrade.

• CIAE made RPC R&D and 7 batches of RPC module parts for PHENIX, which have been installed in PHENIX. We are also making data analysis on pi0 .

• R&D of Position sensitive RPC

• We acknowledge the support of NSFC.