the pharynx
DESCRIPTION
The pharynx. The pharynx. Anatomy of The pharynx Site. Seen from behind. Midline of the neck From skull base to esophagus In front of upper 6 Cervical vertebra. Behind : The Nose The Mouth The larynx. Irregular Fibromuscular tube lined by mucous membrane Length: 15 cm. Shape. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The pharynxThe
pharynx
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Anatomy of The pharynx Site
Midline of the neckFrom skull base to esophagusIn front of upper 6 Cervical vertebra
Behind :The Nose
The MouthThe larynx
Seen from behind
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Shape
Irregular Fibromuscular tube lined by mucous membrane
Length: 15 cm
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Relation
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Anterior
surface of the
pharynx
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the pharynxCompartments
• Nasopharynx• Oropharynx• Laryngopharynx (Hypopharynx)
Seen from behind
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• Nasopharynx• Oropharynx• Laryngopharynx (Hypopharynx)
Seen from lateral
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Muscles of the pharynx
• Circular muscles: Superior, middle and inferior constrictor muscles.• Longitudinal muscles:
stylopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus
• All muscles of the pharynx innerveated by cranial root of accessory nerve except stylopharyngeus which is supplied by glossopharyngeus nerve
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Extention
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Three constrictor
cricopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus
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Nasopharynx -Behind the nasal cavity-Extends from skull Base superiorly to the soft palate inferiorly- Communicates
inferiorly with the oropharynx through the pharyngeal isthmus
- The nasopharyngeal tonsil lies in the roof
- The pharyngeal opening of ET lies in the lateral wall
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Nasopharynx (important landmarks)
• The pharyngeal isthmus• Opening of auditory tube
and tubal elevation• The salpingopharyngeal
fold
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Nasopharynx
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Oropharynx Behind the oral cavity (in front
of 2nd&3rd Cervical vertebra)From the soft palate superiorly
to tip of epiglottis inferiorly
Communicates: Anteriorly with the oral cavity Superiorly with the
nasopharynx Inferiorly with the
laryngopharynxThe paatine tonsils lie laterallybetween the anterior and
posteriorpilars
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Oropharynx (lateral wall)
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• Median epiglottis fold vallecula lateral epiglottis fold
The floor
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laryngopharynx Behind the Larynx (in front of
3rd to 6th Cervical vertebra)
From the tip of epiglottis superiorly to
the lower border of cricoid cartilage
Inferiorly
Communicates:- Anteriorly with the Larynx- Superiorly with the
oropharynx- Inferiorly with the
esophagus
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The hypopharynx does not only
lie behind the larynx BUT also
Projects laterally on each side of the larynx
So it is formed of :- Postcricoid region
( behind the larynx)- Two pyriform fossa (on
each side of the larynx
Seen from behind
Cross section
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laryngopharynx
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Blood supply
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What is Waldeyer’s ring?
The lymphoid tissue in the
pharyngeal aponeurosisaggregates in some areasforming tonsils:1-one nasopharyngeal
tonsil2- two palatine tonsils3- two lingual tonsils4-two tubal tonsils
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Lymph drainag
e
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Nerve suppl
y
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Nerve SupplyMotor ---► XI Except : Stylopharyngeus --►IX
Sensory --►- Nasopharynx: V- Oropharynx: IX- Laryngopharynx: X Autonomic:- sympathetic: SCG- Parasympathetic: through VII
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Palatine tonsils1.Defintion2.Site3.Covering4.Variability in size5.Blood supply6.Lymph drainage
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The anterior pillar formed by
palatoglossus muscleThe posterior pillar formed
By palatopharyngeus mThe tonsils lie between the
Two pillars
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