the norwegian noise annoyance calculations. 2 background the national target for noise reduction: by...
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The Norwegian Noise The Norwegian Noise Annoyance CalculationsAnnoyance Calculations
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Background
• The national target for noise reduction: By 2010 noise annoyance shall be reduced by 25 per cent from the 1999 level.
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Statistics Norways noise model
• Calculates data for noise impact and annoyance, in Norway for 1999 and following years.
• Estimates the noise from– road traffic– aircraft– railways– industry
• Results given as – Noise Annoyance Index (SPI)
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Measuring noise annoyance
• Noise annoyance differs
• with the source of noise– 60 dB of aircraft-noise more annoying than 60 dB of
railroad-noise
• from person to person– at the same noise level some will be higly annoyed, some
not annoyed at all.
• Development of the Average Annoyance Score
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Average annoyance score- dose-respons curve based on respondents describing
their annoyance due to noise
- estimates on a scale from 0-1 how annoyed an average person will be by noise from a particular source
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0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
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20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Noise (dB)
No
ise
ann
oya
nce
Road traff ic
Air traff ic
Railw ay
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Noise Annoyance Index (SPI)• calculated by multiplying the number of exposed
persons within each noise-level with the average annoyance-score for this level.
• f.ex– 100 persons exposed to 60 dB– from Aircraft: (1,83 x (60dB – 38))/100 = 40– from Railroad: (1,19 x (60dB – 36))/100 = 29
Annoyance scores from different noise levels and sources can be added together to give a total level of annoyance for a community.
The noise model in general
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Calculation of railroad noise• Noise emission calculated
– by the Nordic prediction method for railroad noise – on the basis of
train type trainlength during 24h (meter) speed (km/h)
• Result: – each railroadlink identified by a code and the first and last
kilometer of the link, desibel-level generated
• Distributed along a geographic railroad-layer– using dynamic segmentation– on the basis of a railroad link code, and the first and last
kilometers
Dynamic segmentation; Applying noise level to geography
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Noise emission; Norwegian railroad network
Noise level connected to adresses
distance railroad-adress measurred
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Noise at adress level
• Calculating noise reduction due to – divergence (4 dB per. doubling of distance)– air absorbsion – correction for track conditions– if the receving adress is an appartment building– shielding from buildings in the neighbourhood
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Calculation of shielding
• Calculated for each adress individually
• Calculated on the basis of buildings between adress and railroad– the buildings coordinates – build-up area
• Calculates– radius of the buildings base– distance from adress to building– the part of an 180o view angel that the buildning will shield
Shielding from buildings
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Calculation of road traffic noise
• Simmilar to the railroad calculations, except..
• The calculations are being done for one type of road at the time– european roads– national roads– county roads– local roads
• An adress is assigned the highest noise value that reaches the adress
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Calculation of aircraft noise
• NORTIM-files– noise levels in a point grid
• Used for calculation of– emission of noise– diffusion over the ground
• Noiselevel updated from trafficnumbers and noise prognoses
• Adresses connected to the nearest point in the grid
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Calculation of industry noise• buisnesses (buisness
register) located in industry buildnings (GAB)
• assigned a noiselevel dependent on NACE-code
• rate of change dependent on density of buildings within ...? meters
• adress is assigned the highest noiselevel that reaches it