wIssued Monthly by

New York Forest Owners Association, Inc.

President: Theodore T. Buckley, R.F.D. 2, CambriJge, N.Y.Secretary: Floyd E. Carlson, College of Forestry, Syracuse, N.Y.

Treasurer-Membership Secretary: Mrs. Luella B. Palmer, 157 Ballantyne Ri., Syracuse,N.Y.

lume II No. 10February 1965

To the point of boredom, I have saidseveral times that my duties as Sheriff get'xed up in odd ways with my interest in

- e Forest Owners, - and here is another.Our District Attorney recently asked

to investigate a complaint made by oneour citizens that an automobile junk

. rd was located and managed illegally in~s neighborhood. Presto - the question ofa~sthetics along our roadsides is no longer

abstract problem somewhere else, but,e right in my own backyard with the cer-

~in prospect that I must sign a report. the facts which the "D.A." hopes will

a-5ist him in taking some intelligent,,-tion.

.Now this would probably not be my sub-~ect this month if I had not picked up theanuary issue of American Forests and read

a very interesting article on this samesubject entitled "This Is A Junkyard -

LOR IT GREEN" by John Prokop.There was a time, when no one thought

- 0 much about such things, but there is a~~owing awareness that it isa little silly

make so much noise about conservation of.atural scenery, parks, beaches, and water,.ile at the same time be forced to drive

_ . and see one or all of the "seven scour-;es", open trash dumps, dilapidated signs,.warranted spot developments, water and

a!r pollution, auto graveyards, and the_ack of local planning.

Mr. Prokop says that there are 8000~~kyards in the country taking in more- an five million cars a year. On top of

ESIDENT'S REPORT this there are thousands 6f junk cars aband-oned on private property. by the oropertyowner himself.

Now the answer is not always jU$t"another law", because where laws are ineffect they are difficult to enforce,Itmust be first realized that business issecond-hand parts and metal is legitimate.The problem comes from our objection to theunsightliness of the collective remnant? ofthe chrome-:-trimmedbeauties that were orceour pride and joy.

What can we and other conservation·groups do about it?

It is apparent that many of the res-ponsible owners of junk yards are concernedabout it too, so in many cases we may ex-pect some cooperation. But not until wehave raised enough c12mor to arouse ourlocal officials to the point of establishingplanning boards with the courage to face ourmodern problems. Why do we have to wait, forsome billion dollar ~rogram super-imposedupon us by the state or federal governmentwhen with some cleaning UP in our backyardswe could make a big start.

The Woman's Farm and G~rden Clubs havedone wonders with their civic-improvementand litter-bug campaigns. Mr. Prokop sugg-ests that many of these road-side blots can~e screened with plantings of trees andshrubs. With a little study, our e~pertscan suggest the species that might do thebest job. Such a program could be a littleexpensive, but civic clubs, soil conserv~-tionists, Boy Scouts, etc., might help~One or two good examples in an area might

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PRESIDENT I S REPORT (continued)

start the ball rolling.Do you have this problem in your town?

What do you think about it? If you have anldea,please write!

(T.T.B.)

ANNUAL MEETING - April 24Subj ect: MARKETING.SAVE THE DATE.

AMONG OUR MEMBERS

On Tuesday, December 15, 1964, DirectorMiller appeared on television over the Uticastation WKTV speaking on Christmas Trees,along with Extension Service representativeBernard DeKay. Director Miller took theoccasion to say a good word for the NYFOA.

Our 2nd Vice President, Harvey Smith ofAuburn, is one of ten directors of the Fin-ger Lakes Sugar Beet Growers Associationwhere he serves as Treasurer. It is antici-pated that 1500 to 2000 growers in theAuburn area will be producing sugar beetsfor the 22 million dollar Pepsi Cola plantnow under construction at Montezuma &ong theNew York State Barge Canal.

Director Lewis DuMond in December 1964was elected President, Independent MutualAgents Association of New York Stata. Thereare 1600 members in this Association forwhich he served as Secretary for 13-1/2 years.

PRUNING

Late winter is a good time to prune coni-fers, whether they be planted or wild. Atthis season, there isnlt much else a forestowner can do in the woods, what with cold andsnow and poor travel. Because evergreens in-tercept a considerable amount of snow, thereis generally less on the ground under themthan there is in the open or among the hard-woods and so it is easier to get around.

Dead limbs can be pruned off at this oralmost any time without hurt to the tree.Above the dead ones there is a zone of branchesthat are declining - they mayor may not havelost their needl~s but the wood close to thetrunk is not yet dead. And then, there arethose limbs that are still green but which

may be expected to die before the nextpruning.

Any time after mid-February, the mid-day sun gets hot enough to stir to treesinto action. When a decadent or a livelimb is cut, the resin canals will ooze alittle each warm day and a coat of pitchwill form over the cut stub, sealing itagainst infection when fungus sporesstart to fly in spring.

But donlt overdo a good thing. Realgrowth activity begins about April 1 andwhen it does, you can get in trouble withbark t~aring, especially on the under sideof the limb. When this happens, layoffpruning for the season -- there will alwaysbe another year.

Dave Cook

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~

COMMITTEE ON LEGISLATION ORGANIZED

John F. Daly, former Secretary of theNew York State Conservation Department, waselected Chairman of the Legislative Committeof the New York Forest Owners Association ata meeting held at the home of member Dr.Edward E. Palmer of 316 Berkeley Drive,Syracuse. Secretary of the Committee is mber of the Board of Directors NYFOA, Qr.B. Hatch of Peterboro, N.Y. "A.B." wasChairman of the New York State Fish andWildlife Management Board from its inceptionin 1958 until his retirement in December1963. Other members of the Board of Direcare Robert M. Ford, Past Chairman and presenly State Board Member from Forest DistrictNo.7 (Madison, Chenango, Broome Counties) 0the New York State Forest Practice Board;Dr. Eugene Klochkoff, former law student andpracticing physician in New York City; Dr.Edward E. Palmer, Professor of PoliticalScience and American Studies, Maxwell Grad-uate School of Citizenship and Public Aff-airs, Syracuse University; and Theodore T.Buckley, President of the New York ForestOwners Association, Inc. and presentlySheriff of Washington County and State BoardMember from Forest District No. 11 (Washing-ton, Warren, Saratoga Counties) of the NewYork State Forest Practice Board.

F.E.C.

J INDER TO NYFOA MEMBERS

New members joining now get a bonus.eir dues will be paid up until March 31,

966.. And this is also a reminder that oure~ficient Treasurer would be glad to regis--er YOUR payment of dues anytime now - for965-1966.

F.E.C.

W ERA OF CONSERVATION PROPOSED BY PRESI-lENT JOHNSON

1, the White House issued fourolicy statements dealing with domesticssues. Below is an extract from the Presi-

~ent's statement covering natural resources.. E.C. )

'~hen America began there seemed noimit to the riches of the earth. Then came

a time of reckless exploitation and ruthlesslunder. Greed and ignorance combined toay waste our resources and threaten our

....omain with destruction. Far-sighted andourageous men -- men like Theodore Roose-elt, Franklin Roosevelt and John Kennedy --

acted to halt decay, preserve our splendor,d develop our resources. That battle still

We intend to win it.three changing forces are biinging

a new era to conservation."The first is growing population. By

·he year 2000, more than 300 million Ameri-:ans will need ten times the power and 2-1/2·imes the water we now consume. Increasing~ressure will take our resources and increas-. g.leisure will tax our recreation.

"The 'second is the triumph of techno-ogy. The bright success of science also has

a dark side. The ooisons and chemicals, the'unked automobiles and the waste products ofrogress ure threatening the destruction of

.ature."The third is urbanization. More of our

eople are crowding into cities and cutting-hemselves off from nature. Access to beauty's denied and ancient values are destroyed.Conservation must move from nature's wilder-ess to the man-made wilderness of our cities.

"All of this requires a new conserva-

must not only protect from destruc-restore what has been destroyed --develoo old resources but create-- not only save the countryside

but salvage the cities."It is not just the classic conservation

of protection and development, but a crea-tiva'con~ervation of restoration and innova-tion.

"Its concern is not with nature alone,but with the total relation between man .andthe world around him. Its object is notjust man's welfare but the dignity of hisspirit.

"Above all, we must maintain the chancefor contact with beauty. When that chancedies a light dies in all of us •. We are thecreation of our environment. If it be-comes filthy and sordid, then the dignityof the spirit and the deepest of our valuesare in danger.

"And once more nature is destroyed orbeauty blighted, it can rarely be restored •It is gone forever. It is our children whowill bear the burden of our neglect. Weowe it to them to keep that from haopening •.

"We have made progress. The 88th Con•.gress -- the greatest conserv~tion Congress'in our entire history ~- passed more than 30important conservation bills.

. "A new Land and Water ConservationFund will help states and cities set asidespots of beauty for recreation and oleasure.

"A v!ilderness Act will guarantee allAmericans the natural magnificence whichhas been your heritage.

"A.Water Research Act will speed deve-lopment for the soaring water needs of agrowing nation.

"We established continental America'sfirst new National Park in 17 years -~ twentythree new national park areas -- and four newNational Seashores -- and a national river-way.

'~e began a new Bureau of Outdoor Re-creation so that our children will have aplace to hunt and fish and glory in nature.

'~e began construction of over 200water resource projects with about 70 morescheduled for 1965 •

'~e built or began more than 55JO milesof transmission lines.

"Flood control funds were increased.bymore than 50%.•

"VJe have explored the.wonders of modernscience oressing ahead with research intoevery area of resource development -- usingthe atom for power -~ sending satellites topredict weather -- moving toward the daywhen we can make fresh water from the oceans,oil from shale, and harvest the riches of

(continued on Page 4)

the sea. All this we have done, and more."I pledge my Administration to con-

tinue this progress."But we must do more than continue.

Our problems are changing, and we mustchange to meet them.

"In the development of a new conserva-tion I intend to press ahead on fivefronts.

"First, we seek to guarantee our child-ren a place to walk and play and communewith nature. The demand on our recreation-al facilities is doubling each decade. Wemust act boldly or our future will be barr-en. We will move vigorously under our re-cent laws to acquire and develop new areasfor recreation -- emphasizing areas ofconcentrated population. We will expandour programs to meet developing needs.

"A National Program of scenic park-ways and riverways is on the horizon.

"I hope to make the Potomac a conser-vation model for our metropolitan areas.

"In our cities open space rnus t be re-served where possible, and created wherepreservation comes too late.

"Second, we must control the wasteproducts of technology. The same S09ietywhich receives the rewards of 'technologymust, as a cooperating whole, take respon-sibility for control. I intend to workwith local government and industry to de-velop.a national policy for control anddisposal of technological and industrialwaste. In this way, we can rescue theoldest of our treasures from the newest ofits enemies.

"Third, we must increas~ mastery overour environment through the marvels of newtechnology. This means rapidly increasingemphasis on comprehensive river basin de-velopment. We will coopara te with qove rn-ment at every level to develop all theresources while preserving all the scenicpromise of an entire region. The scale ofour programs must match the seopeof ourproblems.

"It means drawing fresh water from theoceans. Within a few years, economic des-alination will be a reality for large num-bers of Americans.

"It means learning to understand theweather and become its master. Weathersatellites, deep sea nuclear weather sta-tions, are part of a developi~g technologywhich will ultimately make it possible notonly to talk about the weather, but do some-

thing about it."It means the use in every field of

the newest of knowledge to meet the oldestneeds. And it means encouraging the de-velqpment of the genius of man in order tounlock the secrets of the earth.

I~ourth, We must prevent urbanizationand growth from ravishing the land. Atthis moment a working group is studYingways to protect the integrity of nature incities and suburbs. The nation is growing.We want that growth to be a blessing andnot a blight.

"I will propose -- in cooperation withlocal government and private industry~- .poli~ies to help ensure that suburban build-ing, highway construction, and industrialspread are conducted with reverence and re-·gard for the values of nature.

"Fifth, we must conduct conservationon a global scale.

"The oceans and atmosphere are·,theproperty of all people. Scientifi~ discoveries in one land can benefit all nations.There are no political boundaries in mari1sancient and continuing struggle for masteryover nature.

"The Antarctic Treaty, weather andfishery agreements, and the Columbia Rivertreaty with Canada are examples of what ca~be done if nations will devote common eff-ort to common interest.

"There are some of the fronts pf thenew conservatior) which I will work to Cqrryforward.

"It is often difficult to invest, whenresults may be a generation or more away.-So many immediate needs crowd around us,But our history is witness to the wisdom ofinvestment in our natural resources. It haSreturned it s cost many times. And it haspreserved the patrimony of America. Ideeply believe in economy and procience inqovernmeubv-v- we must be mindful of thefinancial debt we leave to our children.But I do not want to leave them the tragiCand irretrievable debt of a devastated lancland dwindling resources,

"From the beginning we have been apeople of open spaces. We have lifted o0reyes to the deserts and mountains, and nowto the starts. But on this earth the ringdraws closer around us. Let us have spaceand resources, here in America, to fit ourchildren's hopes."

From What's Happening in Forestry Nov.l6,'64

ANTED SALESMEN

Each of you is needed to sell member-ships in the New York Forest Owners Assoc-.ation.

The small sum of three dollars peryear for this valuable membership buys the~rospective member so much for so little.

is is an,easy job! When we double ourmbership the three dollar investment will

ouble in value.So - get out and sell - Sell the New

ork Forest Owners Association. The morembers we have - the greater the return"II be on all the members investment.

GO OUT AND SIGN UP A NEW MEMBER.Gus MillerChairman, Membership Comm.

OJNDITIONS FAVORABLE TO GOOD HARDWOODOWTH -- PART III

Editor's Note: Norman H. Richards, Re-search Assistant, Department of Silviculture,

lIege of Forestry and NYFOA member, - wasa speaker at our Fall Meeting in CayugaCounty, October 8, 1964. F.E.C.)

s

We all recognize that hardwood standsevelop rather slowly. What we can make out

a hardwood stand within our working life-ime is greatly affected by the quality of"e stand we start with, and the rehabilit~-'on of a seriously mismanaged hardwood

s and is a rather heroic undertaking to say-"e least. The enviable combination of goodsite and good trees which Mr. Hoyt's woodlot=fers to future generations is relativelyare in New York today, and most woodsners are faced with something less excit-g. Where we do not have the combination

~ good site and goqd growing stock, we willo best to identify those areas of ouroodlands that apparently have relativelyod site potential locked up in inferior

~ees, and concentrate our management eff-xts there. Such lands probably hold theeatest potential for improved hardwood

roduction in New York. Conversely, wehould identify areas where poor site qualitys combined with poor trees to produce poorowth, and avoid these areas in our timber

. provement investments, as they are notikely to payoff.

Finally, let us look at some aspects of

the requirement for good hardwood growththat we, as individual woods owners and asan association, can probably do most toeffect change; "good management" •

The improvement of hardwood manage-ment involves both a negative and a posi-tive approach. First, there must be asubstantial reduction of mismanagementpractices throughout the state, for thewidespread continuance of destructivepractices, especially high-grading and wood-lands grazing, rather effectively cancelout much of our increased improvement eff-orts on a total resource basis. Ceasingmismanagement of woodlands in itself resultsin slow natural improvement. However, morepositively, there must be an increasedwillingness to invest in improvement prac-tices if good growth is to be attained in areasonable length of time.

I think we now all recognize that agreat many complex elements lie behind ourattitudes toward woodland management. Ed-ucation and assistance to woodland ownersmust deal with these elements more directlythan in the past if the .statewide climatefor better woodland management is to im-prove. I will touch on just three elementsof several with which this associationmight appropriately become involved.

Perhaps most commonly mentioned is theeconomic element of markets. Compared toother industries in our dynamic economy, ourNew York hardwood timber industry has beenlOSing ground. We all know the problem oflimited markets, particularly for our lowerquality hardwoods that should be removed inwoodlot improvement. As things stand now,the responsibility for searching out mar-kets lies largely to the individual land-owner, and this problem is more than mostof us can tackle alone. I hope landownersassociation can do more on this than in-dividual landowners can.

Another important element affectingthe management of small woodlands is thatof our mobility. Agricultural economistshave pointed out that one reason farmersare often not interested in long term wood-lot improvement is that the average farmtenure is surprisingly short. The longownership of the two woodlots visited todayare exceptions rather than the rule. Formany people, there must be some hope ofrelative permanence to justify timber-im-provement. efforts ~.becaus'e woodland improve-ments are 'seldom,-suf f icien-t Iy r-e f lected in

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SINGING SPRUCECONDITIONS FAVORABLE (continued)

land sale prices. I wonder if the trend ofsmall woodland ownership away from farmersto absentee ownership might possibly lenth-en the tenure of woodland ownership, asparadoxical as it may sound. To give apersonal example which I think is somewhattypical, I have had six residence addressesin four counties in two states during theten years I have owned my small tree farm.An adjacent dairy farm has changed handstwice during that decade, and its wood-lot show it!

REPLY TO BROOKLYN BOY'S QUESTION ABOUTKNOTS

You have asked for an explanation ofwhy the knots are darker than the rest ofthe wood around them. In softwood lumber,which is produced by coniferous trees, thereason why these knots are darker is usuallybecause there is an accumulation of resinmaterial in the knot and this gives thecharacteristic reddish color.

The other question which you asked inregard to the reason why knots are harderthan the wood surrounding them in a boardis a little more difficult to answer. Theaccumulation of resin, which we have al-ready mentioned, is probably one of themost important factors which increase thehardness of the knot. This resin fillsthe cell cavities and impregnates thecell walls so that the entire area is den-ser and resists indentation forces-betterthan the ordinary wood around the knot.

Another factor in the increase inhardness is that the grain in the knotarea is running perpendicularly to theface of the board whereas the wood aroundthe knot has a grain running parallel tothe surface of the board. Since wood isbetter able to resist indentation in adirection parallel to the grain than per-pendicular to the grain, the knots arenaturally somewhat harder than the surr-ounding wood.

Sincerely yours,Carl deZeeuw, ProfessorWood Products EngineeringDept.

state University Collegeof Forestry at SyracuseUniversity

To find wood that sings, wood with theresonance required for the soundboard ofthe magnificently voiced Baldwin Grand, isa challenging quest. The species must beeastern white spruce. The place: Thenorthern slopes of the Adirondacks, foronly on the north side of the mountain isgrowth slow enough to maintain a minimumof eight annual g'rowth rings per inch.Even there, only one spruce in fifty pro-vides wood with grain fine enough to meetBaldwin's requirements.

From advertisement by Baldwin inSaturday Review for 12/12/64

(Clipping supplied by Luella B~ Palmer,our Treasurer. F.E.C.)

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