the nature of language teaching
TRANSCRIPT
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THE NATURE OF
LANGUAGE TEACHING
Peter D. Stevens
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LLT Process is higly complex set of events •A student•A teacher•An organized framework•An institution
2 different LTL : •Inferior • superior Depending on the command of the language the learners achieve
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The 4 principal components of the LLT process are :
THE COMMUNITY
THE LANGUAGE TEACHING PROFESSION
THE TEACHER
THE LEARNER
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THE COMMUNITYDecides that tuition in such or such languages should be available : implies a choice in foreign language
A branch of gov’t mediates
It’s an integral part of educational provision , just one more subject
So, teachers are : Public servantsPaid by the communityTrained at the expense of communitySupported by community
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There are 2 elements within The Community
The Public Will ,which languages should be taught Administration and organization ( A/O) , allocating funds, buildings , etc
THE PUBLIC WILL creates the level of expectation of achievement , highly related to MOTIVATION.
THE A/O LT depends on the Ministry of Education, which is a double edged “blessing” . Difference between INFERIOR and SUPERIOR LLT many times depends on A/O
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THE LANGUAGE TEACHING PROFESSIONProfession as a discipline, like any other.It is also the set of principles by which teachers organize themselves. Teacher trainers : they mediate between contributory disciplines and school tasks and probs in the class
Instructor manipulates techniques and presents foreign language to students Teacher : good instructor + cherishes his students and recognizes their individuality as learners Educator : good teacher + is aware of the interrelations between the techniques , the contributory disciplines and the needs of society
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THE TEACHER1- The Teacher: may or may not be present Minimum qualities of a teacher :Nondiscouraging personalityAdequate presentation skills as a teacher Upkeep adequate command of the language he teachesUpgrading of professionalism: dedication to learning and keep in touch with new techniques and development
2- Teacher Training : criteria for selection of aspirants and training : education , temperamental suitability and vocationInitial Training ( components of skills information and theory) and Further Training
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3- Teaching
This is the element which has been given the most importance lately, but this is not unique
ApproachesMethodology ( use of techniques)Syllabus designMaterials production TestingTypes of teaching
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4- Constraints
Low expectations of success by teacher, system, parents , etcUnattainable objectivesConfusion of aimsPhysical, organizationalor psychological constraints , generally mistakes in the O/A Insufficient timePoor materials not compensated by good teachersInadequate teacher trainingIncompetent class teaching and lack of interest in learners
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THE LEARNERHe has a profile of characteristics which make him individual,different from other learners
DIFFERENCES: agewillingness to give time and effort special language abilities concentrationprevious linguistic experience general education experience self view as a language learner learning strategies level of expectations of success
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CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESSUnwilling learners are unlikely to learn, while willing learners are likely to learn well.Enough learning should be providedExcellence in one area, can compensate with inadequacy in another
The 4 components are included in success:The Community positive attitude served by a helpful administrationThe Profession needs to provide teachers with support of all kinds The Teacher needs to display devolution toward his students ( and attitude, and vocation)
The Learner needs to be willing to learn
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TASK for next class: Individual work Get the copies at La Cabaña, read them thoroughly and prepare 5 smart question to ask in class, and answer them in a separate paper.
BIBLIOGRAPHY Long, Michael H., Richards, Jack C, Methodology in TESOL, A Book of Readings , Heinly&Heinle Publishers, USA 1987